住房和城乡建设部：城市轨道交通工程建设安全生产标准化管理技术指南（2020年6月）.pdf_大学文库

1 目录前言.............................................................................................................................................................1 第一章总则与基本规定...........................................................................................................................2 1.1 总则.................................................................................................................................................2 1.2 基本规定..........................................................................................................................................4 第二章安全管理行为...............................................................................................................................7 2.1 建设单位..........................................................................................................................................7 2.1.1 管理体系................................................................................................................................. 7 2.1.2 责任制与管理制度.................................................................................................................7 2.1.3 安全教育与培训.....................................................................................................................7 2.1.4 前期保障................................................................................................................................. 8 2.1.5 施工准备...............................................................................................................................10 2.1.6 现场管理...............................................................................................................................11 2.1.7 工程验收与档案管理.......................................................................................................... 12 2.2 勘察单位....................................................................................................................................... 13 2.2.1 资质资格与管理体系.......................................................................................................... 13 2.2.2 管理制度...............................................................................................................................13 2.2.3 勘察大纲策划.......................................................................................................................13 2.2.4 勘察实施...............................................................................................................................15 2.2.5 勘察成果...............................................................................................................................17 2.2.6 勘察服务...............................................................................................................................19 2.2.7 工程验收与档案管理.......................................................................................................... 20 2.3 设计单位....................................................................................................................................... 20 2.3.1 资质资格及管理体系.......................................................................................................... 20 2.3.2 管理制度...............................................................................................................................21 2.3.3 设计依据...............................................................................................................................21 2.3.4 设计质量与安全控制.......................................................................................................... 23

2 2.3.5 设计服务...............................................................................................................................25 2.3.6 工程验收与档案管理.......................................................................................................... 26 2.4 施工单位....................................................................................................................................... 26 2.4.1 资质资格与管理体系.......................................................................................................... 26 2.4.2 管理制度...............................................................................................................................28 2.4.3 安全教育与培训...................................................................................................................29 2.4.4 施工组织设计与专项施工方案.......................................................................................... 29 2.4.5 现场施工...............................................................................................................................31 2.4.6 工程验收与档案管理.......................................................................................................... 33 2.5 监理单位....................................................................................................................................... 33 2.5.1 资质资格与管理体系.......................................................................................................... 33 2.5.2 管理制度...............................................................................................................................34 2.5.3 监理规划与实施细则.......................................................................................................... 34 2.5.4 监理审查...............................................................................................................................35 2.5.5 现场管理...............................................................................................................................36 2.5.6 协调管理...............................................................................................................................37 2.5.7 工程验收与档案管理.......................................................................................................... 37 2.6 第三方监测单位........................................................................................................................... 38 2.6.1 资质资格与管理机构.......................................................................................................... 38 2.6.2 管理制度...............................................................................................................................38 2.6.3 仪器设备...............................................................................................................................38 2.6.4 监测方案制定及审查.......................................................................................................... 39 2.6.5 现场实施...............................................................................................................................40 2.6.6 档案管理...............................................................................................................................41 第三章安全风险管理............................................................................................................................42 3.1 风险分级管控............................................................................................................................... 42 3.1.1 总体要求...............................................................................................................................42 3.1.2 风险等级标准.......................................................................................................................43

3 3.1.3 规划阶段风险管理.............................................................................................................. 44 3.1.4 可行性研究阶段风险管理.................................................................................................. 46 3.1.5 勘察与设计阶段风险管理.................................................................................................. 47 3.1.6 招标、投标与合同签订阶段风险管理.............................................................................. 51 3.1.7 施工阶段风险管理.............................................................................................................. 52 3.1.8 风险咨询...............................................................................................................................57 3.1.9 安全检测...............................................................................................................................58 3.1.10 安全风险管理平台运用.................................................................................................... 59 3.2 隐患排查治理............................................................................................................................... 59 3.2.1 隐患分类和分级...................................................................................................................59 3.2.2 工作机制及各方职责.......................................................................................................... 59 3.2.3 危险源辨识和隐患清单...................................................................................................... 60 3.2.4 隐患排查治理实施.............................................................................................................. 60 3.3 应急管理....................................................................................................................................... 62 3.3.1 应急管理机制.......................................................................................................................62 3.3.2 应急预案...............................................................................................................................63 3.3.3 培训与演练...........................................................................................................................64 3.3.4 应急响应...............................................................................................................................64 3.3.5 现场处置...............................................................................................................................66 3.3.6 事故处理...............................................................................................................................67 3.4 重大风险管理............................................................................................................................... 67 3.4.1 危大工程管理.......................................................................................................................67 3.4.2 关键节点条件核查.............................................................................................................. 73 3.5 特殊条件风险管理.......................................................................................................................78 3.5.1 周边环境安全与不良地质管理.......................................................................................... 78 3.5.2 特殊气候安全管理.............................................................................................................. 93 3.6 风险预警预报管理.......................................................................................................................99 3.6.1 管理机制...............................................................................................................................99

