Unit 9 Section a Premarital agreements Warm-up Questions Background Information 1.premarital agreements Premarital agreements or prenuptial agreements are binding legal contracts between two people who intend to marry each other. WHAT ARE PREMARITAL AGREEMENTS? Pre-Marital Agreements(also called "pre-nuptial"or ante -nuptial agreements )are binding legal contracts between you and the one you intend to marry Among the purposes people have in wanting such written agreements is to try to ensure that their assets remain theirs if the marriage fails, to provide that the ir assets or at least a large portion of them, go to their children in the event of death, and to work out arrangements for matters that may become problems after the marriage. For some, it is a smart and practical way to acknowledge the fact that nearly half of all marriages end in divorce WHAT IS TYPICALLY COVERED? Pre-Marital Agreements ty pica lly cover at least several of the following topics (1) Prior marital history, and f amily circumstances, (2) What property and prospects each spouse is bringing into the marriage (wHo will own the investment earnings from such property (4What will happen with the earnings of each spouse, (5) What happens with property one spouse may inherit Where the couple will reside (7) How taxes will be handled (e. g. joint or separate returns) (8) The level of support in the event of a divorce, and (9 What happens to debts owed before the marriage and those thereaf ter incurred Where one or the other party is marry ing for a second or third time, commonly provisions will be found bequeathing certain assets to a child of a previous marriage rather than to the new spouse 2. Jacqueline Kennedy onassis born on July 28, 1929, Jacqueline bouvier Kennedy was first lady of the United States during the administration(1961-1963)of her first husband john F Kennedy. She had been a newspaper reporter and photographer before their marriage in 1953
Unit 9 Section A Premarital Agreements Warm-up Questions & Background Information 1.premarital agreements Premarital agreements or prenuptial agreements are binding legal contracts between two people who intend to marry each other.. WHAT ARE PREMARITAL AGREEMENTS? Pre-Marital Agreements (also called "pre-nuptial" or "ante-nuptial agreements") are binding legal contracts between you and the one you intend to marry. Among the purposes people have in wanting such written agreements is to try to ensure that their assets remain theirs if the marriage fails, to provide that their assets, or at least a large portion of them, go to their children in the event of death, and to work out arrangements for matters that may become problems af ter the marriage. For some, it is a smart and practical way to acknowledge the fact that nearly half of all marriages end in divorce. WHAT IS TYPICALLY COVERED? Pre-Marital Agreements typically cover at least several of the following topics: (1) Prior marital history, and family circumstances, (2) What property and prospects each spouse is bringing into the marriage, (3) Who will own the investment earnings f rom such property, (4) What will happen with the earnings of each spouse, (5) What happens with property one spouse may inherit, (6) What happens in the event of death of a spouse, (7) Where the couple will reside, (7) How taxes will be handled (e.g. joint or separate returns), (8) The level of support in the event of a divorce, and (9) What happens to debts owed before the marriage and those thereaf ter incurred. Where one or the other party is marrying for a second or third time, commonly provisions will be found bequeathing certain assets to a child of a previous marriage rather than to the new spouse. 2. Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis Born on July 28, 1929, Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy was first lady of the United States during the administration (1961-1963) of her first husband, John F. Kennedy. She had been a newspaper reporter and photographer before their marriage in 1953
As first lady she was a patron of the arts and an international fashion-trendsetter Under her supervis ion the white House was restored and redecorated and dec lared a national museum. she was riding beside President Kenney when he was assassinated in dallas Texas on nov 22, 1963. In 1968 she married the greek shipping millionaire Aristotle Onassis. After her second husband's death, in 1975, she worked as an editor in book publishing Do you know Jacqueline and President Kennedy The inauguration of John F Kennedy in 1961 brought to the White House and to the heart of the nation a beautiful young wife and the first young children of a President in half a century She was bom Jacqueline Lee Bouvier, daughter of John Vernon Bouvier Ill and his wife, Janet Lee. Her early years were divided between New York City and East Hampton, Long Island, where she leamed to ride almost as