2k体
outline 总体要求 竞争优势的来源在于企业自身独特的、能为顾客创造 价值的资源和能力,而且能较竞争对手更快、更好地 满足顾客的价值需要。从这一基本思路出发,探讨如 何分析企业自身独特的资源和能力;如何运用价值创 新理念和工具创造独特价值地位。 具体目标 竞争优势涵义 资源能力培育 顾客价值实现 价值创新导向
总体要求 竞争优势的来源在于企业自身独特的、能为顾客创造 价值的资源和能力,而且能较竞争对手更快、更好地 满足顾客的价值需要。从这一基本思路出发,探讨如 何分析企业自身独特的资源和能力;如何运用价值创 新理念和工具创造独特价值地位。 具体目标 • 竞争优势涵义 • 资源能力培育 • 顾客价值实现 • 价值创新导向
6.1竞争优势涵义 竞争优势:以资源与组织能力(活动)为基础,以 制度认同为约束,通过提供用户认为是物有所值的 产品或服务,比竞争对手更好地创造用户所需的价 值来实现。 竞争优势源泉:战略性资产—知识和独特资源 ·竞争优势约束:制度和社会认同;使命、理念、 社会责任的兼顾; ·竞争优势根本:用户导向的价值创新和能力激活
竞争优势:以资源与组织能力(活动)为基础,以 制度认同为约束,通过提供用户认为是物有所值的 产品或服务,比竞争对手更好地创造用户所需的价 值来实现。 • 竞争优势源泉:战略性资产——知识和独特资源 • 竞争优势约束:制度和社会认同;使命、理念、 社会责任的兼顾; • 竞争优势根本:用户导向的价值创新和能力激活
Resources/ knowledge, capabilities and their relations Analyzing strategic capability
• Resources/knowledge, capabilities and their relations • Analyzing strategic capability
独特资源一战略性资产 稀缺性/不可流动性 不可模仿性 缄默性/潜移默化性 顾客价值性 延展性/渗透性 无法学:稀缺与专用资源及能力(不可流动: 无形、环境、组合) 学不全:不可言传的经验、知识和技能、不 可模仿的活动能力 不敢学:战略性恐吓和威胁 不愿学:先发优势、情理相告、思维惰性 难替代:品牌优势、技术优势、成本领先
稀缺性/不可流动性 不可模仿性 缄默性/潜移默化性 顾客价值性 延展性/渗透性 无法学:稀缺与专用资源及能力(不可流动: 无形、环境、组合) 学不全:不可言传的经验、知识和技能、不 可模仿的活动能力 不敢学:战略性恐吓和威胁 不愿学:先发优势、情理相告、思维惰性 难替代:品牌优势、技术优势、成本领先
Knowledge Distinctive Resources Philosophy of knowledge management A process of knowledge flow to support cash and material flow Efficiency and effectiveness of information flow Input--knowledge activities--output Structure of knowledge management Knowledge management circle Knowledge management platform Support systems hardware and software
Philosophy of knowledge management • A process of knowledge flow to support cash and material flow • Efficiency and effectiveness of information flow • Input-- knowledge activities -- output Knowledge & Distinctive Resources Structure of knowledge management • Knowledge management circle • Knowledge management platform • Support systems:hardware and software
To deliver the most suitable knowledge Knowledge inventory to the most suitable person in the most suitable time and space Structured Capital Incentive nowledge Knowledge Knowledge system discovery accumulation Maintenance Database Organ dig structure Database ° Organ. Knowledge Management culture Circle( Kmc) inventory Intranet Organizational Knowledge Knowledge Knowledge Technical support system creation Application learning support Human system resource capital Knowledge sharing network
To deliver the most suitable knowledge to the most suitable person in the most suitable time and space Human resource capital Structured Capital Knowledge Management Circle (KMC) Knowledge discovery Knowledge accumulation Knowledge Maintenance Knowledge Application Knowledge creation Knowledge learning Knowledge inventory Knowledge sharing network Organizational support system ·Database dig ·Database inventory ·Intranet Technical support system
° Hardware platform Technical support system Appliance for knowledge gaining Desktop of knowledge management Organization platform Organizational incentive system and structure Institutional context and culture Knowledge network visible and invisible sharing networks ° Knowledge inventory tacit knowledge inventory: HRM Articulate knowledge inventory: Database, etc Service platform
• Hardware platform ---- Technical support system ---- Appliance for knowledge gaining ---- Desktop of knowledge management • Organization platform ---- Organizational incentive system and structure ---- Institutional context and culture • Knowledge network ---- visible and invisible sharing networks • Knowledge inventory ---- tacit knowledge inventory: HRM ---- Articulate knowledge inventory: Database, etc • Service platform
Knowledge-Creating Processes To Tacit Knowledge Explicit Knowledge Tacit Socialization Externalization Knowledge (sympathized (conceptual knowledge) knowledge) From Explicit Internalization Combination Knowledge (operational (systematic knowledge) knowledge) Source: Nonaka &e Takeuchi, The Knowledge Creating Company, Oxford University Press, 1995
Socialization (sympathized knowledge) Externalization (conceptual knowledge) Internalization (operational knowledge) Combination (systematic knowledge) Tacit Knowledge Explicit Knowledge Tacit Knowledge Explicit Knowledge From To Source: Nonaka & Takeuchi, The Knowledge Creating Company, Oxford University Press, 1995
战略资源与能力分析 资源与能力概念 资源:外显、静态、有形的客观役使对象 能力:潜在、动态、无形的主观能动条件 资源与能力关系 当能力必须依附于特定资源才能发挥作用时,人 就会丧失自我,变成资源的附庸和奴隶 当能力几乎不需要任何资源就能充分发挥作用时, 人就能找到自我,变成独立于资源的生命主体 当人是资源的附庸时,资源是持续发展之源 当人独立于资源成为生命主体时,留住人成为 企业长期发展之本。 讨论:以个体为载体的缄默知识是资源还是能力?
资源与能力关系 ——当能力必须依附于特定资源才能发挥作用时,人 就会丧失自我,变成资源的附庸和奴隶; ——当能力几乎不需要任何资源就能充分发挥作用时, 人就能找到自我,变成独立于资源的生命主体 ——当人是资源的附庸时,资源是持续发展之源; 当人独立于资源成为生命主体时,留住人成为 企业长期发展之本。 讨论:以个体为载体的缄默知识是资源还是能力? 资源与能力概念 ——资源:外显、静态、有形的客观役使对象 ——能力:潜在、动态、无形的主观能动条件