4 3.6.2 预警分类与信息报送........................................................................................................102 3.6.3 现场监测实施....................................................................................................................104 3.6.4 预警响应与处置................................................................................................................108 3.6.5 预警消警............................................................................................................................109 第四章安全文明施工......................................................................................................................... 110 4.1 现场安全文明施工....................................................................................................................110 4.1.1 文明施工............................................................................................................................110 4.1.2 安全防护............................................................................................................................116 4.1.3 临时用电............................................................................................................................123 4.1.4 消防安全............................................................................................................................129 4.1.5 机械设备............................................................................................................................135 4.1.6 设备作业管理....................................................................................................................147 4.2 通用工程施工............................................................................................................................150 4.2.1 脚手架工程........................................................................................................................150 4.2.2 钢筋工程............................................................................................................................152 4.2.3 模板支架工程....................................................................................................................153 第五章明挖、盖挖法施工................................................................................................................. 160 5.1 一般规定.....................................................................................................................................160 5.2 基坑支护.....................................................................................................................................160 5.2.1 支挡式结构........................................................................................................................160 5.2.2 支撑体系............................................................................................................................163 5.2.3 边坡支护............................................................................................................................165 5.3 降排水.........................................................................................................................................166 5.3.1 基坑降水............................................................................................................................166 5.3.2 基坑排水............................................................................................................................167 5.4 基坑开挖.....................................................................................................................................168 5.4.1 围护结构检测....................................................................................................................168

5 5.4.2 开挖节点条件核查............................................................................................................168 5.4.3 土方开挖............................................................................................................................169 5.4.4 围护结构缺陷应对措施....................................................................................................170 5.5 结构施工.....................................................................................................................................170 5.6 作业环境.....................................................................................................................................171 5.6.1 坑边载荷............................................................................................................................171 5.6.2 上下通道............................................................................................................................171 5.6.3 基坑安全距离....................................................................................................................171 5.6.4 防护措施............................................................................................................................171 5.6.5 安全监护............................................................................................................................172 5.7 支撑拆除.....................................................................................................................................172 5.8 基坑施工监测.............................................................................................................................172 5.8.1 基坑监测项目....................................................................................................................173 5.8.2 基坑监测点布设、监测频率............................................................................................173 5.8.3 基坑监测预警....................................................................................................................173 5.9 基坑防坍塌措施.........................................................................................................................177 5.10 盖挖法施工...............................................................................................................................178 5.10.1 开挖..................................................................................................................................178 5.10.2 支撑..................................................................................................................................178 5.10.3 作业环境..........................................................................................................................178 第六章盾构/TBM 法施工....................................................................................................................180 6.1 一般规定.....................................................................................................................................180 6.1.1 施工方案要求....................................................................................................................180 6.1.2 关键节点条件核查............................................................................................................180 6.2 盾构/TBM 选型............................................................................................................................180 6.3 安装调试.....................................................................................................................................181 6.4 始发、接收.................................................................................................................................181 6.4.1 始发、接收条件核查........................................................................................................181

6 6.4.2 端头井加固........................................................................................................................182 6.4.3 探孔施工............................................................................................................................182 6.4.4 盾构洞门钢环及密封装置................................................................................................183 6.4.5 反力架及托架....................................................................................................................184 6.4.6 盾构机过站调头................................................................................................................184 6.4.6 始发、接收管片固定........................................................................................................184 6.4.7 围护结构破除....................................................................................................................185 6.5 盾构机掘进施工.........................................................................................................................185 6.5.1 掘进参数控制....................................................................................................................185 6.5.2 同步注浆............................................................................................................................186 6.5.3 二次注浆............................................................................................................................187 6.5.4 盾构机穿越重要建（构）筑物、既有线路（含铁路）施工前条件核查...................187 6.5.5 盾构机设备检修与保养....................................................................................................188 6.6 管片堆放与管片拼装.................................................................................................................189 6.6.1 管片堆放............................................................................................................................189 6.6.2 管片拼装............................................................................................................................189 6.7 施工运输.....................................................................................................................................189 6.7.1 垂直运输............................................................................................................................189 6.7.2 水平有轨运输....................................................................................................................190 6.7.3 管道输送/出渣..................................................................................................................190 6.7.4 皮带机输送/出渣..............................................................................................................191 6.8 开仓作业.....................................................................................................................................191 6.8.1 开仓作业施工要求............................................................................................................191 6.8.2 刀具运输及储存................................................................................................................193 6.9 隧道洞门施工.............................................................................................................................194 6.9.1 关键节点条件核查............................................................................................................194 6.9.2 隧道洞门施工要求............................................................................................................195 6.10 联络通道冻结法施工.............................................................................................................. 195