soon as she could walk. she was educated at the best of private schools; she wrote poems and stories, drew illustrations for them and studied ballet. Her mother, who had obtained a divorce, married Hugh D. Auchincloss in 1942 and brought her two girls to"Merrywood, " his home near Washington, D.C., with summers spent at his estate in Newport, Rhode Island. Jacqueline was dubbed"the Debutante of the Year"f the 1947-1948 season, but her social success did not keep her from continuing her education. As a Vassar student she traveled extensively, and she spent her junior year in France before graduating from George Washington University. These experiences left her with a great empathy for people of foreign countries, especially the French In Washington she took a job as"inquiring photographer"for a local news paper. Her path soo crossed that of Senator Kennedy, who had the reputation of being the most eligible bachelor in the capital. Their romance progressed slowly and privately, but their wedding at Newport in 1953 attracted nationwide publicity With marriage "Jackie"had to adapt herself to the new role of wife to one of the country's most energetic political figures. Her own public appearances were highly successful, but limited in number. After the sadness of a miscarriage and the stillbirth of a daughter, Caroline Bouvier was born in 1957; John Jr was born between the election of 1960 and Inauguration Day Patrick Bouvier, born prematurely on August 7, 1963, died two days later To the role of First Lady, Jacqueline Kennedy brought beauty, intelligence, and cultivated taste. Her interest in the arts, publicized by press and television, inspired an attention to culture never before evident at a national level. She devoted much time and study to making the White House a museum of American history and decorative arts as well as a family
As first lady, she was a patron of the arts and an international fashion-trendsetter. Under her supervision the White House was restored and redecorated and declared a national museum. She was riding beside President Kenney when he was assassinated in Dallas, Texas, on Nov 22, 1963. In 1968 she married the Greek shipping millionaire Aristotle Onassis. Af ter her second husband’s death, in 1975,she worked as an editor in book publishing. Do you know Jacqueline and President Kennedy ? The inauguration of John F. Kennedy in 1961 brought to the White House and to the heart of the nation a beautiful young wife and the first young children of a President in half a century. She was born Jacqueline Lee Bouvier, daughter of John Vernon Bouvier III and his wife, Janet Lee. Her early years were divided between New York City and East Hampton, Long Island, where she learned to ride almost as soon as she could walk. She was educated at the best of private schools; she wrote poems and stories, drew illustrations for them, and studied ballet. Her mother, who had obtained a divorce, married Hugh D. Auchincloss in 1942 and brought her two girls to "Merrywood," his home near Washington, D.C., with summers spent at his estate in Newport, Rhode Island. Jacqueline was dubbed "the Debutante of the Year" for the 1947-1948 season, but her social success did not keep her from continuing her education. As a Vassar student she traveled extensively, and she spent her junior year in France before graduating from George Washington University. These experiences left her with a great empathy for people of foreign countries, especially the French. In Washington she took a job as "inquiring photographer" for a local newspaper. Her path soon crossed that of Senator Kennedy, who had the reputation of being the most eligible bachelor in the capital. Their romance progressed slowly and privately, but their wedding at Newport in 1953 attracted nationwide publicity. With marriage "Jackie" had to adapt herself to the new role of wife to one of the country's most energetic political figures. Her own public appearances were highly successful, but limited in number. After the sadness of a miscarriage and the stillbirth of a daughter, Caroline Bouvier was born in 1957; John Jr. was born between the election of 1960 and Inauguration Day. Patrick Bouvier, born prematurely on August 7, 1963, died two days later. To the role of First Lady, Jacqueline Kennedy brought beauty, intelligence, and cultivated taste. Her interest in the arts, publicized by press and television, inspired an attention to culture never before evident at a national level. She devoted much time and study to making the White House a museum of American history and decorative arts as well as a family
