重慶医科大学Chongqing Medical UniversityHuman Body Function Experiment(part 1)(For fifth grade medical professional use )SYLLABUSWrite by Laboratory of Human body functionIn October 2021
Human Body Function Experiment(part 1) （For fifth grade medical professional use） S Y L L A B U S Write by Laboratory of Human body function In October 2021
1.Basic informationCourseName:HumanBodyFunctionExperimentClass hours and credits: total credits 3 points, total class hours 54 class hoursApplicableSpecialty:five-yearmedical specialtyPrerequisitecourses:anatomy,histologyandEmbryology2.Course introductionPhysiology is an important basic course in medical education, and much knowledge ofphysiology is obtained from experiments, so physiological experiment is the absolutelynecessarycompositionintheprocessofphysiologyeducation.The objectives of the course of Human Body Function Experiment is to enable students tomanage basic methods used in physiology experiments through practice, to apprehend thescientific pathway to gain physiology knowledge and to testify important theories applied inphysiologyAnother weighty objective of this course is to nourish the students' ability in discovering.analyzing and solving problems for which practice of experiment is very important. Almostall physiology knowledge can be obtained by carrying out experiments with specificpurposes. By attending experiment course, students are expected to learn the reasoning thepioneer scientists adopted in raising and analyzing problems, and ultimately designingscientific experiments in an attempt to verifyand solve them.In other words,the aim ofexperiment course is to deliver students a scientific methodology as a new approach toobtain knowledge. The key to the success of the experiment course depends on the students'ability indiscovering,analyzing and solving problems.Through the teaching of physiology experiments students can get the following severaladvantages:(1)prove some theories of foundation;(2)study basic techniques and skills;
1.Basic information Course Name: Human Body Function Experiment Class hours and credits: total credits 3 points, total class hours 54 class hours Applicable Specialty: five-year medical specialty Prerequisite courses: anatomy, histology and Embryology 2.Course introduction Physiology is an important basic course in medical education, and much knowledge of physiology is obtained from experiments, so physiological experiment is the absolutely necessary composition in the process of physiology education. The objectives of the course of Human Body Function Experiment is to enable students to manage basic methods used in physiology experiments through practice, to apprehend the scientific pathway to gain physiology knowledge and to testify important theories applied in physiology . Another weighty objective of this course is to nourish the students’ ability in discovering, analyzing and solving problems for which practice of experiment is very important. Almost all physiology knowledge can be obtained by carrying out experiments with specific purposes. By attending experiment course, students are expected to learn the reasoning the pioneer scientists adopted in raising and analyzing problems, and ultimately designing scientific experiments in an attempt to verify and solve them. In other words, the aim of experiment course is to deliver students a scientific methodology as a new approach to obtain knowledge. The key to the success of the experiment course depends on the students’ ability in discovering, analyzing and solving problems. Through the teaching of physiology experiments students can get the following several advantages: (1)prove some theories of foundation; (2)study basic techniques and skills;
(3)improve the ability of analyzing and solving problems;(4)train for the serious attitude and the honest attitude for work;(5)know how to design the experiments; build the foundation for clinical research work.In order to improve the teaching ofexperiments, reach the teaching goal, we demand that:Before experiment:(1)read the Experiment Manual of Physiology carefully,(2)review the associated theories related to experiment, expect the possible result in theexperiment.During experiment:(1)according the steps do the experiment carefully ;observe the change ofevery phenomenacarefully and record it, and think it actively,(2)the group members should divide the work properly and cooperate well with others, dobestto reducetheerrors;(3)during observing the experiment, record the physiological processes exactly, and write itdown in words. Pay more attention to the state of animalsAfter experiment:(1)clean the instruments, if destroy something please inform the teacher in time.(2)collect the results, review the necessary theory, and finish the report independently.Accordingtotheeducationplanof ChongqingMedical University,thereare54periods inthe physiology experiments in clinical specialty for international students. There are 9experiments altogether in our physiology teaching. Classical verification experiments are 30teachinghours,accountingfor56%;comprehensive experiment are 24 teachinghoursaccounting for 44%3.Courseobjectives()Ideological, moral andprofessional quality objectives1) Cultivate the noble sentiment of loving life and devoting oneself to the cause of human
