Lecture of extraction of primary teeth and young permanent teeth Department of preventive and pediatricdentistry Yang-gang 2010.12.30 Today wewill talk about extraction of primary teeth and young permaent study we have known the importance of preserving primary teeth and young permanent teeth bu in some times we have to extract them for some causes.Before we extract one primary tooth or young permanent tooth,we must know why we must extract it. First:Indication ofextraction. (First)Indication of extraction of primary teeth. ond,sorption situtionof permanent teeth and growth of the jaw and arch.after considering above,we could decide whether one tooth could be extracted 1.Primary teeth which can't be perserved (1)Residual crowns and residual roots raction is ne when the decay is so widespread that it can't be repaired with either a filling or a crown (2)Primary teeth with severe periapical infection. Extraction of a primary tooth may be necessary when the decay has led to severe periapical infection rootipof primary tecth eout the gun (4)The injured primary teeth which can't be perserved If a primary tooth has been impacted fracture.and may damaged the underlying permanent tooth the primary tooth will need to be extracted 2.Extraction for orthodontic treatment. (1)Primary tooth retention. The primary teeth have not fallen out when the sucessors have aready erupted or will erupt soon.The primary teeth may be loose or not. ①Age of child 2 If the permanent tooth of other side has erupted ③Gingival fullness. ④X-ray a.Half of the roots of the primary teeth have been absorbed or more b.Half of the roots of the permanent teeth have been formed or more c.The permanent teeth have been closed to the root furcation of the primary molars,and there has been severe or compele furcal bone loss Missing teeth.Hypodontia eten primary tee (2)Serial extraction Serial extraction is a sequence of interceptive orthodontic treatment which aims to relieve crowding at an early stage
Lecture of extraction of primary teeth and young permanent teeth Department of preventive and pediatric dentistry Yang -gang 2010.12.30 Today we will talk about extraction of primary teeth and young permanent teeth.From formerly study we have known the importance of preserving primary teeth and young permanent teeth,but in some times we have to extract them for some causes. Before we extract one primary tooth or young permanent tooth,we must know why we must extract it. First:Indication of extraction. (First)Indication of extraction of primary teeth. Before extraction we must consider several aspect.first,age of child;second, sorption situation of primary teeth roots.third, Tooth lesion degree and its function value.last,the effect to eruption of permanent teeth and growth of the jaw and arch.after considering above,we could decide whether one tooth could be extracted. 1.Primary teeth which can’t be perserved. (1)Residual crowns and residual roots Extraction is necessary when the decay is so widespread that it can’t be repaired with either a filling or a crown. (2)Primary teeth with severe periapical infection. Extraction of a primary tooth may be necessary when the decay has led to severe periapical infection. (3)The root tip of primary teeth expose out the gum. (4)The injured primary teeth which can’t be perserved. If a primary tooth has been impacted fracture, and may damaged the underlying permanent tooth, the primary tooth will need to be extracted. 2.Extraction for orthodontic treatment. (1) Primary tooth retention. The primary teeth have not fallen out when the successors have already erupted or will erupt soon.The primary teeth may be loose or not. ① Age of child ② If the permanent tooth of other side has erupted. ③ Gingival fullness. ④ X-ray examination: a.Half of the roots of the primary teeth have been absorbed or more. b.Half of the roots of the permanent teeth have been formed or more. c.The permanent teeth have been closed to the root furcation of the primary molars,and there has been severe or compele furcal bone loss. Missing teeth. Hypodontia Unloose retent primary teeth (2)Serial extraction: Serial extraction is a sequence of interceptive orthodontic treatment which aims to relieve crowding at an early stage:
①Primary canines ②First primarymoars ③ir premolars 3.Anomalies of tooth formation and eruption. Extra teeth.geminated,Impacted and fusion teeth and so on. (Second)Indication of extraction of young permanent teeth (3)The injured permanent teeth which can't be perserved. (4)Extraction for orthodontic treatment. CSerial extraction 2First permanent molars Second Contraindication of extraction (First)Whole body condition 1.Blood Diseases:Leukemia,Hemophilia 2.Diseases of Endocrine System:Graves,Diabetes,easy to shock. 3.Heart diseases and kidn ydisease 4.Acute (Second)Local factor 1.There are infection on periapical tissue and alveolar bone of teeth extraction has to been taken after the infection is eliminated. 2.There are gingivitisand ofor (First)Mental preparation 1.We must let the parents have enough mental preparation 2.we must communicate with the young patients. (Second)Clinical p 1.Appliance rceps 2.disinfection 3.Tooth examination.Examinate the extracted teeth and we must not extract wrong teeth 4 Anesthesia a Topical anesthesia Indication:the primary teeth which will fall submucosal abscess the point of injection and so 0 b.Infiltration anaesthesia Indication:unloose primary teeth. c Block anaesthesia Indication:young per manent teeth,abnormal extra teeth d.General ana Indication:buried impacted teet Fourth:Extraction methods. (First)Differences between primary and permanent teeth 1.Size.Primary teeth are smaller than their permanent counterparts