residence of elegance and charm. But she defined her major role as"to take care of the President"and added that"if you bungle raising your children, I don' t think whatever else you do well matters very much Mrs. Kennedy's gallant courage during the tragedy of her husband's assassination won her the admiration of the word. Thereafter it seemed the public would never allow her the privacy she desired for herself and her children. She moved to New York City, and in 1968 she married the wealthy Greek businessman, Aristotle Onassis, 23 years her senior, who died in March 1975 From 1978 until her death in 1994, Mrs. Onassis worked in New York City as an editor for Doubleday. At her funeral her son described three of her attributes: "love of words, the bonds of home and family and her spirit of adventure John Kennedy On November 22, 1963, when he was hardly past his first thous and days in office, John Fitzgerald Kennedy was killed by an assassins bullets as his motorcade wound through Dallas Texas. Kennedy was the youngest man elected President; he was the youngest to die Of Irish descent, he was born in Brookline, Massachusetts, on May 29, 1917. Graduating from Harvard in 1940, he entered the Navy. In 1943, when his PT boat was rammed and sunk by a Japanese destroyer, Kennedy, despite grave injuries, led the survivors through perilous waters to safety Back from the war, he became a Democratic Congressman from the Boston area, advancing in 1953 to the Senate. He married Jacqueline Bouvier on September 12, 1953. In 1955, while recuperating from a back operation, he wrote Profiles in Courage, which won the Pulitzer Prize in history In 1956 Kennedy almost gained the Democratic nomination for vice President, and four years later was a first-ballot no minee for president millions watched his television debates with th Republican candidate, Richard M. Nixon. Winning by a narrow margin in the popular vote. Kennedy became the first Roman Catholic President His Inaugural Address offered the memorable injunction: " Ask not what your country can do for you-ask what you can do for your country. As President, he set out to redeem his campaign pledge to get America moving again. His economic programs launched the country on its longest sustained expansion since World War I; before his death, he laid plans for a massive assault on persisting pockets of privation and poverty Responding to ever more urgent demands, he took vigorous action in the cause of equal rights calling for new civil rights legislation. His vision of America extended to the quality of the national culture and the central role of the arts in a vital society
residence of elegance and charm. But she defined her major role as "to take care of the President" and added that "if you bungle raising your children, I don't think whatever else you do well matters very much." Mrs. Kennedy's gallant courage during the tragedy of her husband's assassination won her the admiration of the world. Thereafter it seemed the public would never allow her the privacy she desired for herself and her children. She moved to New York City; and in 1968 she married the wealthy Greek businessman, Aristotle Onassis, 23 years her senior, who died in March 1975. From 1978 until her death in 1994, Mrs. Onassis worked in New York City as an editor for Doubleday. At her funeral her son described three of her attributes: "love of words, the bonds of home and family, and her spirit of adventure." John Kennedy On November 22, 1963, when he was hardly past his first thousand days in office, John Fitzgerald Kennedy was killed by an assassin's bullets as his motorcade wound through Dallas, Texas. Kennedy was the youngest man elected President; he was the youngest to die. Of Irish descent, he was born in Brookline, Massachusetts, on May 29, 1917. Graduating from Harvard in 1940, he entered the Navy. In 1943, when his PT boat was rammed and sunk by a Japanese destroyer, Kennedy, despite grave injuries, led the survivors through perilous waters to safety. Back from the war, he became a Democratic Congressman from the Boston area, advancing in 1953 to the Senate. He married Jacqueline Bouvier on September 12, 1953. In 1955, while recuperating from a back operation, he wrote Profiles in Courage, which won the Pulitzer Prize in history. In 1956 Kennedy almost gained the Democratic nomination for Vice President, and four years later was a first-ballot nominee for President. Millions watched his television debates with the Republican candidate, Richard M. Nixon. Winning by a narrow margin in the popular vote, Kennedy became the first Roman Catholic President. His Inaugural Address offered the memorable injunction: "Ask not what your country can do for you--ask what you can do for your country." As President, he set out to redeem his campaign pledge to get America moving again. His economic programs launched the country on its longest sustained expansion since World War II; before his death, he laid plans for a massive assault on persisting pockets of privation and poverty. Responding to ever more urgent demands, he took vigorous action in the cause of equal rights, calling for new civil rights legislation. His vision of America extended to the quality of the national culture and the central role of the arts in a vital society