(3)improve the ability of analyzing and solving problems; (4)train for the serious attitude and the honest attitude for work; (5)know how to design the experiments; build the foundation for clinical research work. In order to improve the teaching of experiments, reach the teaching goal, we demand that: Before experiment: (1)read the Experiment Manual of Physiology carefully, (2)review the associated theories related to experiment, expect the possible result in the experiment. During experiment: (1)according the steps do the experiment carefully ; observe the change of every phenomena carefully and record it, and think it actively; (2)the group members should divide the work properly and cooperate well with others, do best to reduce the errors; (3)during observing the experiment, record the physiological processes exactly, and write it down in words. Pay more attention to the state of animals. After experiment: (1)clean the instruments, if destroy something please inform the teacher in time. (2)collect the results, review the necessary theory, and finish the report independently. According to the education plan of Chongqing Medical University, there are 54 periods in the physiology experiments in clinical specialty for international students. There are 9 experiments altogether in our physiology teaching. Classical verification experiments are 30 teaching hours, accounting for 56%; comprehensive experiment are 24 teaching hours, accounting for 44%. 3.Course objectives (1)Ideological, moral and professional quality objectives 1) Cultivate the noble sentiment of loving life and devoting oneself to the cause of human
medicine. Establish the spirit of humanistic care, have good medical ethics, develop goodprofessional ethics and the spirit of dedication to the medical cause.2)Establishtheconceptof lovingexperimental animals and life.3) Master the standard experimental operation and form a rigorous scientific style andinnovative consciousness of seeking truth from facts.4) Through the cooperation of group members in the experimental operation, improve theteam spirit of students' pursuit of unity and cooperation.(2)Knowledgeobjectives1) Be able to understand the basic concepts of human function, master the normalfunctions of human systems and organs, as well as the pathophysiological changes, drugactionmechanism and regulation underdisease conditions2) Master the basic surgical skills and learning methods of human function, so as to lay afoundation for learning clinical courses.(3)Skill objectives1)Be able tounderstand and preliminarily master the basic skills of human functionalexperiment operation. Learn the basic methods of observing, recording and analyzingexperimental results and writing experimental reports. Through experimental operation,experimental design and comprehensive analysis of the results, cultivate the ability ofindependent thinking and independent work.2) Be able to understand the scientific research methods of human function andpreliminarily have the ability of scientific research thinking3)Be able to design and implement relevant experiments with humanfunctionalknowledge, apply what you have learned on this basis, analyze some specific cases orpractical problems, and deeply understand the relationship between foundation and clinic4.Teaching requirementsThis course not only pays attention to the cultivation of students' post competence, but also
medicine. Establish the spirit of humanistic care, have good medical ethics, develop good professional ethics and the spirit of dedication to the medical cause. 2) Establish the concept of loving experimental animals and life. 3) Master the standard experimental operation and form a rigorous scientific style and innovative consciousness of seeking truth from facts. 4) Through the cooperation of group members in the experimental operation, improve the team spirit of students' pursuit of unity and cooperation. (2) Knowledge objectives 1) Be able to understand the basic concepts of human function, master the normal functions of human systems and organs, as well as the pathophysiological changes, drug action mechanism and regulation under disease conditions. 2) Master the basic surgical skills and learning methods of human function, so as to lay a foundation for learning clinical courses. (3)Skill objectives 1) Be able to understand and preliminarily master the basic skills of human functional experiment operation. Learn the basic methods of observing, recording and analyzing experimental results and writing experimental reports. Through experimental operation, experimental design and comprehensive analysis of the results, cultivate the ability of independent thinking and independent work. 2) Be able to understand the scientific research methods of human function and preliminarily have the ability of scientific research thinking. 3) Be able to design and implement relevant experiments with human functional knowledge, apply what you have learned on this basis, analyze some specific cases or practical problems, and deeply understand the relationship between foundation and clinic. 4.Teaching requirements This course not only pays attention to the cultivation of students' post competence, but also