① Primary canines ② First primary molars ③ First premolars 3.Anomalies of tooth formation and eruption. Extra teeth ,geminated ,Impacted and fusion teeth and so on. (Second)Indication of extraction of young permanent teeth. (1) Residual crowns and residual roots. (2) Permanent teeth with severe periapical infection which can’t be treated. (3) The injured permanent teeth which can’t be perserved. (4) Extraction for orthodontic treatment. ①Serial extraction ②First permanent molars We should be careful Second、Contraindication of extraction. (First) Whole body condition 1. Blood Diseases: Leukemia, Hemophilia. 2. Diseases of Endocrine System:Graves,Diabetes,easy to shock. 3.Heart diseases and kidney diseases. 4. Acute infectious episode. (Second)Local factor. 1.There are infection on periapical tissue and alveolar bone of teeth.extraction has to been taken after the infection is eliminated. 2.There are gingivitis and severe diseases of oral mucosa. Third．Preparation of extraction. （First）Mental preparation. 1.We must let the parents have enough mental preparation. 2. we must communicate with the young patients, （Second）Clinical preparation. 1.Appliance preparation.Forceps. 2. Cleanliness, disinfection. 3.Tooth examination.Examinate the extracted teeth,and we must not extract wrong teeth. 4. Anesthesia a.Topical anesthesia:. Indication:the primary teeth which will fall off soon; submucosal abscess;the point of injection and so on. b. Infiltration anaesthesia Indication:unloose primary teeth. c.Block anaesthesia Indication:young permanent teeth;abnormal extra teeth. d. General anaesthesia Indication:buried impacted teeth Fourth：Extraction methods. (First)Differences between primary and permanent teeth. 1. Size.Primary teeth are smaller than their permanent counterparts
2.Shape.The crowns of primary teeth are more bulbous than the crowns of permanent teeth. 3.Physiology:The roots of primary teeth resorb naturally. 4.Support:The bone of the alveolus is much more elastic in the child patient. (Second)Extraction of primary anteriors. They should be removed by applying the forceps beaks to the roots and then using clockwise and anticlockwise rotations along the long axis. (Third)Extraction of primary molars. The application of the forceps is palatal to expand the socket,then the tooth is subjected to a continuous buccally directed force. (Fourth)Extraction of young permanent teeth. The alveolar bone of young permanent teeth is not hard,so it is not differcult to extract them.It is careful not to damage more bone. Fifth,Notes for extraction. Sixth Extraction of the first permanent molar. The first permanent molar is important,but at some time it must be extracted for some causes. Substitution method-Extract the first permanent molar which couldn't be retained to make the second permanent molar move forward to replace it. Indication:age:8-9 years old X-ray examination: Vocabulary Orthodontic正畸的 Indication适应证 Enamel hypoplasia釉质发育不全 Periapical根尖周的 Root furcation根分叉 Hypodontia先天失牙 Extra teeth多生牙 Geminated teeth双生牙 Fusion teeth融合牙 Impacted teeth埋伏牙 Contraindication禁忌证 Leukemia 白血病 Hemophilia 血友病 Graves 甲亢 Diabetes 糖尿病 Forceps 钳子 Bulbous 球形的
2. Shape.The crowns of primary teeth are more bulbous than the crowns of permanent teeth. 3. Physiology:The roots of primary teeth resorb naturally. 4. Support:The bone of the alveolus is much more elastic in the child patient. （Second）Extraction of primary anteriors. They should be removed by applying the forceps beaks to the roots and then using clockwise and anticlockwise rotations along the long axis. (Third)Extraction of primary molars. The application of the forceps is palatal to expand the socket,then the tooth is subjected to a continuous buccally directed force. (Fourth)Extraction of young permanent teeth. The alveolar bone of young permanent teeth is not hard,so it is not differcult to extract them.It is careful not to damage more bone. Fifth、Notes for extraction. Sixth、Extraction of the first permanent molar. The first permanent molar is important,but at some time it must be extracted for some causes. Substitution method-Extract the first permanent molar which couldn’t be retained to make the second permanent molar move forward to replace it. Indication: age:8-9 years old X-ray examination: Vocabulary Orthodontic 正畸的 Indication 适应证 Enamel hypoplasia 釉质发育不全 Periapical 根尖周的 Root furcation 根分叉 Hypodontia 先天失牙 Extra teeth 多生牙 Geminated teeth 双生牙 Fusion teeth 融合牙 Impacted teeth 埋伏牙 Contraindication 禁忌证 Leukemia 白血病 Hemophilia 血友病 Graves 甲亢 Diabetes 糖尿病 Forceps 钳子 Bulbous 球形的