The syllabus of the Organizational Behavior course I.the basic information of the course Course code:19010033 Course Name:Organizational Behavior (bilingual course English name:Organizational behavior (bilingual course) Course Category:Professional course When:48 Credits:3 Suitable for:Business Administration (high potential experimental district) Assessment:Exams Pre-curriculum:Management II.the introduction of the course Organizational behavior is an important part of management,involving psychology,social psychology,political science,socioloy and anthropology,and it isa science that studies the behavior law of individuals,groups,organizations and their relationships within the organizational system in order to improve the ability of managers to predict,guide and control people's behavior and improve the efficiency of organization operation.It studies and answers what individual and group behavior patterns are in the work organization,how they interact with each other,how personality affects job performance,how employees are motivated,how to adapt to and grasp environmental changes,and so on.This course will closely focus on the firm students'ideals and beliefs,with love for the Party,patriotism,love for socialism,love for the people,love for the collective as the main line,around political identity,family national conditions,cultural literacy,moral cultivation and other key optimization of the curriculum political content supply. Organizational behavior is the study of how people interact in organizations.This course will cover the interactions from three major levels including individual level, group level and organizational level.Its principles are applied primarily in attempts to create more efficient organizations.Through this course,students gain insight into strategies and methods that manage individuals,groups,and organizational change. This course also focuses on cultivating students'political identity,patriotism, cultural accomplishment,ideology and morality. I.the nature of the curriculum and teaching purposes Organizational behavior is a compulsory subject in business administration
The syllabus of the Organizational Behavior course Ⅰ.the basic information of the course Course code: 19010033 Course Name: Organizational Behavior（bilingual course） English name: Organizational behavior（bilingual course） Course Category: Professional course When:48 Credits:3 Suitable for: Business Administration（high potential experimental district） Assessment: Exams Pre-curriculum: Management Ⅱ.the introduction of the course Organizational behavior is an important part of management, involving psychology, social psychology, political science, sociology and anthropology, and it is a science that studies the behavior law of individuals, groups, organizations and their relationships within the organizational system in order to improve the ability of managers to predict, guide and control people's behavior and improve the efficiency of organization operation. It studies and answers what individual and group behavior patterns are in the work organization, how they interact with each other, how personality affects job performance, how employees are motivated, how to adapt to and grasp environmental changes, and so on. This course will closely focus on the firm students' ideals and beliefs, with love for the Party, patriotism, love for socialism, love for the people, love for the collective as the main line, around political identity, family national conditions, cultural literacy, moral cultivation and other key optimization of the curriculum political content supply. Organizational behavior is the study of how people interact in organizations. This course will cover the interactions from three major levels including individual level, group level and organizational level. Its principles are applied primarily in attempts to create more efficient organizations. Through this course, students gain insight into strategies and methods that manage individuals, groups, and organizational change. This course also focuses on cultivating students’ political identity, patriotism, cultural accomplishment, ideology and morality. Ⅲ.the nature of the curriculum and teaching purposes Organizational behavior is a compulsory subject in business administration
The purpose of this course is to enable students to master the basic knowledge and development law of organizational behavior,to guide students to read relevant cases of organizational behavior,to train students to develop students'practical ability in organizational behavior such as team building and management,interpersonal communication,leadership,organizational structure design,organizational culture construction.organizational change and development,cross-cultural communication. and learning organization construction,and to train students Consciously develop good political literacy and moral quality,improve the ethical literacy of enterprise management. IV.teaching content and requirements prolegomenon (1)Purposes and requirements 1.Master the definition of organizational and organizational behavior. 2.Be familiar with the research content of organizational behavior. 3.Stay up-to-date on the latest developments in organizational behavior. 4.Be familiar with the stage of development of organizational behavior. 5.Master the research terms and methods commonly used in organizational behavior. Section 1Organizational and Organizational Behavior 1.Main content The first section describes what organization is,what is management,why organization needs management,the definition of organizational behavior,the content of research and its latest progress,the relationship between organizational behavior and other disciplines,and the significance of learning organizational behavior. 2.Basic concepts and knowledge points Organization,management 3.Questions and applications(competence requirements) The knowledge of other disciplines is embodied in organizational behavior Section 2 The History of Organizational Behavior 1.Main content The second section introduces the five stages of development of organizational