7 6.10.1 基本要求..........................................................................................................................195 6.10.2 冻结孔施工......................................................................................................................195 6.10.3 冻结站布置及安装..........................................................................................................196 6.10.4 冻结壁检测......................................................................................................................197 6.10.5 开挖及支护......................................................................................................................197 6.10.6 充填注浆与融沉注浆......................................................................................................198 6.11 作业环境...................................................................................................................................198 6.11.1 安全防护与保护措施......................................................................................................198 6.11.2 通风..................................................................................................................................199 6.11.3 有害气体检测..................................................................................................................199 6.12 盾构隧道监测...........................................................................................................................200 6.12.1 监测项目及频率..............................................................................................................200 6.12.2 监测点设置......................................................................................................................201 6.12.3 监测数据..........................................................................................................................201 6.13 盾构监控...................................................................................................................................201 6.14 盾构隧道防坍塌措施.............................................................................................................. 202 6.15TBM 法掘进施工.........................................................................................................................203 6.15.1TBM 掘进............................................................................................................................203 6.15.2 豆砾石吹填......................................................................................................................204 第七章矿山法施工............................................................................................................................. 205 7.1 一般规定.....................................................................................................................................205 7.1.1 施工方案............................................................................................................................205 7.1.2 关键节点条件核查............................................................................................................205 7.2 降水排水.....................................................................................................................................205 7.2.1 竖井与洞口排水................................................................................................................205 7.2.2 洞内排水............................................................................................................................206 7.2.3 降水施工............................................................................................................................206 7.3 竖井.............................................................................................................................................207

8 7.3.1 关键节点条件核查............................................................................................................207 7.3.2 隔水帷幕............................................................................................................................208 7.3.3 竖井开挖及支护................................................................................................................208 7.3.4 喷射混凝土........................................................................................................................209 7.3.5 垂直运输............................................................................................................................210 7.3.6 人行通道............................................................................................................................210 7.4 洞口工程.....................................................................................................................................211 7.4.1 关键节点条件核查............................................................................................................211 7.4.2 洞口工程施工....................................................................................................................211 7.5 超前支护.....................................................................................................................................212 7.5.1 超前地质预报....................................................................................................................212 7.5.2 超前管棚及小导管............................................................................................................212 7.5.3 注浆加固............................................................................................................................213 7.6 开挖.............................................................................................................................................213 7.6.1 关键节点条件核查............................................................................................................213 7.6.2 开挖....................................................................................................................................215 7.7 初期支护.....................................................................................................................................217 7.7.1 钢筋网片和钢架................................................................................................................217 7.7.2 锚杆（管）........................................................................................................................218 7.7.3 喷射混凝土........................................................................................................................218 7.7.4 初支背后回填注浆............................................................................................................218 7.7.5 初支断面侵限处理............................................................................................................219 7.8 防水作业.....................................................................................................................................219 7.8.1 关键节点条件核查............................................................................................................219 7.8.2.防水施工...........................................................................................................................219 7.9 二次衬砌.....................................................................................................................................220 7.9.1 临时支护拆除....................................................................................................................220 7.9.2 钢筋工程............................................................................................................................220

9 7.9.3 模板及支架........................................................................................................................221 7.9.4 混凝土................................................................................................................................222 7.10 隧道运输...................................................................................................................................222 7.11 作业环境...................................................................................................................................223 7.12 冬期施工防护措施...................................................................................................................223 7.13 施工监测...................................................................................................................................224 7.14 防坍塌措施...............................................................................................................................226 第八章高架施工................................................................................................................................. 228 8.1 一般规定.....................................................................................................................................228 8.1.1 施工方案............................................................................................................................228 8.1.2 关键节点条件核查............................................................................................................228 8.2 桩基.............................................................................................................................................228 8.2.1 钻孔....................................................................................................................................228 8.2.2 泥浆....................................................................................................................................229 8.2.3 钢筋笼吊装........................................................................................................................229 8.2.4 水下混凝土灌注................................................................................................................229 8.2.5 桩头破除............................................................................................................................229 8.2.6 人工挖孔桩........................................................................................................................229 8.3 承台.............................................................................................................................................233 8.3.1 基坑开挖............................................................................................................................233 8.3.2 钢筋吊装............................................................................................................................233 8.3.3 模板安装............................................................................................................................233 8.3.4 混凝土浇筑........................................................................................................................234 8.4 墩台帽（墩柱、系梁、盖梁、垫石及支座）........................................................................234 8.4.1 脚手架及作业平台搭设....................................................................................................234 8.4.2 钢筋安装............................................................................................................................234 8.4.3 模板安装及拆除................................................................................................................234 8.4.4 混凝土浇筑........................................................................................................................235