hapter 食品的卫生及管理
Food contaminants 生物性污染 化学性污染 放射性污染
Food contaminants 生物性污染 化学性污染 放射性污染
Plant foods Animal foods Products
Plant foods Animal foods Products
section1 Cereal grains, legumina • Molds and mycotoxin(aflatoxin ) 曲霉、毛霉、根霉 青霉和镰刀菌等 Corn and peanut • Prevent contamination ✓moisture 安全水分: 粮谷12~14%, 豆类10~13% AW≤0.7 ✓Temperature ✓Component of gas:O240~50% ✓Chemical method:环氧乙烷 • detoxification
section1 Cereal grains, legumina • Molds and mycotoxin(aflatoxin ) 曲霉、毛霉、根霉 青霉和镰刀菌等 Corn and peanut • Prevent contamination ✓moisture 安全水分: 粮谷12~14%, 豆类10~13% AW≤0.7 ✓Temperature ✓Component of gas:O240~50% ✓Chemical method:环氧乙烷 • detoxification
darnel毒麦: temuline毒麦碱, 麻痹中枢神经 系统。 >4%急性中毒 要求:≤0.1% •Harmful plant seeds:
darnel毒麦: temuline毒麦碱, 麻痹中枢神经 系统。 >4%急性中毒 要求:≤0.1% •Harmful plant seeds:
• Harmful plant seeds: 槐籽:不超过0.04% 2%-6% 急性中毒 毛果洋茉莉籽:中毒性肝炎 不超过0.02% cockle seed麦仙翁籽: saponin皂甙,溶血作用 含量0.1%以下 ergot麦角:alkaloid生物碱 25%盐水漂出麦角 粮食中不超过0.01%
• Harmful plant seeds: 槐籽:不超过0.04% 2%-6% 急性中毒 毛果洋茉莉籽:中毒性肝炎 不超过0.02% cockle seed麦仙翁籽: saponin皂甙,溶血作用 含量0.1%以下 ergot麦角:alkaloid生物碱 25%盐水漂出麦角 粮食中不超过0.01%
• Pesticide pollution directly直接施用 or indirectly环境污染 《农药安全使用规定》、《农药安全 使用标准》 • sewage irrigation(污水灌溉)有害毒物的 污染 《农田灌溉水质标准》 • Pest in a warehouse (仓储害虫) • 意外污染和掺伪: sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate 吊百块(甲醛-亚硫酸钠)
• Pesticide pollution directly直接施用 or indirectly环境污染 《农药安全使用规定》、《农药安全 使用标准》 • sewage irrigation(污水灌溉)有害毒物的 污染 《农田灌溉水质标准》 • Pest in a warehouse (仓储害虫) • 意外污染和掺伪: sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate 吊百块(甲醛-亚硫酸钠)
vegetables and fruits • Learn by yourself
vegetables and fruits • Learn by yourself
section 2 Meat,poultry,fish and products
section 2 Meat,poultry,fish and products
一、Meat and meat products • spoilage腐败变质 four phases rigor mortis(僵直): glycogen in muscles anaerobic condition Ageing后熟: pH继续下降 营养学意义 牛、羊肉 猪、鸡肉 鱼 lactic acid ATP disappearance pH 7.0~7.4 Ph5.4 myosin contraction Temperature :36 ℃ 12h 4℃ 1~3 days Glycogen content: Lactic acid: act as mild preservative卫生学意义 Fresh meat
一、Meat and meat products • spoilage腐败变质 four phases rigor mortis(僵直): glycogen in muscles anaerobic condition Ageing后熟: pH继续下降 营养学意义 牛、羊肉 猪、鸡肉 鱼 lactic acid ATP disappearance pH 7.0~7.4 Ph5.4 myosin contraction Temperature :36 ℃ 12h 4℃ 1~3 days Glycogen content: Lactic acid: act as mild preservative卫生学意义 Fresh meat