temIs Summary 在希腊神话中,尼俄柏( Niobe)是底比斯王安菲翁的妻子,因生有七子七 女而十分自豪,并因此傲慢地嘲笑太阳神阿波罗的母亲女神勒托只生了一儿 女,还阻止底比斯人向勒托奉献祭品。女神勒托因此大怒,命令儿子阿波罗用箭 射死尼俄柏所有的儿子,女儿阿耳忒弥斯射死尼俄柏的全部女儿。尼俄柏因此整 天哭泣,主神就把她变成了石像。“尼俄柏”在后来的文艺艺术作品中就变成了痛 苦和悲伤的代名词。 狩猎、月亮女神阿耳忒弥斯(与雅典娜- Athena、和灶神赫斯提- Hestia并为 个处女神)一如当年捍卫母亲勒托的尊严一样,保护自己的贞洁之身不受侵犯 任何贸然闯入者,不管有意还是无心,都将死的可悲可怜。 Selected Reading Artemis(Diana), Apollo's sister, went armed with bow and arrows and, had the ower both to send plagues or sudden death among mortals, and to heal them. She was the protectress of little children, and of all sucking animals, but she also loved the chaste, especially that of stags. While she was still a three-year-old child, she asked Zeus, her father, for and was granted eternal rginity. Here is one story that tel she punished a young hunter who dared to intrude though unintentionally upon her privacy It was midday, and the sun stood equally distant from either goal, when young Actaeon, son of Kin Cadmus, thus addressed the youths who with him were hunting the stag in the mountains ""Friends. our nets and our weapons are wet with the blood of our victims, we have had sports enough for one day, and tomorrow we can renew our labors. Now, while Phoebus parches the earth, let us put by our implements and indulge ourselves with rest here was a valley thick enclosed with cypresses and pines, sacred to the huntress queen, Artemis. In the extremity of the valley was a cave, not adorned with art. but nature had counterfeited art in its construction for she had turned the arch of its roof with stones as delicately fitted as if by the hand of man. A fountain burst out from one side, whose open basin was bounded y a grassy rim. Here the goddess of the woods used to come when weary with hunting and lave her virgin limbs in the sparkling water One day, having repaired thither with her nymphs, Diana handed her javelin, her quiver, and her bow to one. her robe to another. while a third unbounded the sandals from her feet. Then Crocale. the most skillful of
12 3. Artemis1 Summary 在希腊神话中，尼俄柏（Niobe）是底比斯王安菲翁的妻子，因生有七子七 女而十分自豪，并因此傲慢地嘲笑太阳神阿波罗的母亲女神勒托只生了一儿一 女，还阻止底比斯人向勒托奉献祭品。女神勒托因此大怒，命令儿子阿波罗用箭 射死尼俄柏所有的儿子，女儿阿耳忒弥斯射死尼俄柏的全部女儿。尼俄柏因此整 天哭泣，主神就把她变成了石像。“尼俄柏”在后来的文艺艺术作品中就变成了痛 苦和悲伤的代名词。 狩猎、月亮女神阿耳忒弥斯（与雅典娜-Athena、和灶神赫斯提-Hestia 并为 三个处女神）一如当年捍卫母亲勒托的尊严一样，保护自己的贞洁之身不受侵犯。 任何贸然闯入者，不管有意还是无心，都将死的可悲可怜。 Selected Reading Artemis (Diana), Apollo’s sister, went armed with bow and arrows and, had the power both to send plagues2 or sudden death among mortals, and to heal them. She was the protectress of little children, and of all sucking animals, but she also loved the chaste3 , especially that of stags4 . While she was still a three-year-old child, she asked Zeus, her father, for and was granted eternal virginity. Here is one story that tells how she punished a young hunter who dared to intrude though unintentionally upon her privacy. It was midday, and the sun stood equally distant from either goal, when young Actaeon, son of King Cadmus, thus addressed the youths who with him were hunting the stag in the mountains, “Friends, our nets and our weapons are wet with the blood of our victims; we have had sports enough for one day, and tomorrow we can renew our labors. Now, while Phoebus5 parches6 the earth, let us put by our implements and indulge ourselves with rest.” There was a valley thick enclosed with cypresses and pines, sacred to the huntress queen, Artemis. In the extremity of the valley was a cave, not adorned with art, but nature had counterfeited7 art in its construction, for she had turned the arch of its roof with stones, as delicately fitted as if by the hand of man. A fountain burst out from one side, whose open basin was bounded by a grassy rim. Here the goddess of the woods used to come when weary with hunting and lave8 her virgin limbs in the sparkling water. One day, having repaired thither9 with her nymphs, Diana handed her javelin, her quiver, and her bow to one, her robe to another, while a third unbounded the sandals from her feet. Then Crocale, the most skillful of