He wished America to resume its old mission as the first nation dedicated to the revolution of human rights. With the Alliance for Progress and the Peace Corps, he brought American idealism to the aid of developing nations. But the hard reality of the Communist challenge remained Shortly after his inauguration, Kennedy permitted a band of Cuban exiles, already armed and trained, to invade their homeland The attempt to overthrow the regime of Fidel Castro was a failure. Soon thereaf ter, the Soviet Union renewed its campaign against West Berlin. Kennedy replied by reinforcing the Berlin gamison and increasing the Nation' s military strength, including new efforts in outer space. Confronted by this reaction, Moscow, after the erection of the Berlin Wall, relaxed its pressure in central Europe Instead, the Russians now sought to install nuclear missiles in Cuba. When this was offensive weapons bound for Cuba. While the world trembled on the brink of nuclear war, the Russians backed down and agreed to take the missiles away. The American response to the Cuban crisis evidently persuaded Moscow of the futility of nuclear blackmail Kennedy now contended that both sides had a vital interest in stopping the spread of nuclear weapons and slowing the arms race--a contention which led to the test ban treaty of 1963.The months after the Cuban crisis showed significant progress toward his goal of "a world of law and free choice, banishing the world of war and coercion. " His administration thus saw the beginning of new hope for both the equal rights of Americans and the peace of the world Aristotle onassis Born on January 20, 1906, Aris totle Onassis was a greek shipping mill iona ire who accumulated a fortune of more than $500 million. Born of Greek parents in Turkey, he went to Buenos Aires in 1923 and became a telephone operator there. Soon Onass is estab lis hed a tobacco import bus iness and by 1930s he bought unused freighters at low prices and by the end of World War Ii had amassed great wealth in ship ping. After the war he increased his shipping fleet by purchasing surplus artime freighters. He was also one of the pioneers in the construction of oil supertankers. Nass is used his prof its to acquire hote ls and banks throughout the world, as well as olympic Airways. Onassis, who was divorced in 1960, had a well-publicized friendship w ith the soprano Mar ia Callas. In 1968 he married Jacqueline bouvier Kennedy. Writing Skills a general statement supported by examples Look at the sample composition on page 256. Sample paragraph
He wished America to resume its old mission as the first nation dedicated to the revolution of human rights. With the Alliance for Progress and the Peace Corps, he brought American idealism to the aid of developing nations. But the hard reality of the Communist challenge remained. Shortly after his inauguration, Kennedy permitted a band of Cuban exiles, already armed and trained, to invade their homeland. The attempt to overthrow the regime of Fidel Castro was a failure. Soon thereafter, the Soviet Union renewed its campaign against West Berlin. Kennedy replied by reinforcing the Berlin garrison and increasing the Nation's military strength, including new efforts in outer space. Confronted by this reaction, Moscow, after the erection of the Berlin Wall, relaxed its pressure in central Europe. Instead, the Russians now sought to install nuclear missiles in Cuba. When this was discovered by air reconnaissance in October 1962, Kennedy imposed a quarantine on all offensive weapons bound for Cuba. While the world trembled on the brink of nuclear war, the Russians backed down and agreed to take the missiles away. The American response to the Cuban crisis evidently persuaded Moscow of the futility of nuclear blackmail. Kennedy now contended that both sides had a vital interest in stopping the spread of nuclear weapons and slowing the arms race--a contention which led to the test ban treaty of 1963. The months after the Cuban crisis showed significant progress toward his goal of "a world of law and free choice, banishing the world of war and coercion." His administration thus saw the beginning of new hope for both the equal rights of Americans and the peace of the world. Aristotle Onassis Born on January 20, 1906, Aristotle Onassis was a Greek shipping millionaire who accumulated a fortune of more than $500 million. Born of Greek parents in Turkey, he went to Buenos Aires in 1923 and became a telephone operator there. Soon Onassis established a tobacco import business, and by 1930s he bought unused freighters at low prices and by the end of World War II had amassed great wealth in shipping. Af ter the war he increased his shipping fleet by purchasing surplus wartime freighters. He was also one of the pioneers in the construction of oil supertankers. Onassis used his profits to acquire hotels and banks throughout the world, as well as Olympic Airways. Onassis, who was divorced in 1960, had a well-publicized f riendship with the soprano Maria Callas. In 1968 he married Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy. Writing Skills A general statement supported by examples Look at the sample composition on page 256. Sample paragraph:
