Ecosystem Ecosystems Communities Community Populations Population Organisms Individual Cells Cells 2
2 Cells Populations Organisms Communities Ecosystems Cells Individual Population Community Ecosystem
Contents 1.Ecosystem composition 生态系统的组成 2.Trophic levels营养级 3.Energy flow 能量流动 4.Ecological pyramids 生态金字塔 3
3 1. Ecosystem composition 生态系统的组成 2. Trophic levels 营养级 3. Energy flow 能量流动 4. Ecological pyramids 生态金字塔 Contents
System System is a set of interacting or interdependent system components forming an integrated whole Systems share common characteristics Structure:More than two components Function or behavior:integrated Functions Systems exist everywhere.They include many subsystems 6
6 System • System is a set of interacting or interdependent system components forming an integrated whole • Systems share common characteristics ¾ Structure: More than two components ¾ Function or behavior: integrated Functions Systems exist everywhere. They include many subsystems
What is an ecosystem? An ecosystem consists of the interaction between living organisms,and their relationship to non-living components 生态系统(ecosystem)就是在一定空间中共同栖居 着的所有生物(即生物群落)与其环境之间由于不断 地进行物质循环和能量流动过程而形成的统一整体。 In essence,ecosystems describe the flow of energy and cycling of chemicals through that system
7 What is an ecosystem? An ecosystem consists of the interaction between living organisms, and their relationship to non-living components 生态系统 (ecosystem ecosystem)就是在一定空间中共同栖居 )就是在一定空间中共同栖居 着的所有生物(即生物群落)与其环境之间由于不断 着的所有生物(即生物群落)与其环境之间由于不断 地进行物质循环和能量流动过程而形成的统一整体。 地进行物质循环和能量流动过程而形成的统一整体。 In essence, ecosystems describe the flow of energy and cycling of chemicals through that system
Ecosystem A basic unit of ecology defined as a system of living organism interacting with the physical,chemical,biological and sociological environment. A conceptual tool and it has no physical boundary. 英国植物生态学家A.G.Tanslay1935 生物与环境构成一个不可分割的整体 8
8 A basic unit of ecology defined as a A basic unit of ecology defined as a system of living organism interacting system of living organism interacting with the physical, chemical, biological with the physical, chemical, biological and sociological environment. and sociological environment. A conceptual tool and it has no A conceptual tool and it has no physical boundary. physical boundary. •英国植物生态学家A.G. Tanslay 1935 •生物与环境构成一个不可分割的整体 Ecosystem