pays more attention to the cultivation of students' professional core competence, and paysattention to students' learning ability, organization and coordination ability, unity,cooperation, communication and expression ability and sustainable development ability.Therefore, in the design and implementation of this course, we pay attention to cultivatingstudents Ideological and moral and professional quality, and pay attention to therequirements of knowledge and abilityAfter learning this course, students can understand the basic concepts of human function,master the normal functions of human systems and organs, pathophysiological changesunder disease conditions, drug action mechanism and regulation.Lay the foundation forlearning other professional coursesBeabletopreliminarily masterthebasic skills of human functional experiment operation.Learn the basic methods of observing, recording and analyzing experimental results andwriting experimental reports. Be able to form the ability of independent thinking andindependent work through experimental operation, experimental design andcomprehensiveanalysisoftheresultsAt the same time, the society is required to have a serious scientific attitude, rigorousscientific thinking method and rigorous scientific style after course learning.Have thebenevolenceof understandingand caringfor patients and the abilitytodevote themselvesto the medical cause.5.AssessmentmethodTheusual experimental report and experimental class performance are 50 points, and thefinal experimental operation test is 50 points
pays more attention to the cultivation of students' professional core competence, and pays attention to students' learning ability, organization and coordination ability, unity, cooperation, communication and expression ability and sustainable development ability. Therefore, in the design and implementation of this course, we pay attention to cultivating students' Ideological and moral and professional quality, and pay attention to the requirements of knowledge and ability. After learning this course, students can understand the basic concepts of human function, master the normal functions of human systems and organs, pathophysiological changes under disease conditions, drug action mechanism and regulation. Lay the foundation for learning other professional courses. Be able to preliminarily master the basic skills of human functional experiment operation. Learn the basic methods of observing, recording and analyzing experimental results and writing experimental reports. Be able to form the ability of independent thinking and independent work through experimental operation, experimental design and comprehensive analysis of the results. At the same time, the society is required to have a serious scientific attitude, rigorous scientific thinking method and rigorous scientific style after course learning. Have the benevolence of understanding and caring for patients and the ability to devote themselves to the medical cause. 5. Assessment method The usual experimental report and experimental class performance are 50 points, and the final experimental operation test is 50 points
Reference周岐新.人体机能学实验.第2版.北京：科学出版社，2013
Reference 周岐新.人体机能学实验.第 2 版.北京：科学出版社，2013
ContentsExperiment1 Relationship between electrical stimulation and contractile2responseofskeletalmuscle3Experiment 2 Induction of sciatic nerve action potential in toadExperiment 3 Measurement of conduction velocity and excitability4refractoryperiod in toad sciatic nerve action potential5Experiment 4 Extrasystole and Compensatory Pause, .Observation ofcardiacpacemaker5Experiment 5 Auscultation of heart sound, measurement of arterialblood pressure and electrocardiogram of human body surface.6.8Experiment6Regulation ofRespiratoryActivity.Experiment 7 Effect of nervous and humoral factors on arterial blood9pressureExperiment 8General Characteristics of the Gastrointestinal Smooth10Muscle..11Experiment 9 Factors of affecting urine formation
Contents Experiment 1 Relationship between electrical stimulation and contractile response of skeletal muscle .2 Experiment 2 Induction of sciatic nerve action potential in toad .3 Experiment 3 Measurement of conduction velocity and excitability refractory period in toad sciatic nerve action potential .4 Experiment 4 Extrasystole and Compensatory Pause, .5 Observation of cardiac pacemaker .5 Experiment 5 Auscultation of heart sound, measurement of arterial blood pressure and electrocardiogram of human body surface.6 Experiment 6 Regulation of Respiratory Activity.8 Experiment 7 Effect of nervous and humoral factors on arterial blood pressure.9 Experiment 8 General Characteristics of the Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscle.10 Experiment 9 Factors of affecting urine formation . 11
