Adrenal Glands Dr.Isabel Hwang Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong May 2007
Adrenal Glands Dr. Isabel Hwang Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong May 2007
Adrenal glands (Supra-renal glands)
Adrenal glands (Supra-renal glands)
CH2OH CHOH 0 C=0 H C=0 OH OH HO <OH HO HO Cortisol Aldosterone Testosterone Estradiol HO Cholesterol
Cholesterol Pregnenolone Dehydroepiandrosterone Progesterone -17-Hydroxyprogesterone Androstenedione Corticosterone Cortisol Aldosterone
Adrenal cortex. I.Introduction. The adrenal consists of the cortex and the medulla. The cortex is made up of 3 zones:zona glomerulosa,zona fasciculata and zona reticularis Adrenocorticosteroids are bound to corticosteroid- binding globulins to slow elimination from plasma)
Adrenal cortex. I. Introduction. • The adrenal consists of the cortex and the medulla. • The cortex is made up of 3 zones: zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata and zona reticularis • Adrenocorticosteroids are bound to corticosteroidbinding globulins ( to slow elimination from plasma)
Zona glomerulosa ◆Aldosterone Cortisol c and androgens Epinephrine ◆and norepinephrine Cortex Medulla
The adrenal cortex has 3 distinct layers 1.The zona glomerulosa Accounts for approx.15%of the adrenal cortex Secretes significant amounts of aldosterone because it contains the enzyme aldosterone synthase Secretion regulated mainly by Angll and K
The adrenal cortex has 3 distinct layers 1. The zona glomerulosa - Accounts for approx. 15% of the adrenal cortex - Secretes significant amounts of aldosterone because it contains the enzyme aldosterone synthase - Secretion regulated mainly by AngII and K
2.The zona fasciculata Accounts for about 75%of the adrenal cortex Secretes glucocorticoid cortisol and corticosterone Also a small amounts of adrenal androgens and estrogens Secretion regulated by ACTH
2. The zona fasciculata - Accounts for about 75% of the adrenal cortex - Secretes glucocorticoid cortisol and corticosterone - Also a small amounts of adrenal androgens and estrogens - Secretion regulated by ACTH
3.The zona reticularis The innermost layer of the cortex Secretes adrenal androgens (e.g. dehydroepiandrosterone DHEA,small amounts of estrogen and glucocorticoids Secretion regulated by ACTH
3. The zona reticularis - The innermost layer of the cortex - Secretes adrenal androgens (e.g. dehydroepiandrosterone DHEA, small amounts of estrogen and glucocorticoids - Secretion regulated by ACTH
The Adrenal Cortex The cells of the adrenal cortex secrete a variety of steroid hormones(>30).These fall into three classes: ·Glucocorticoids(e.g,cortisol） Mineralocorticoids (e.g.,aldosterone) Androgens(e.g.,testosterone)
The Adrenal Cortex The cells of the adrenal cortex secrete a variety of steroid hormones (>30). These fall into three classes: • Glucocorticoids (e.g., cortisol) • Mineralocorticoids (e.g., aldosterone) • Androgens (e.g., testosterone)