林、果、草、鱼复合农林生态系统 Forest-Fruit-Grass-Fish agroforestry ecosystem ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE IN CHINA 相思 柑橘 鱼塘
相思 柑橘 鱼塘 ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE IN CHINA
The Concept of Eco-agriculture Ye Xianji first suggested eco-agriculture in China in 1981 as a good agricultural model suitable for China's own characteristics (Ye,1981 ) He (1984)referred to eco-agriculture as an eco- economic system with multi-goal,multi- function,multi-component and multi-level organization
The Concept of Eco-agriculture • Ye Xianji first suggested eco-agriculture in China in 1981 as a good agricultural model suitable for China's own characteristics (Ye, 1981 ). • He (1984) referred to eco-agriculture as an ecoeconomic system with multi-goal, multifunction, multi-component and multi-level organization
This system has optimum composition, reasonable structure, coordinated relationships and balanced development
This system has optimum composition, reasonable structure, coordinated relationships and balanced development
Eco-agriculture生态农业 1.Pay more attention to ecological effects and maintain biodiversity 2.Minimize agro-chemicals input 3.Maintain the internal ecosystem cycling and minimize human interference
1. Pay more attention to ecological effects and maintain biodiversity 2. Minimize agro-chemicals input 3. Maintain the internal ecosystem cycling and minimize human interference Eco-agriculture 生态农业
Eco-agriculture生态农业 Eco-agriculture is defined as a system which is established with ecological and economic principles and by systems engineering methods, realizes high productivity and ecological good cycling,and coordinates economic,ecological and social effects. The coordination of economic,ecological and social effects is represented by cost-effect,renewal of resources and progress of society
Eco-agriculture 生态农业 Eco-agriculture is defined as a system which is established with ecological and economic principles and by systems engineering methods, realizes high productivity and ecological good cycling, and coordinates economic, ecological and social effects. The coordination of economic, ecological and social effects is represented by cost-effect, renewal of resources and progress of society
Major Characteristics of Eco-agriculture The major characteristics of eco-agriculture can be summarized from the experiences with eco-agricultural experiments and extension all over China(Zhang,1993)
Major Characteristics of Eco-agriculture • The major characteristics of eco-agriculture can be summarized from the experiences with eco-agricultural experiments and extension all over China (Zhang, 1993)
(1)Coordination of structure. The whole ecosystem and all its components are rationally relocated.The composition of all ecological factors is made desirable by readjusting the structure
(l) Coordination of structure. The whole ecosystem and all its components are rationally relocated. The composition of all ecological factors is made desirable by readjusting the structure
(2)Role of science and technology Agricultural development is boosted through a principles in order to enhance yields combination of the experiences in traditional Chinese agriculture with the latest technologies. The experiences include intensive farming, intercropping,interplanting,crop rotation, balanced use and protection of farmland,etc, while the latest technologies,model cultivation, film-covered cultivation,application of prescribed fertilizers,improved new crop varieties and animal breeds,integrated pest management,etc
(2) Role of science and technology Agricultural development is boosted through a principles in order to enhance yields combination of the experiences in traditional Chinese agriculture with the latest technologies. The experiences include intensive farming, intercropping, interplanting, crop rotation, balanced use and protection of farmland, etc, while the latest technologies, model cultivation, film-covered cultivation, application of prescribed fertilizers, improved new crop varieties and animal breeds, integrated pest management, etc
(3)Rational use of resources All land resources are put to good use and monoculture is avoided.The recycling of wastes are realized through food chains of the eco-agricultural system.Wastes from one component of the system is used as an input to another component
(3) Rational use of resources • All land resources are put to good use and monoculture is avoided. The recycling of wastes are realized through food chains of the eco-agricultural system. Wastes from one component of the system is used as an input to another component
(4)Appropriate input Appropriate energy and matter is inputted to the system for the balance of high productivity,high quality and high profit.Importance is attached to ecological and biological measures in order to minimize wastes
(4) Appropriate input Appropriate energy and matter is inputted to the system for the balance of high productivity, high quality and high profit. Importance is attached to ecological and biological measures in order to minimize wastes