0 花华院 Organic Chemistry,6th Edition L.G.Wade,Jr. Chapter 5 The Study of Chemical Reactions By Junru Wang Email:wangjr07@163.com
By Junru Wang Email: wangjr07@163.com Chapter 5 The Study of Chemical Reactions Organic Chemistry, 6th Edition L. G. Wade, Jr
0环4 Key Notes 花率院 ▣Mechanism ■Homolytic cleavage Heterolytic cleavage Intermediate Transition state
Key Notes Mechanism Homolytic cleavage Heterolytic cleavage Intermediate Transition state
0+9 Content 发华院。 ■[ntroduction Classification of reactions Mechanisms:step-by-step pathway oIntermediate?Transition state? ●Thermodynamics ●Kinetics
Content Introduction Classification of reactions Mechanisms：step-by-step pathway Intermediate? Transition state? Thermodynamics Kinetics
司4t Introduction 花黎院 Reactants->Products:overall reaction. Mechanism:step-by-step pathway. To learn more about a reaction: ●Thermodynamics ●Kinetics
Introduction Reactants Products: overall reaction. Mechanism: step-by-step pathway. To learn more about a reaction: Thermodynamics Kinetics
0 Reactions 程华院 Bond formation Synthetic organic chemistry is about creating complex molecules from simple starting materials -a process which may involve many different reactions. Designing a synthesis is a bit like chess. a synthetic 'game strategy
Reactions Bond formation Bond formation Synthetic organic chemistry is about creating complex molecules from simple starting materials - a process which may involve many different reactions. Designing a synthesis is a bit like chess. a synthetic 'game strategy
0不+ Reactions 花院 Bond formation Basically,most reactions involve electron- rich molecules forming bonds to electron deficient molecules (i.e.nucleophiles forming bonds to electrophiles). The bond will be formed specifically between the nucleophilic center of the nucleophile and the electrophilic center of the electrophile
Reactions Bond formation Basically, most reactions involve electronrich molecules forming bonds to electron deficient molecules (i.e. nucleophiles forming bonds to electrophiles). The bond will be formed specifically between the nucleophilic center of the nucleophile and the electrophilic center of the electrophile
0环行 Sec 1 Classification 院。 Reactions can be classified as ■Acid/base reactions Functional group transformations; one functional group can be converted into another. oNormally these reactions are relatively straightforward and proceed in high yield carbon-carbon bond formations
Sec 1 Classification Reactions can be classified as Acid/base reactions Functional group transformations; one functional group can be converted into another. Normally these reactions are relatively straightforward and proceed in high yield carbon-carbon bond formations
Reaction category/Functional groups Electrophilic addition Alkenes and alkynes Electrophilic Aromatic substitution Nucleophlic addition Aldehydes and ketones Nucleophilic Carboxylic acid derivatives,Alkyl substitution halides Elimination Alcohols and alkyl halides Reduction Alkenes,alkynes,aromatic,aldehydes, ketones,nitriles,carboxylic acids, and carboxylic acid derivatives, Oxidation Alkenes,alcohols,aldehydes Acid/base reactions Carboxylic acids,phenols,amines
Acid/base reactions Carboxylic acids, phenols, amines Oxidation Alkenes, alcohols, aldehydes Alkenes,alkynes, aromatic, aldehydes, ketones, nitriles, carboxylic acids, and carboxylic acid derivatives, Reduction Elimination Alcohols and alkyl halides Carboxylic acid derivatives, Alkyl halides Nucleophilic substitution Nucleophlic addition Aldehydes and ketones Electrophilic Aromatic substitution Electrophilic addition Alkenes and alkynes Reaction category/ Functional groups
Examples ■Alkenes C=C ■Alkynes C三C ■Aromatic C6H6 0 Aldehydes and ketones C=0 ■Alkyl halides RX
Examples Alkenes C=C Alkynes C三C Aromatic C6H6 Aldehydes and ketones C=O Alkyl halides RX
0不t车 Addition 花率院。 X-Y Elimination + :Br: Br-Br: :Br: C=C An alkene A bromonium ion 8 Br Alkene Productlike transition state Carbocation