Knowledge of ten results only after persistent investigation Albert Einstein after a lengthy examination of the characteristics of matter and energy, formulated his famous Theory of Relativity which now acts as a basis for further research in nuclear phys ics. Using plaster casts of footprints fingerprints and stray strands of hair, a detective pertinaciously pursues the crim ina ls. Investigations into the causes of polio have provided us with the means for prevention and cure of this dreaded disease only after many years of research. As student we too are determined in our investigation to find, retain, and contribute to the store of human knowledge Text structure Analysis The essay focuses on one social phenomenon: prenups or premarital agreements The author uses many different writing techniques such as general-s pecif ic details and genera l-examples to te ll us what prenups are, who want prenups, the po ints to be taken care of bef ore signing prenups and finally a general evaluation of prenups The whole passage can be roughly divided into 4 parts 1. The first part is made up of 4 paragraphs from Paragraph 1 to Paragraph 4. Paragraph 1 is a humorous beginning crazy clauses of premarital agreements, or a joke about what prenups are about. Then the author corrects himself by saying that most of the prenups are about how f inancial assets will be div ided up if a couple divorces. Then Paragraph 3 dea ls with the general definition of prenups: premarital agreements are designed to address the div ision of financial assets when a couple put an end to their marriage. And prenups are negotiated by lawyers for the prospective spouses, and signed before a marriage ceremony. Paragraph 4 is just one example of prenups: Jacquel ine Kennedy onassis won $26 million through he prenups with her second husband Aristotle onassis 2. The second part consists of 4 paragraphs, from Paragraph 5 to Paragraph 8 The 4 paragraphs are a bout who need to have prenups. the author goes into de tail to talk about 4 types of people who need to have prenups before a marriage 3. The third part has 6 paragraphs, from Paragraph 9 to Paragraph 14. The 6 paragraphs deal with what points should be taken care of when one goes into a premarital agreement. 4. The fourth part is made up of 2 paragraphs Paragraph 15 and Paragraph 16 They are about the general evalua tions of prenups one negative and the other positive New words 1.co1 lection n.1.收藏品,收集的东西 a fine collection of paintings精美的绘画收藏品 a stamp collection邮票收藏 a collection of poems诗集
Knowledge of ten results only af ter persistent investigation. Albert Einstein, af ter a lengthy examination of the characteristics of matter and energy, formulated his famous Theory of Relativity, which now acts as a basis for further research in nuclear physics. Using plaster casts of footprints, fingerprints, and stray strands of hair, a detective pertinaciously pursues the criminals. Investigations into the causes of polio have provided us with the means for prevention and cure of this dreaded disease only af ter many years of research. As student, we too are determined in our investigation to find, retain, and contribute to the store of human knowledge. Text Structure Analysis The essay focuses on one social phenomenon: prenups or premarital agreements. The author uses many dif ferent writing techniques such as general-specific details and general-examples to tell us what prenups are, who want prenups, the points to be taken care of before signing prenups and finally a general evaluation of prenups. The whole passage can be roughly divided into 4 parts: 1. The first part is made up of 4 paragraphs, f rom Paragraph 1 to Paragraph 4. Paragraph 1 is a humorous beginning — crazy clauses of premarital agreements, or a joke about what prenups are about. Then the author corrects himself by saying that most of the prenups are about how financial assets will be divided up if a couple divorces. Then Paragraph 3 deals with the general definition of prenups: premarital agreements are designed to address the division of financial assets when a couple put an end to their marriage. And prenups are negotiated by lawyers for the prospective spouses, and signed before a marriage ceremony. Paragraph 4 is just one example of prenups: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis won $26 million through her prenups with her second husband Aristotle Onassis. 2. The second part consists of 4 paragraphs, f rom Paragraph 5 to Paragraph 8. The 4 paragraphs are about who need to have prenups. The author goes into detail to talk about 4 types of people who need to have prenups before a marriage. 3. The third part has 6 paragraphs, f rom Paragraph 9 to Paragraph 14. The 6 paragraphs deal with what points should be taken care of when one goes into a premarital agreement. 4. The fourth part is made up of 2 paragraphs, Paragraph 15 and Paragraph 16. They are about the general evaluations of prenups, one negative and the other positive. New Words 1.collection n. 1.收藏品，收集的东西 a fine collection of paintings 精美的绘画收藏品 a stamp collection 邮票收藏 a collection of poems 诗集
