Media(2) Chapter 16 Xiao Huiyun December 2005
Media (2) Chapter 16 Xiao Huiyun December. 2005
口 Introduction The growth of mass circulation news-papers in Britain was a direct result of the process of industrialisation during the 18th and 19th centuries During the 18th century, newspaper readership had been largely confined to the upper classes and wealthier sections of the middle class In the early years the newspaper industry was subject to a great deal of govern-mental control
Introduction ◼ The growth of mass circulation news-papers in Britain was a direct result of the process of industrialisation during the 18th and 19th centuries. ◼ During the 18th century, newspaper readership had been largely confined to the upper classes and wealthier sections of the middle class ◼ In the early years the newspaper industry was subject to a great deal of govern-mental control
Introduction However, in the years following the French Revolution(1789), a radical press developed in Britain, concerned to propagate ideas of socia reform and social justice The radical papers were developing at the same time as the Trade Unions, and were often used as their mouthpieces and as a means of political education
Introduction ◼ However, in the years following the French Revolution (1789), a radical press developed in Britain, concerned to propagate ideas of social reform and social justice. ◼ The radical papers were developing at the same time as the Trade Unions, and were often used as their mouthpieces and as a means of political education
a National Newspapers he Guardian The observer co uk The Independent The times The Sunday Times Daily Telegraph Financial Times Daily Express Daily Mail Daily Mirror Sunday Mirror Daily Star News of the World The sun
National Newspapers ◼ The Guardian The Observer.co.uk The Independent The Times The Sunday Times Daily Telegraph Financial Times Daily Express Daily Mail Daily Mirror Sunday Mirror Daily Star News of The World The Sun
Ownership- from Press Barons to Media moghuls Private, not public, ownership The press in Britain, unlike broadcasting, has always been wholly privately owned and thus is a commercial enterprise rather than a public service At the beginning of this century newspaper ownership was in the hands of powerful men such as Lord northcliffe, who were known as Press Barons. They were in the newspaper business both to make money and, to be influential
Ownership– from Press Barons to Media Moghuls ◼ Private, not public , ownership ◼ The press in Britain, unlike broadcasting, has always been wholly privately owned and thus is a commercial enterprise rather than a public service . ◼ At the beginning of this century newspaper ownership was in the hands of powerful men, such as Lord Northcliffe, who were known as Press Barons. They were in the newspaper business both to make money and, to be influential. ◼
Ownership- from Press Barons to Media moghuls Commercial media ownership has increasingly tended towards concentration and conglomeration News International (see p 259)is one example of a global multi -media conglomerate Its owner, Rupert Murdoch, also has interests in computer software, energy and transport, as well as book publishing
Ownership– from Press Barons to Media Moghuls ◼ Commercial media ownership has increasingly tended towards concentration and conglomeration . ◼ News International (see p 259) is one example of a global multi - media conglomerate. ◼ Its owner, Rupert Murdoch, also has interests in computer software, energy and transport, as well as book publishing
H How the Press is Funded The two main sources of revenue are the cover price: the tabloids are cheaper but, because of their wider circulation a larger percentage of their revenue comes from this source; advertising: this is the main source of revenue for most publications
How the Press is Funded ◼ The two main sources of revenue are : ◼ the cover price : the tabloids are cheaper but, because of their wider circulation, a larger percentage of their revenue comes from this source; ◼ advertising : this is the main source of revenue for most publications ◼
a The Code of Advertising Practice Advertising in the press has to conform to certain standards of the Code of Advertising Practice The Code's basic principles require adverts to be: legal, honest and truthful to observe a sense of responsibility to the consumer and society to conform to the principles of fair competition as generally accepted in business
The Code of Advertising Practice ◼ Advertising in the press has to conform to certain standards of the Code of Advertising Practice. ◼ The Code’s basic principles require adverts to be: ◼ legal , honest and truthful ◼ to observe a sense of responsibility to the consumer and society ◼ to conform to the principles of fair competition as generally accepted in business
a Types of Newspapers-- Range There are 10 major national daily papers and 10 major Sunday papers, and about 2, 000 smaller weekly papers More national and regional daily newspapers are sold in Britain than in most other developed countries Other examples are: Provincial Mornings, Local Evenings, Local weeklies, Political Press Community press, etc
Types of Newspapers -- Range ◼ There are 10 major national daily papers and 10 major Sunday papers, and about 2,000 smaller weekly papers . ◼ More national and regional daily newspapers are sold in Britain than in most other developed countries. ◼ Other examples are: Provincial Mornings , Local Evenings , Local weeklies , Political Press , Community Press , etc ◼
a Quality Press and Popular Press The two types of papers are different in cost, size, content, style and purpose. P260 Quality papers- Telegraph, Independent, Guardian, The Times, Financial Times, Sunday Telegraph, Observer Popular papers -Sun, Mirror, Express, Mail, Star, News of the World, Sunday Mirror, Sunday Express, Mail on Sunday, Sunday people, News on S
Quality Press and Popular Press ◼ The two types of papers are different in cost, size, content, style and purpose. P260 ◼ Quality papers -- Telegraph, Independent, Guardian, The Times, Financial Times, Sunday Telegraph, Observer ◼ Popular papers --Sun, Mirror, Express, Mail, Star, News of the World, Sunday Mirror, Sunday Express, Mail on Sunday, Sunday People, News on Sunday