hem, arranged her hair, and Nephele, Hyale, and the rest drew water in capacious urns. While the goddess was thus employed in the labors of the toilet, behold Actaeon, having quitted his companions, and rambling without any special object, came to the place, led thither by his destiny. as he presented himself at the entrance of the cave, the nymphs, seeing a man, screamed and rushed towards the goddess to hide er with their bodies, but she was taller than the rest and overtopped them all by a head. Such a color as tinges the clouds at sunset or at dawn came over the ntenance of Diana thus taken by surprise. Surrounded as she was by her nymphs she yet turned half away, and sought with a sudden impulse for her arrows. As they were not at hand, she dashed the water into the face of the intruder, adding these words, "Now go and tell, if you can, that you have seen Diana unappareled Immediately a pair of branching stag's horns grew out of his head, his neck gained in length, his ears grew sharp-pointed, his hands became feet, his arms long legs, his body was covered with a hairy spotted hide. Fear took the place of his former boldness, and the hero fled. He could not but admire his own speed but when he saw his horns in the water. "Ah. wretched me! "he would have said. but no sound followed the effort. He groaned and tears flowed down the face which had taken the place of his own. Yet his consciousness remained. What shall he do?---go home to seek the palace, or lie hid in the woods? The latter he was afraid, the former he was ashamed to do while he hesitated the dogs saw him First Melampus, a Spartan dog, gave the signal with his bark, then Pamphagus, Dorceus Lelaps, Theron, Nape, Tigris, and all the rest, rushed after him swifter than the wind. Over rock cliffs, through mountain gorges, he fled and they followed Where he had often chased the stag and cheered onhis pack, his cheered on by huntsmen. He longed to cry out, " 4st am Actaeon; recognize your master! "But the words came not at his will. The air resounded with the bark of the dogs. Presently one fastened on his back, another seized his shoulder. While they held their master, the rest of the pack came up and buried their teeth in his flesh. He groaned---not in a human voice, yet certainly not in stag's---and falling on his knees, raised his eyes, and would have raised his arms in supplication if he had had them. His friends and fellow-huntsmen cheered on the dogs and looked every where for Actaeon calling on him to join the sport. At the sound of his name he turned his head, and heard them regret that he should be away. he earnestly wished he was. He would have been well pleased to see the exploits of his dogs, but to feel them was too much. They were all around him, rending and tearing, and it was not till they had torn his life out that the anger of diana was satisfied NOTES 1阿尔忒弥斯虽然希望自己永葆贞洁,但看到令人心仪的男子时也会动心。她曾暗恋牧羊人 恩底弥翁( Endymion),由于凡人终将面对衰老死亡,于是她向宙斯请求赐与安迪弥恩永恒