The purpose of this course is to enable students to master the basic knowledge and development law of organizational behavior, to guide students to read relevant cases of organizational behavior, to train students to develop students' practical ability in organizational behavior such as team building and management, interpersonal communication, leadership, organizational structure design, organizational culture construction, organizational change and development, cross-cultural communication, and learning organization construction, and to train students Consciously develop good political literacy and moral quality, improve the ethical literacy of enterprise management. Ⅳ.teaching content and requirements prolegomenon (1) Purposes and requirements 1. Master the definition of organizational and organizational behavior. 2. Be familiar with the research content of organizational behavior. 3. Stay up-to-date on the latest developments in organizational behavior. 4. Be familiar with the stage of development of organizational behavior. 5. Master the research terms and methods commonly used in organizational behavior. Section 1 Organizational and Organizational Behavior 1. Main content The first section describes what organization is, what is management, why organization needs management, the definition of organizational behavior, the content of research and its latest progress, the relationship between organizational behavior and other disciplines, and the significance of learning organizational behavior. 2. Basic concepts and knowledge points Organization, management 3. Questions and applications (competence requirements) The knowledge of other disciplines is embodied in organizational behavior. Section 2 The History of Organizational Behavior 1. Main content The second section introduces the five stages of development of organizational
behavior.Including the early industrial psychology school,classical management school,behavior school,power change school and system school.Through this section, students should be able to gain a deeper understanding of the development process in the field of organizational behavior and its internal ideological context. 2.Basic concepts and knowledge points Five stages of the development of organizational behavior,the school of power change 3.Questions and applications(competence requirements) Five stages and representative figures of the development of organizational behavior Section 3 Research methods commonly used in organizational behavior 1.Main content The third section mainly introduces the research methods commonly used in organizational behavior.Students should be familiar with the common research methods of organizational behavior on the basis of understanding the terms of organizational behavior,and should learn to make objective evaluation and judgment on the western logical system of organizational behavior by using Marxist dialectical materialism and historical materialism methodology. 2.Basic concepts and knowledge points Questionnaire method,interview method,experimental research method, observation research method,case study method 3.Questions and applications(competence requirements) How to view the view that "human nature as a relatively stable attribute is basically static"? How to dialectically view human needs? (3)Thinking and practice ponder: How do Idefine organization and organizational behavior? What has been the development of organizational behavior? Discuss trends and challenges in organizational behavior What are the characteristics of organizational behavior in the context of Chinese culture?
behavior. Including the early industrial psychology school, classical management school, behavior school, power change school and system school. Through this section, students should be able to gain a deeper understanding of the development process in the field of organizational behavior and its internal ideological context. 2. Basic concepts and knowledge points Five stages of the development of organizational behavior, the school of power change 3. Questions and applications (competence requirements) Five stages and representative figures of the development of organizational behavior Section 3 Research methods commonly used in organizational behavior 1. Main content The third section mainly introduces the research methods commonly used in organizational behavior. Students should be familiar with the common research methods of organizational behavior on the basis of understanding the terms of organizational behavior, and should learn to make objective evaluation and judgment on the western logical system of organizational behavior by using Marxist dialectical materialismand historical materialism methodology. 2. Basic concepts and knowledge points Questionnaire method, interview method, experimental research method, observation research method, case study method 3. Questions and applications (competence requirements) How to view the view that "human nature as a relatively stable attribute is basically static"? How to dialectically view human needs? (3) Thinking and practice ponder: How do I define organization and organizational behavior? What has been the development of organizational behavior? Discuss trends and challenges in organizational behavior. What are the characteristics of organizational behavior in the context of Chinese culture?