2.[U,C]收集,收取 There are two collections a day from this letter-box 这个信筒每天收信两次 co1 Lective a.集体的,共同的 collective action集体活动 n.[C]团体,集体 a workers′ collective工人的集体组织 2. verify vt.证明,证实,核实 The computer verified that the data was loaded correctly. 计算机已查实数据输入正确 [试题]Idon’ t know if the story is true but I will try to t A)identify B)confirm C)conform D)verify 答案:D) verify证实(某事之真伪)。A) identify认出B) confirm确认某事曾经 发生过C) conform(与介词to连用)符合,遵守 3. clause n.条款,款项 The last clause says that the payment should be made within a year. 最后一项规定一年内付款 2.分句,从句 a noun clause名词从句 an attributive clause定语从句 a principal clause主句 4. bind vt.连结,联合,结合 the feelings that bind him to her把他和她结合在一起的感情 2.捆绑,捆扎 bind a to B: bind A and B(together) They bound his legs (together)so he couldnt escape 他们将他的双脚捆在一起,使他无法逃脱。 He was bound to a chair.他被绑在一把椅子上 3.迫使,约東 bind him to pay a debt使他必须还债 [试题] The welfare of the individual is bound up the welfare of the community. A)with B)from C)at D)to 答案:A) be bound up with表示“和.分不开”,是固定搭配 . acceptance n.1.接受,接纳 Since we sent out the invitations we ve received five acceptances and one refusal 我们发出请柬后,得到的回复是五份接受一份拒绝 2.赞同,承认 The new laws gained widespread acceptance 新法例得到广泛的赞同 6. division n.1.分开,划分 the division of weal th财产的分配 2.[C,U分歧,差异 the deep divisions in society today当今社会中巨大的差距
2. [U, C] 收集，收取 There are two collections a day from this letter-box. 这个信筒每天收信两次. collective a.集体的，共同的 collective action 集体活动 n. [C] 团体，集体 a workers’ collective 工人的集体组织 2.verify vt.证明，证实，核实 The computer verified that the data was loaded correctly. 计算机已查实数据输入正确. [试题] I don’t know if the story is true but I will try to _____ it. A)identify B)confirm C)conform D)verify 答案：D)verify 证实（某事之真伪）。 A) identify 认出 B) confirm 确认某事曾经 发生过 C) conform(与介词 to 连用) 符合，遵守 3．clause n.条款，款项 The last clause says that the payment should be made within a year. 最后一项规定一年内付款。 2.分句，从句 a noun clause 名词从句 an attributive clause 定语从句 a principal clause 主句 4．bind vt. 连结，联合，结合 the feelings that bind him to her 把他和她结合在一起的感情 2. 捆绑，捆扎 bind A to B; bind A and B (together) They bound his legs (together) so he couldn’t escape. 他们将他的双脚捆在一起，使他无法逃脱。 He was bound to a chair.他被绑在一把椅子上。 3. 迫使，约束 bind him to pay a debt 使他必须还债 [试题]The welfare of the individual is bound up ______ the welfare of the community. A)with B)from C)at D) to 答案：A) be bound up with 表示“和…分不开”，是固定搭配。 5．acceptance n. 1.接受，接纳 Since we sent out the invitations we've received five acceptances and one refusal. 我们发出请柬后，得到的回复是五份接受一份拒绝。 2.赞同，承认 The new laws gained widespread acceptance. 新法例得到广泛的赞同。 6． division n. 1. 分开，划分 the division of wealth 财产的分配 2. [C, U]分歧，差异 the deep divisions in society today 当今社会中巨大的差距
3.[C]部门 the sales division of our company本公司的销售部 常见译法〉 bureau-局 section-科 division--处 department一部 office--室(或科) 7. headline n.标题:新闻提要 headline news新闻头版头条 the headlines新闻内容提要 hit/make/ reach the headlines成为头条新闻 8. contest v.1.质疑,辩驳 contest a will对遗嘱提出质疑 2.争取,争夺;与………竞争 contest a seat in parliament争取国会席位 n.1.竞赛,比赛(通常由一组评委评定的 a beauty contest选美比赛 2.[C]争夺,竞争 the contest for leadership of the party对党内领袖职务的争夺。 9. candidate n.[C]候选人;参加考试者 offer oneself as a candidate for a post自荐为某职位的候选人 Most candidates passed in grammar.参加考试的人大多数语法及格 [试题] There were five hundred at the state unified examination of cet-4 in our university last year. A)applicants B)attendants C)participants D)candidates 答案:D) candidates考生。题意为:去年我们学校有500名考生参加了全国英语四级 统一考试。A) applicant申请人B) attendant侍者,随从 C)participants参与者 10. sting vt.激怒,刺痛 His words certainly stung her.毫无疑问,他的话刺伤了她。 2.刺伤,蛰伤 a bee stung me on the cheek.一只蜜蜂蛰了我的脸, n.[C]刺痛,刺伤 His tongue has a nasty sting.他说话伤人。 [试题] Harry was by a bee when he was collecting the honey. A)stung B) stuck C) bitten D) scratched 答案:A) stung(原形 sting)刺,蛰,叮.B) stuck( stick)戳,刺C) bitten(bite) 咬D) scratched抓(伤),搔 11. exposure I.[U,C]暴露,曝光,揭露 Exposure to the cold wind left my lips feeling dry. 暴露在寒风中,我觉得嘴唇干裂。 [试题] The doctor told Penny that too much to the sun is bad for the skin A)exposure B) extension C) exhibition D) expansion 答案:A) exposure(to)在(日光,风雨,危险等中)暴露,暴晒B) extension(of) 延长,扩展C) exhibition展览会D) expansion扩张,扩大,膨胀 12. chapter n.1.[C]支部,分会 That building is where the chapter meet on Thursdays 那幢房子是分会在星期四集会的地点