13 them, arranged her hair, and Nephele, Hyale, and the rest drew water in capacious urns. While the goddess was thus employed in10 the labors of the toilet, behold Actaeon, having quitted his companions, and rambling without any special object, came to the place, led thither by his destiny. As he presented himself at the entrance of the cave, the nymphs, seeing a man, screamed and rushed towards the goddess to hide her with their bodies, but she was taller than the rest and overtopped them all by a head. Such a color as tinges11 the clouds at sunset or at dawn came over the countenance of Diana thus taken by surprise. Surrounded as she was by her nymphs, she yet turned half away, and sought with a sudden impulse for her arrows. As they were not at hand, she dashed the water into the face of the intruder, adding these words, “Now go and tell, if you can, that you have seen Diana unappareled12.” Immediately a pair of branching stag’s horns grew out of his head, his neck gained in length, his ears grew sharp-pointed, his hands became feet, his arms long legs, his body was covered with a hairy spotted hide13. Fear took the place of his former boldness, and the hero fled. He could not but admire his own speed; but when he saw his horns in the water, “Ah, wretched14 me!” he would have said, but no sound followed the effort. He groaned, and tears flowed down the face which had taken the place of his own. Yet his consciousness remained. What shall he do?---go home to seek the palace, or lie hid in the woods? The latter he was afraid, the former he was ashamed to do. While he hesitated the dogs saw him. First Melampus, a Spartan dog, gave the signal with his bark, then Pamphagus, Dorceus, Lelaps, Theron, Nape, Tigris, and all the rest, rushed after him swifter than the wind. Over rock cliffs, through mountain gorges, he fled and they followed. Where he had often chased the stag and cheered on15 his pack, his pack now chased him, cheered on by huntsmen. He longed to cry out, “I am Actaeon; recognize your master!” But the words came not at his will. The air resounded with the bark of the dogs. Presently one fastened on his back, another seized his shoulder. While they held their master, the rest of the pack came up and buried their teeth in his flesh. He groaned---not in a human voice, yet certainly not in stag’s---and falling on his knees, raised his eyes, and would have raised his arms in supplication16, if he had had them. His friends and fellow-huntsmen cheered on the dogs, and looked everywhere for Actaeon calling on him to join the sport. At the sound of his name he turned his head, and heard them regret that he should be away. He earnestly wished he was. He would have been well pleased to see the exploits17 of his dogs, but to feel them was too much. They were all around him, rending and tearing; and it was not till they had torn his life out that the anger of Diana was satisfied. NOTES 1.阿尔忒弥斯虽然希望自己永葆贞洁，但看到令人心仪的男子时也会动心。她曾暗恋牧羊人 恩底弥翁（Endymion），由于凡人终将面对衰老死亡，于是她向宙斯请求赐与安迪弥恩永恒
的青春;但宙斯提醒除了长眠不醒外,根本没有凡人能够长生 不老。于是阿尔忒弥斯便使恩底弥翁进入永久的沉睡。在睡眠 状态中的恩底弥翁依然保持着俊美的面容,嘴角似乎还挂着 丝欣慰的笑意,阿尔忒弥斯被恩底弥翁的美貌深深地打动了, 于是她每天夜里都会到山洞里静静地盯着恩底弥翁看上好 阵子(可见济慈1818年5月发表长诗《恩底弥翁》)。除了爱 慕恩底弥翁外,阿尔忒弥斯还热恋过一个名叫俄里翁的青年 当他们决定在一起时,阿波罗表示强烈反对。阿波罗为了保住 阿尔忒弥斯的贞洁,决定施计利用阿尔忒弥斯的手除掉俄里 翁。于是有一次,阿波罗看到俄里翁在湖底下行走,湖面上只 露出了俄里翁的头顶,慢慢地俄里翁越游越远,头顶看起来就 像一个小黑点,于是阿波罗便欺骗阿尔忒弥斯说她一定无法射中那个黑点,阿尔忒弥斯不服 气,为了证明自己的箭法,她拿起放在一边的弓箭,然后对准黑点一箭射了过去,直到她听 见俄里翁的一声惨叫,阿尔忒弥斯这才发觉她竞然上了阿波罗的当,而这时一切为时已晚 俄里翁沉入了海底。阿尔忒弥斯痛不欲生,她永远也无法原谅自己居然杀死了自己最心爱的 人,为了惩罚自己的过失,阿尔忒弥斯不再让任何凡间男子看到她,她下毒咒如果有谁不小 心看到了她,那么这个人一定会变成疯子、傻子、甚至死亡。阿耳忒弥斯心胸狭隘,报复心 强,许多冒犯她的人或忘了膜拜她的人都会被处以死刑或惨遭惩罚。不过她作为带有保护 面的女神也有温柔善良的一面,许多女巫会将阿耳忒弥斯或狄安娜尊为“三位一体女神”(即 月神、养育神和保护神),她鼓励狩猎、女权主义和巫术传统, 2瘟疫 serious infection 3纯洁、贞洁 purity 4牡鹿 male deer 5福波斯(希腊神话中的太阳神) 6烘干、烤干 make dry 7仿造的 copied 8沐浴wash 9. there 10忙于、从事于 1淡色 light color 12脱去衣服的 naked 13兽皮 14可怜的 being of poor quality 15鼓励、为.加油、打气 16祈求、祈祷 a humble request for help from someone in authority 17功勋、英雄壮举、功绩 Questions for review and discussion Diana is now a symbol of celibacy. Yet, she herself had some affairs, the most famous one involving Endymion. Could you explain this contradiction with similar cases of other gods and goddesses?