(4)Teaching methods and means This chapter mainly uses the combination of classroom teaching,multimedia teaching,group discussion and classroom discussion. Chapter 1 Individual Psychology and Behavior (1)Purposes and requirements 1.Understand the definition and process of perception,master the definition of attribution and common attribution bias,the main theories that are more influential in attribution theory,and understand the meaning of decision- making and the classical decision-making model. 2.Master the meaning of values and their impact on individual behavior, understand the concept of attitudes,and understand the relationship between attitudes and behaviors. 3.Master the concept and classification of abilities. 4.Master the definition of personality and common personality models. 5.Understand the definition of emotional,emotional intelligence,and emotional labor,understand the causes and consequences of stress,and master the definition of occupational exhaustion and its effects on the individual Section 1Cognition and Decision-Making 1.Main content The first section introduces the definition and related theory of perception, attribution and decision-making,as well as the guiding significance of Marxist theory to individual cognition.Perception is the process by which an individual organizes and interprets sensory impressions in order to give some meaning to the observed object.The process of perception consists of five stages:attention,organization, interpretation,retrieval,and judgment.In real life,the process of analyzing the observed behavior results and inferring their causes is called attribution,and attribution theory is a social psychology theory about the perception explaining and inferring the causes of behavior between oneself and others,and is one of the important theoretical bases for motivating subordinates.Decision-making means,in a
(4) Teaching methods and means This chapter mainly uses the combination of classroom teaching, multimedia teaching, group discussion and classroom discussion. Chapter 1 Individual Psychology and Behavior (1) Purposes and requirements 1. Understand the definition and process of perception, master the definition of attribution and common attribution bias, the main theories that are more influential in attribution theory, and understand the meaning of decisionmaking and the classical decision-making model. 2. Master the meaning of values and their impact on individual behavior, understand the concept of attitudes, and understand the relationship between attitudes and behaviors. 3. Master the concept and classification of abilities. 4. Master the definition of personality and common personality models. 5. Understand the definition of emotional, emotional intelligence, and emotional labor, understand the causes and consequences of stress, and master the definition of occupational exhaustion and its effects on the individual Section 1 Cognition and Decision-Making 1. Main content The first section introduces the definition and related theory of perception, attribution and decision-making, as well as the guiding significance of Marxist theory to individual cognition. Perception is the process by which an individual organizes and interprets sensory impressions in order to give some meaning to the observed object. The process of perception consists of five stages: attention, organization, interpretation, retrieval, and judgment. In real life, the process of analyzing the observed behavior results and inferring their causes is called attribution, and attribution theory is a social psychology theory about the perception explaining and inferring the causes of behavior between oneself and others, and is one of the important theoretical bases for motivating subordinates. Decision-making means, in a
narrow sense,making choices in several behavioral scenarios,and broadly speaking, decision-making also includes all the activities that must be done before a final choice can be made.The content of perception,attribution and decision-making in this section mainly comes from the research of western management scholars and psychologists.Under the management situation of China,we should consciously use Marxist viewpoint and position to analyze these contents. 2.Basic concepts and knowledge points Perception,attribution,decision-making 3.Questions and applications(competence requirements) To analyze the influence of Weiner's attribution theory on individual behavior. What are the models of the decision-making process?Under what circumstances are they most likely to be effective? Section 2 Values and Attitudes 1.Main content The second section introduces the definition and related theories of values Marxist values and traditional Chinese values.Values represent the most basic belief that,from an individual or social point of view,a specific pattern of behavior or the ultimate state of existence is preferable to the opposite pattern of behavior or existence,and that work values have an impact on employee behavior and performance The study of values in organizational behavior focuses on the individual level,but for the organization and management of our country,we should adhere tothe values of Marxism, inherit and carry forward the excellent traditional values of China,and promote and carry forward the core values of socialism.Attitude refers to the more persistent and stable inner psychological tendency of individuals to specific things outside the world, and organizational behavior is mainly concerned with work-related attitudes. 2.Basic concepts and knowledge points Values,work values,socialist core values,attitudes,cognitive dissonance 3.Questions and applications(competence requirements) The impact of values on work behavior. How to deal with imbalances when attitudes and behaviours are inconsistent? The relationship between attitude and behavior Section 3 Capabilities