Teaching hours distribution table(totally 54 teaching hours)ExperimentalExperimentalContent of coursesteaching hoursformsExperiment1.Relationshipbetweenclassical6electrical stimulation and contractileconfirmatoryexperimentresponse of skeletal muscleclassicalExperiment2.Induction of sciatic nerve6confirmatoryactionpotential in toadexperimentofExprement3.Measurementclass icalconduction velocity and excitability6confirmatoryrefractory period in toad sciatic nerveexperimentaction potentialandclassicalExperiment4.Extrasystole6confirmatorycompensatorypause,observation ofcardiac pacemakerexperimentExperiment 5.Auscultation of heartClassicalsound,measurement of arterial blood6pressureandelectrocardiogramofconfirmatoryhuman body surfaceexperimentExperiment 6.Regulation of respiratoryComprehensive6activityexperimentExperiment 7.Effect of nervous andComprehensive6bloodhumoral factors onarterialexperimentpressureExperiment8.General characteristics ofComprehensive6thegastrointestinal smooth muscleexperimentExperiment 9.Factors of affecting urineComprehensive6formationexperiment54total1
1 Teaching hours distribution table （totally 54 teaching hours） Content of courses Experimental teaching hours Experimental forms Experiment 1. Relationship between electrical stimulation and contractile response of skeletal muscle 6 classical confirmatory experiment Experiment 2. Induction of sciatic nerve action potential in toad 6 classical confirmatory experiment Exprement 3. Measurement of conduction velocity and excitability refractory period in toad sciatic nerve action potential 6 classical confirmatory experiment Experiment 4. Extrasystole and compensatory pause, observation of cardiac pacemaker 6 classical confirmatory experiment Experiment 5.Auscultation of heart sound, measurement of arterial blood pressure and electrocardiogram of human body surface 6 Classical confirmatory experiment Experiment 6.Regulation of respiratory activity 6 Comprehensive experiment Experiment 7. Effect of nervous and humoral factors on arterial blood pressure 6 Comprehensive experiment Experiment 8.General characteristics of the gastrointestinal smooth muscle 6 Comprehensive experiment Experiment 9.Factors of affecting urine formation 6 Comprehensive experiment total 54
Experiment 1 Relationship between electrical stimulation andcontractile response of skeletalmuscle【Experimentalform】classicalconfirmatoryexperiment【Objectiveandrequire】1.Grasp:Preparation of sciatic nerve-gastrocnemius muscle specimen.Learn therelationship betweenthefrequencyof stimuli and thecontractions oftoad skeletal muscles2.Familiar: Methods for specimen preparation of Amphibians3. Understand: Concepts such as stimulus, response, and excitability【Experimental teaching hours】 6 teaching hours[Experimental contents]1. Make a toad sciatic-gastrocnumius preparation.2.Fix the gastrocnemius preparation on the tension transducer3.Observation: simple contraction, incomplete tetanus, complete tetanus【Experimentalgroup】5persons/group2
2 Experiment 1 Relationship between electrical stimulation and contractile response of skeletal muscle 【Experimental form】classical confirmatory experiment 【Objective and require】 1. Grasp：Preparation of sciatic nerve-gastrocnemius muscle specimen. Learn the relationship between the frequency of stimuli and the contractions of toad skeletal muscles. 2. Familiar：Methods for specimen preparation of Amphibians 3. Understand：Concepts such as stimulus, response, and excitability 【Experimental teaching hours】6 teaching hours 【Experimental contents】 1. Make a toad sciatic-gastrocnumius preparation. 2. Fix the gastrocnemius preparation on the tension transducer. 3. Observation: simple contraction, incomplete tetanus, complete tetanus. 【Experimental group】 5 persons / group
Experiment 2 Induction of sciatic nerve action potentialin toad[Experimentalform】classical confirmatoryexperiment【Objectiveandrequire】1. Grasp:The preparation of sciatic nerve and the method of inducing action potential.2.Familiar:Operation method of instrument3.Understand:Mechanism ofaction potential intoad sciaticnerve[Experimental teaching hours] 6 teaching hours[Experimental contents]1. Induction of action potential in toad sciatic nerve2.Recordingwaveformofbiphasicactionpotential3.The latency of action potential was measured4. The duration of action potential was measured5.The amplitude of action potential was measured【Experimentalgroup】5persons /group3
3 Experiment 2 Induction of sciatic nerve action potential in toad 【Experimental form】classical confirmatory experiment 【Objective and require】 1. Grasp：The preparation of sciatic nerve and the method of inducing action potential. 2. Familiar：Operation method of instrument 3.Understand：Mechanism of action potential in toad sciatic nerve 【Experimental teaching hours】6 teaching hours 【Experimental contents】 1. Induction of action potential in toad sciatic nerve. 2. Recording waveform of biphasic action potential . 3. The latency of action potential was measured 4. The duration of action potential was measured 5. The amplitude of action potential was measured 【Experimental group】 5 persons / group