3. [C]部门 the sales division of our company 本公司的销售部 bureau--局 section--科 division--处 department--部 office--室(或科) 7． headline n.标题；新闻提要 headline news 新闻头版头条 the headlines 新闻内容提要 hit/make/reach the headlines 成为头条新闻 8． contest v. 1.质疑，辩驳 contest a will 对遗嘱提出质疑 2.争取，争夺；与……竞争 contest a seat in Parliament 争取国会席位 n. 1.竞赛，比赛(通常由一组评委评定的) a beauty contest 选美比赛 2. [C]争夺，竞争 the contest for leadership of the party 对党内领袖职务的争夺。 9． candidate n. [C]候选人；参加考试者 offer oneself as a candidate for a post 自荐为某职位的候选人 Most candidates passed in grammar.参加考试的人大多数语法及格。 [试题] There were five hundred _____ at the state unified examination of CET-4 in our university last year. A)applicants B)attendants C)participants D)candidates 答案：D)candidates 考生。题意为：去年我们学校有 500 名考生参加了全国英语四级 统一考试。A) applicant 申请人 B)attendant 侍者，随从 C)participants 参与者 10． sting vt.激怒，刺痛 His words certainly stung her. 毫无疑问，他的话刺伤了她。 2.刺伤，蛰伤 A bee stung me on the cheek. 一只蜜蜂蛰了我的脸。 n. [C]刺痛，刺伤 His tongue has a nasty sting.他说话伤人。 [试题] Harry was ____ by a bee when he was collecting the honey. A)stung B) stuck C) bitten D) scratched 答案：A) stung (原形 sting) 刺,蛰,叮. B) stuck(stick) 戳，刺 C)bitten (bite) 咬 D)scratched 抓（伤），搔 11．exposure n. [U, C] 暴露，曝光，揭露 Exposure to the cold wind left my lips feeling dry. 暴露在寒风中，我觉得嘴唇干裂。 [试题] The doctor told Penny that too much ____ to the sun is bad for the skin. A)exposure B) extension C) exhibition D) expansion 答案：A) exposure(to)在（日光，风雨，危险等中）暴露，暴晒 B) extension（of） 延长，扩展 C) exhibition 展览会 D) expansion 扩张，扩大，膨胀 12． chapter n. 1. [C]支部，分会 That building is where the chapter meet on Thursdays. 那幢房子是分会在星期四集会的地点
2.[C]章,回 I've just finished Chapter3.我刚看完第3章。 13. payment r.[C,U支付的款项 The television can be paid for in ten monthly payments of $ 50. 这电视机可月付钱50美元10次付清 We would be grateful for prompt payment of your account. 如即付款不胜感激 14. shield vt.防护,保护,庇护 shield sb/sth(against/from sb/sth) shield one's eyes from the sun with one s hand 用手遮挡阳光保护眼睛 I try to shield him against journalists 我竭力为他挡驾,拦住记者 n.[C]防护物,护罩,盾(状物) a welder’seye- shield电焊工的护目罩 [试题] Motorcyclists should wear he lets te them from injury. A)save B)shield C)shelter D)defend 答案:B). shield保护,防护,与from连用;A)save拯救,与from连用;C) shelter庇护,掩护, 与from连用;D) defend保护,防御,与from连用,指保护某人或物以使其不受到侵犯 15. retire v.1.(使)退休,(使)退役 He will retire from the army next year.他明年从部队退役。 2.退下,离开 I retired to my study upstairs.我回到我楼上的书房 The jury retired (from the courtroom) to consider their verdict. 陪审团退庭以考虑如何裁断 retired a.退休了的 a retired Civil servant退休的公务员 16. enforce vt.1.使生效,实施,执行 The police are there to enforce the law.有警察管执法。 2.强迫,迫使 Ilness enforced him to remain idle.疾病迫使他终日闲着 [试题] They enforced obedience A)on b) to C) into D)in 答案:A). enforce sth.on/ upon sb.(= force sth.on/ upon sb.)表示“把…强加 于某人 17. consul tant n.[C]顾问 a firm of management consultants管理咨询公司 [试题] i think we need to see an investment efore we make an expensive mistake A)guide B)entrepreneur C)consultant D)assessor 答案:C) consultant顾问.A) guide向导,指南B) entrepreneur企业家 D) assessor陪审法官 18. invitation n.1.[U,C]邀请:邀请信 Admission is by invitation only.凭请柬入场
2. [C]章，回 I’ve just finished Chapter 3. 我刚看完第 3 章。 13． payment n. [C, U]支付的款项 The television can be paid for in ten monthly payments of $50. 这电视机可月付钱 50 美元 10 次付清。 We would be grateful for prompt payment of your account. 如即付款不胜感激。 14． shield vt.防护，保护，庇护 shield sb/sth(against/from sb/sth) shield one’s eyes from the sun with one’s hand 用手遮挡阳光保护眼睛 I try to shield him against journalists. 我竭力为他挡驾，拦住记者。 n. [C]防护物，护罩，盾（状物） a welder’s eye-shield 电焊工的护目罩 [试题] Motorcyclists should wear helmets to ____ them from injury. A)save B) shield C)shelter D)defend 答案:B).shield保护,防护,与from连用;A)save拯救, 与from连用;C)shelter庇护,掩护, 与 from 连用;D)defend 保护,防御,与 from 连用,指保护某人或物以使其不受到侵犯 15． retire v. 1. (使)退休，(使)退役 He will retire from the army next year. 他明年从部队退役。 2.退下，离开 I retired to my study upstairs. 我回到我楼上的书房。 The jury retired (from the courtroom) to consider their verdict. 陪审团退庭以考虑如何裁断。 retired a.退休了的 a retired Civil Servant 退休的公务员 16． enforce vt. 1.使生效，实施，执行 The police are there to enforce the law. 有警察管执法。 2.强迫，迫使 Illness enforced him to remain idle. 疾病迫使他终日闲着。 [试题] They enforced obedience _____ me. A)on B) to C) into D)in 答案：A). enforce sth. on/upon sb. (=force sth. on /upon sb.)表示“把…强加 于某人 17． consultant n. [C]顾问 a firm of management consultants 管理咨询公司 [试题] I think we need to see an investment ____ before we make an expensive mistake. A)guide B) entrepreneur C)consultant D) assessor 答案：C)consultant 顾问. A) guide 向导，指南 B) entrepreneur 企业家 D) assessor 陪审法官 18． invitation n. 1. [U, C]邀请；邀请信 Admission is by invitation only.凭请柬入场