narrow sense, making choices in several behavioral scenarios, and broadly speaking, decision-making also includes all the activities that must be done before a final choice can be made. The content of perception, attribution and decision-making in this section mainly comes from the research of western management scholars and psychologists. Under the management situation of China, we should consciously use Marxist viewpoint and position to analyze these contents. 2. Basic concepts and knowledge points Perception, attribution, decision-making 3. Questions and applications (competence requirements) To analyze the influence of Weiner's attribution theory on individual behavior. What are the models of the decision-making process? Under what circumstances are they most likely to be effective? Section 2 Values and Attitudes 1. Main content The second section introduces the definition and related theories of values, Marxist values and traditional Chinese values. Values represent the most basic belief that, from an individual or social point of view, a specific pattern of behavior or the ultimate state of existence is preferable to the opposite pattern of behavior or existence, and that work values have an impact on employee behavior and performance. The study of values in organizational behavior focuses on the individual level, but for the organization and management of our country, we should adhere to the values of Marxism, inherit and carry forward the excellent traditional values of China, and promote and carry forward the core values of socialism. Attitude refers to the more persistent and stable inner psychological tendency of individuals to specific things outside the world, and organizational behavior is mainly concerned with work-related attitudes. 2. Basic concepts and knowledge points Values, work values, socialist core values, attitudes, cognitive dissonance 3. Questions and applications (competence requirements) The impact of values on work behavior. How to deal with imbalances when attitudes and behaviours are inconsistent? The relationship between attitude and behavior. Section 3 Capabilities
1.Main content Section 3 introduces the concept and classification of capabilities.Competence refers to the psychological characteristics that an individual needs to be able to successfully complete an activity.Individual abilities are diverse and can usually be divided into general abilities,special abilities,and creativity,and many theories about abilities are further and more specific in their classification 2.Basic concepts and knowledge points ability,general ability,special ability,creativity 3.Questions and applications(competence requirements) Analysis of human-post matching from the point of view of ability. Section 4Personality 1.Main content The fourth section introduces the definition,characteristics and Chinese and Western personality models.n organizational behavior,personality is defined as the sum of personal qualities appropriate to work.Personality is unique, stable integrated and functional.A large number of studies have explored the division and measurement of personality,including cartel personality trait theory,the big five model,the domestic scholars big seven factor model andso on. 2.Basic concepts and knowledge points Personality,Big-five personality,control point,self-esteem,self-monitoring,risk- taking 3.Questions and applications(competence requirements) The relationship between the dimensions of the five-year-old personality and the performance of the job. Section 5 Emotions and Stress 1.Main content Section 5 introduces the connotation,stress and causes and consequences of emotional intelligence,and the concept of occupational exhaustion.Emotion refers to a stronger emotional experience triggered by a particular person or thing.Stress refers to a dynamic situation in which an individual faces opportunities,limitations,or requirements related to the desired goal,and the results of such a dynamic situation are considered important and uncertain. Environmental,organizational and
1. Main content Section 3 introduces the concept and classification of capabilities. Competence refers to the psychological characteristics that an individual needs to be able to successfully complete an activity. Individual abilities are diverse and can usually be divided into general abilities,special abilities, and creativity, and many theories about abilities are further and more specific in their classification. 2. Basic concepts and knowledge points ability, general ability, special ability, creativity 3. Questions and applications (competence requirements) Analysis of human-post matching from the point of view of ability. Section 4 Personality 1. Main content The fourth section introduces the definition, characteristics and Chinese and Western personality models. In organizational behavior, personality is defined as the sum of personal qualities appropriate to work. Personality is unique, stable, integrated and functional. A large number of studies have explored the division and measurement of personality, including cartel personality trait theory, the big five model, the domestic scholars big seven factor model and so on. 2. Basic concepts and knowledge points Personality, Big-five personality, control point, self-esteem, self-monitoring, risktaking 3. Questions and applications (competence requirements) The relationship between the dimensions of the five-year-old personality and the performance of the job. Section 5 Emotions and Stress 1. Main content Section 5 introduces the connotation, stress and causes and consequences of emotional intelligence, and the concept of occupational exhaustion. Emotion refers to a stronger emotional experience triggered by a particular person or thing. Stress refers to a dynamic situation in which an individual faces opportunities, limitations, or requirements related to the desired goal, and the results of such a dynamic situation are considered important and uncertain. Environmental, organizational and