14 的青春；但宙斯提醒除了长眠不醒外，根本没有凡人能够长生 不老。于是阿尔忒弥斯便使恩底弥翁进入永久的沉睡。在睡眠 状态中的恩底弥翁依然保持着俊美的面容，嘴角似乎还挂着一 丝欣慰的笑意，阿尔忒弥斯被恩底弥翁的美貌深深地打动了， 于是她每天夜里都会到山洞里静静地盯着恩底弥翁看上好一 阵子（可见济慈 1818 年 5 月发表长诗《恩底弥翁》）。除了爱 慕恩底弥翁外，阿尔忒弥斯还热恋过一个名叫俄里翁的青年。 当他们决定在一起时，阿波罗表示强烈反对。阿波罗为了保住 阿尔忒弥斯的贞洁，决定施计利用阿尔忒弥斯的手除掉俄里 翁。于是有一次，阿波罗看到俄里翁在湖底下行走，湖面上只 露出了俄里翁的头顶，慢慢地俄里翁越游越远，头顶看起来就 像一个小黑点，于是阿波罗便欺骗阿尔忒弥斯说她一定无法射中那个黑点，阿尔忒弥斯不服 气，为了证明自己的箭法，她拿起放在一边的弓箭，然后对准黑点一箭射了过去，直到她听 见俄里翁的一声惨叫，阿尔忒弥斯这才发觉她竟然上了阿波罗的当，而这时一切为时已晚， 俄里翁沉入了海底。阿尔忒弥斯痛不欲生，她永远也无法原谅自己居然杀死了自己最心爱的 人，为了惩罚自己的过失，阿尔忒弥斯不再让任何凡间男子看到她，她下毒咒如果有谁不小 心看到了她，那么这个人一定会变成疯子、傻子、甚至死亡。阿耳忒弥斯心胸狭隘，报复心 强，许多冒犯她的人或忘了膜拜她的人都会被处以死刑或惨遭惩罚。不过她作为带有保护一 面的女神也有温柔善良的一面，许多女巫会将阿耳忒弥斯或狄安娜尊为“三位一体女神”（即 月神、养育神和保护神），她鼓励狩猎、女权主义和巫术传统。 2.瘟疫 serious infection 3.纯洁、贞洁 purity 4.牡鹿 male deer 5.福波斯（希腊神话中的太阳神） 6.烘干、烤干 make dry 7.仿造的 copied 8.沐浴 wash 9.there 10.忙于、从事于 11.淡色 light color 12.脱去衣服的 naked 13.兽皮 14.可怜的 being of poor quality 15.鼓励、为…加油、打气 16.祈求、祈祷 a humble request for help from someone in authority 17.功勋、英雄壮举、功绩 Questions for review and discussion Diana is now a symbol of celibacy. Yet, she herself had some affairs, the most famous one involving Endymion. Could you explain this contradiction with similar cases of other gods and goddesses?