2.[C]引诱,诱惑 An open window is an invitation to burglars. 窗户开着,会引来窃贼。 19. cite vt.1.引用,引证 She cited( a verse from) Keats.她引用济慈的诗句 2.(军队的)传令嘉奖 [sait] cIte v.引用;表彰 sight n.视力;情景 sIte n.场地;工地 20. awkward a.1.困窘的,尴尬的 a long awkward silence after their quarrel他们吵架后就是长时间尴尬的沉默 2.难操纵的,使用不便的 The handle of this teapot has an awkward shape 这个壶把儿的形状真别扭。 3.笨拙的,不灵巧的 I was always an awkward dancer.我跳舞总是笨手笨脚 [试题] The shy girl felt and uncomfortable when she could not answer her teacher’ s questions. A)amazed B)awkward C)curious D)amused 答案:B) awkward尷尬的,难为情的。A) amazed惊讶的,惊奇的C) curious( about)好 奇的D) amused(at,by)好玩的,开心的 21. edit vt.编辑,剪辑,校订 edit a Shakespeare play编辑一本莎士比亚剧本 edition n.版本 a first edition初版 a revised edition修订版 editor n.编辑 22. forge vt.1.锻造,锤炼:使形成 forge a sword锻造剑 a friendship forged by adversity患难之中建立的友谊 2.伪造,假冒,仿造 forge a will, SIgnature, banknote,etc伪造遗嘱,签字,钞票等 23. dispute n.[C,U争端,分歧 It's a matter of dispute whether they did the right thing 他们做的还是不对,这是有争议之处 beyond/ past dispute无可争辩的 without dispute毫无疑义的 V.1.争论,争吵,辩论 Some people love to dispute.有些人好争论 2.对……表示异议,反对,辩驳 The election result was disputed.有人对选举结果提出异议 24. circumstance n.情形,情况,状况 under no circumstances无论如何不,决不 in/ under the circumstances在此情况下,(情况既然如此) [ire] We have been told that under no circumstances the telephone in the office for personal affairs
2. [C]引诱，诱惑 An open window is an invitation to burglars. 窗户开着，会引来窃贼。 19．cite vt.1.引用，引证 She cited(a verse from) Keats. 她引用济慈的诗句. 2．（军队的）传令嘉奖 [sait] cite v. 引用;表彰 sight n.视力;情景 site n.场地;工地 20. awkward a.1.困窘的，尴尬的 a long awkward silence after their quarrel 他们吵架后就是长时间尴尬的沉默 2.难操纵的，使用不便的 The handle of this teapot has an awkward shape. 这个壶把儿的形状真别扭。 3.笨拙的，不灵巧的 I was always an awkward dancer.我跳舞总是笨手笨脚。 [试题] The shy girl felt _____ and uncomfortable when she could not answer her teacher’s questions. A) amazed B)awkward C)curious D)amused 答案：B)awkward 尴尬的，难为情的 。A) amazed 惊讶的，惊奇的 C)curious (about) 好 奇的 D)amused(at,by)好玩的，开心的 21．edit vt.编辑，剪辑，校订 edit a Shakespeare play 编辑一本莎士比亚剧本 edition n.版本 a first edition 初版 a revised edition 修订版 editor n. 编辑 22． forge vt. 1.锻造，锤炼；使形成 forge a sword 锻造剑 a friendship forged by adversity 患难之中建立的友谊 2.伪造，假冒，仿造 forge a will, signature, banknote, etc 伪造遗嘱，签字，钞票等 23． dispute n. [C, U]争端，分歧 It’s a matter of dispute whether they did the right thing. 他们做的还是不对，这是有争议之处。 beyond/past dispute 无可争辩的 without dispute 毫无疑义的 v. 1.争论，争吵，辩论 Some people love to dispute. 有些人好争论。 2.对……表示异议，反对，辩驳 The election result was disputed. 有人对选举结果提出异议。 24．circumstance n.情形，情况，状况 under no circumstances 无论如何不，决不 in/under the circumstances 在此情况下，（情况既然如此） [试题] We have been told that under no circumstances _____ the telephone in the office for personal affairs
A)may we use B)we may use C)we could use D)did we use 答案:A).某些含否定意义的介词短语如 in no case, in no way, under no circumstances 等放在句首要引起部分倒装。D) did we use不可选,因为that从句的内容不是发生在 过去。 25. static a.静止的,不变的 House prices have been static for several months.房价稳定了几个月 lectricity静电 26. bearing n.1.[U关系,影响 What he said had not much bearing on the problem. 他的话和这个问题没多大关系 (sing.)举止,姿态 her dignified bearing她端庄的举止 3.[C]方位,方向 They lost their bearings in the dark.他们在黑暗中迷失了方向。 27. justification I.[U正当的理由 He was getting angry--with some justification.他生气了一事出有因。 I can see no justification for dividing the company into smaller unit 我不明白有什么理由要把这家公司分成几个小公司 28. heap n.1.[C]一堆 clothes lay in heaps on the floor衣服堆放在地板上 2.( often pl.)大量,许多 We have heaps of time。我们有许多时间。 vt.(使)堆起 heap(up) stones to form a dam把石头堆成一道堤坝 [irEn] Though her parents her musical ability, Jerrilou's piano playing is really terrible A)pour scorn on B)heap praise upon C)give vent to D)cast light upon 答案:B) heap praise upon大加赞赏.A) pour scorn on嘲笑C) give vent to发泄 D) cast light upon使某事清楚明白的显现出来 vt.流出,流下,发出 shed tears流泪 shed blood流血 2.去掉,摆脱 shed one's clothes on a hot day天热时脱掉衣服 3.脱落,脱去 These trees shed their leaves in fall.这些树秋天落叶。 n.[C]棚,小屋 a tool shed工具房 a wood shed柴房 a bicycle shed自行车棚 Phrases & Expressions 1. work out发展很好;证明是成功的 I' m sure things will work out for the best in the end 我相信事情最终会圆满解决的
A)may we use B)we may use C)we could use D)did we use 答案:A).某些含否定意义的介词短语如 in no case, in no way, under no circumstances 等放在句首要引起部分倒装。D) did we use 不可选，因为 that 从句的内容不是发生在 过去。 25． static a.静止的，不变的 House prices have been static for several months.房价稳定了几个月。 static electricity 静电 26．bearing n. 1. [U]关系，影响 What he said had not much bearing on the problem. 他的话和这个问题没多大关系. 2. (sing.)举止，姿态 her dignified bearing 她端庄的举止 3. [C]方位，方向 They lost their bearings in the dark. 他们在黑暗中迷失了方向。 27． justification n. [U]正当的理由 He was getting angry--with some justification.他生气了—事出有因。 I can see no justification for dividing the company into smaller units. 我不明白有什么理由要把这家公司分成几个小公司。 28． heap n. 1. [C]一堆 clothes lay in heaps on the floor 衣服堆放在地板上。 2. (often pl.)大量，许多 We have heaps of time。我们有许多时间。 vt.（使）堆起 heap (up) stones to form a dam 把石头堆成一道堤坝 [试题] Though her parents ____ her musical ability, Jerrilou’s piano playing is really terrible. A)pour scorn on B)heap praise upon C)give vent to D)cast light upon 答案: B)heap praise upon 大加赞赏.A) pour scorn on 嘲笑 C)give vent to 发泄 D)cast light upon 使某事清楚明白的显现出来 29． shed shed shed shedding vt.流出，流下，发出 shed tears 流泪 shed blood 流血 2. 去掉，摆脱 shed one’s clothes on a hot day 天热时脱掉衣服 3.脱落，脱去 These trees shed their leaves in fall. 这些树秋天落叶。 n. [C]棚，小屋 a tool shed 工具房 a wood shed 柴房 a bicycle shed 自行车棚 Phrases &Expressions 1． work out 发展很好；证明是成功的 I'm sure things will work out for the best in the end. 我相信事情最终会圆满解决的