personal factors are all sources of stress,and the symptoms of stress can take many forms.When the work itself is over-demanding of an individual's abilities,energy,and resources,resulting in workers feeling exhausted,it can lead to occupational exhaustion. 2.Basic concepts and knowledge points Emotional,emotional intelligence,stress,career exhaustion 3.Questions and applications(competence requirements) What are the sources and consequences of stress? (3)Thinking and practice ponder: Explore the stereotype in the heart:Residents of all regions of China,state-owned enterprises,private enterprises,foreign enterprises practitioners. The cognitive dissonance between tobacco and health among tobacco company managers. The application of self-perception theory in explaining consumer behavior. practice: Attribution bias is reflected in the management of enterprises. The application of stress management method in working practice (4)Teaching methods and means This chapter mainly uses the combination of classroom teaching,multimedia teaching,group discussion and classroom discussion. Chapter 2 Motivation and Motivation (1)Purposes and requirements 1.Understand the needs theory of motivation,process theory,and comprehensive motivation theory. 2.Understand the general principles of motivation,the characteristics of motivation and the methods of motivation in the context of Chinese culture. Can use the theory to analyze and solve China's practical problems. (2)The content of the teaching Section 1Basic concepts
personal factors are all sources of stress, and the symptoms of stress can take many forms. When the work itself is over-demanding of an individual's abilities, energy, and resources, resulting in workers feeling exhausted, it can lead to occupational exhaustion. 2. Basic concepts and knowledge points Emotional, emotional intelligence, stress, career exhaustion 3. Questions and applications (competence requirements) What are the sources and consequences of stress? (3) Thinking and practice ponder: Explore the stereotype in the heart: Residents of all regions of China, state-owned enterprises, private enterprises, foreign enterprises practitioners. The cognitive dissonance between tobacco and health among tobacco company managers. The application of self-perception theory in explaining consumer behavior. practice: Attribution bias is reflected in the management of enterprises. The application of stress management method in working practice. (4) Teaching methods and means This chapter mainly uses the combination of classroom teaching, multimedia teaching, group discussion and classroom discussion. Chapter 2 Motivation and Motivation (1) Purposes and requirements 1. Understand the needs theory of motivation, process theory, and comprehensive motivation theory. 2. Understand the general principles of motivation, the characteristics of motivation and the methods of motivation in the context of Chinese culture. Can use the theory to analyze and solve China's practical problems. (2) The content of the teaching Section 1 Basic concepts
1.Main content The first section identifies the basic concepts of need,motivation,behavior,and motivation. 2.Basic concepts and knowledge points need,leading need,motivation,motivation strength,behavior,motivation 3.Questions and applications(competence requirements) The process of analyzing incentives. Section 2The Needs Theory of Incentives 1.Main content The second section introduces the need theory of motivation,including Maslow's theory of need hierarchy and Herzberg's two-factor theory. 2.Basic concepts and knowledge points Maslow's level of demand and defects,two-factor theory and defects 3.Questions and applications(competence requirements) In the practice of enterprises,how to make health care factors into motivators? Section 3 Process Theory of Motivation 1.Main content The third section introduces the process theory of motivation,including expectation theory,equity theory,goal setting theory and reinforcement theory. 2.Basic concepts and knowledge points Expectation theory,equity theory,goal setting theory and reinforcement theory 3.Questions and applications(competence requirements) Combined with the theory of expectation,the importance of self-efficacy is analyzed. Based on the theory of fairness,the principles of compensation and performance management are analyzed. Section 4 Comprehensive Incentive Theory 1.Maincontent The fourth section introduces the theory of comprehensive motivation and its enlightenment to us 2.Basic concepts and knowledge points Porter and Lawler's motivational model
1. Main content The first section identifies the basic concepts of need, motivation, behavior, and motivation. 2. Basic concepts and knowledge points need, leading need, motivation, motivation strength, behavior, motivation 3. Questions and applications (competence requirements) The process of analyzing incentives. Section 2 The Needs Theory of Incentives 1. Main content The second section introduces the need theory of motivation, including Maslow's theory of need hierarchy and Herzberg's two-factor theory. 2. Basic concepts and knowledge points Maslow's level of demand and defects, two-factor theory and defects 3. Questions and applications (competence requirements) In the practice of enterprises, how to make health care factors into motivators? Section 3 Process Theory of Motivation 1. Main content The third section introduces the process theory of motivation, including expectation theory, equity theory, goal setting theory and reinforcement theory. 2. Basic concepts and knowledge points Expectation theory, equity theory, goal setting theory and reinforcement theory 3. Questions and applications (competence requirements) Combined with the theory of expectation, the importance of self-efficacy is analyzed. Based on the theory of fairness, the principles of compensation and performance management are analyzed. Section 4 Comprehensive Incentive Theory 1. Main content The fourth section introduces the theory of comprehensive motivation and its enlightenment to us. 2. Basic concepts and knowledge points Porter and Lawler's motivational model
3.Questions and applications(competence requirements) The Enlightenment of Comprehensive Incentive Theory. Section 5 Incentive Practice in the Context of Chinese Culture 1.Main content The fifth section introduces the practice of motivation in Chinese organizations including general principles and characteristics of motivation. 2.Basic concepts and knowledge points Material incentive,spiritual incentive,incentive method 3.Questions and applications(competence requirements) Analysis of ways to improve the effectiveness of ideological work. (3)Thinking and practice ponder: The theory of expectations explains why some employees go back to work on a blizzard day,while others just don't want to go out What are the limitations of expectation theory in predicting an individual's work efforts and behaviors? practice: Unfairness can occur in the classroom or in the workplace.Briefly describe an unfair experience you've had and analyze it with the theory of fairness. Which of the applied practice methods of motivation theory is most impressed? Why? (4)Teaching methods and means This chapter mainly uses the combination of classroom teaching,multimedia teaching,group discussion and classroom discussion. Chapter 3 Group Psychology and Behavior (1)Purposes and requirements 1.Master the definition and type of group 2.Master the development period of the group. 3.Master the structure of the group. 4.Master common group behaviors
3. Questions and applications (competence requirements) The Enlightenment of Comprehensive Incentive Theory. Section 5 Incentive Practice in the Context of Chinese Culture 1. Main content The fifth section introduces the practice of motivation in Chinese organizations, including general principles and characteristics of motivation. 2. Basic concepts and knowledge points Material incentive, spiritual incentive, incentive method 3. Questions and applications (competence requirements) Analysis of ways to improve the effectiveness of ideological work. (3) Thinking and practice ponder: The theory of expectations explains why some employees go back to work on a blizzard day, while others just don't want to go out What are the limitations of expectation theory in predicting an individual's work efforts and behaviors? practice: Unfairness can occur in the classroom or in the workplace. Briefly describe an unfair experience you've had and analyze it with the theory of fairness. Which of the applied practice methods of motivation theory is most impressed? Why? (4) Teaching methods and means This chapter mainly uses the combination of classroom teaching, multimedia teaching, group discussion and classroom discussion. Chapter 3 Group Psychology and Behavior (1) Purposes and requirements 1. Master the definition and type of group. 2. Master the development period of the group. 3. Master the structure of the group. 4. Master common group behaviors
5.Learn how to manage conflicts between groups. (2)The content of the teaching Section 1 Group Overview 1.Main content Section I introduces the two definitions of groups,as well as two different ways of dividing them,including formal and informal groups,primary and secondary groups, and finally introduces the culture of the Chinese community standard. 2.Basic concepts and knowledge points groups,formal groups,informal groups 3.Questions and applications(competence requirements) The influence of group-based culture on work behavior. Section 2The process of group development 1.Main content The second section first introduces the two bases of group formation,namely,the completion of tasks and common destiny,and then introduces the five stages of group development:formation period,shock period,standardization period,mission period, suspension period. 2.Basic concepts and knowledge points The basis of group formation,the stage of group development,group cohesion 3.Questions and applications(competence requirements) How to improve group cohesion? Section 3 Group structure 1.Main content Section 3,which has structural characteristics,introduces important concepts, including categories and relationships,roles in groups,status in groups,group norms, group size and composition 2.Basic concepts and knowledge points Role,status,specification,scale,composition 3.Questions and applications(competence requirements) Based on group roles,analyze how to make members get their own way and improve group output
5. Learn how to manage conflicts between groups. (2) The content of the teaching Section 1 Group Overview 1. Main content Section I introduces the two definitions of groups, as well as two different ways of dividing them, including formal and informal groups, primary and secondary groups, and finally introduces the culture of the Chinese community standard. 2. Basic concepts and knowledge points groups, formal groups, informal groups 3. Questions and applications (competence requirements) The influence of group-based culture on work behavior. Section 2 The process of group development 1. Main content The second section first introduces the two bases of group formation, namely, the completion of tasks and common destiny, and then introduces the five stages of group development: formation period, shock period, standardization period, mission period, suspension period. 2. Basic concepts and knowledge points The basis of group formation, the stage of group development, group cohesion 3. Questions and applications (competence requirements) How to improve group cohesion? Section 3 Group structure 1. Main content Section 3, which has structural characteristics, introduces important concepts, including categories and relationships, roles in groups, status in groups, group norms, group size and composition. 2. Basic concepts and knowledge points Role, status, specification, scale, composition 3. Questions and applications (competence requirements) Based on group roles, analyze how to make members get their own way and improve group output