试卷代号：1066 中央广播电视大学2009一2010学年度第二学期“开放本科”期末考试 语言与应用语言学试题 2010年7月 注意事项 一、将你的学号、姓名及分校（工作站）名称填写在答题纸的规定栏 内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。试卷和答题纸均不得带 出考场。 二、仔细阅读题目的说明，并按题目要求答题。答案一定要写在答 题纸指定的位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。 三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。 You have 90 minutes to finish this exam. The exam consists of 3 sections: Section 1 Checking content awareness of the course I.Multiple Choice Questions (10 items,20 points,2 points for each item) II.Gap-filling (10 items,20 points,2 for each item) Section 2 Checking understanding of some general principles of language and linguistics III.True or False Questions (10 items,20 points,2 points for each item) IV.Matching (10 items,20 points,2 points for each item) Section 3 Checking analytic application (1 item,20 points) V.One analytic question about some linguistic phenomena This is a closed exam.You are not allowed to consult any reference books or with other examinees. 485
试卷代号 6 6 中央广播电视大学 0 0 2010 学年度第二学期 末考试 语言与应用语言学试题 2010 年7 注意事项 一、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏 内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。试卷和答题纸均不得带 出考场。 二、仔细阅读题目的说明，并按题目要求答题。答案一定要写在答 题纸指定的位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。 三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。 • You have 90 minutes to finish this exam. • The exam consists of 3 sections: Section 1 : Checking content awareness of the course I. Multiple Choice Questions (10 items , 20 points, 2 points for each item) II. Gap-filling (1 0 items, 20 points, 2 for each item) Section 2 : Checking understanding of some general principles of language and linguistics III. True or False Questions (10 items, 20 points, 2 points for each item) N. Matching (1 0 items, 20 points , 2 points for each item) Section 3 : Checking analytic application (1 item , 20 points) v. One analytic question about some linguistic phenomena • This is a closed exam. You are not allowed to consult any reference books or with other examinees. 485
Section 1:Checking content awareness of the course I.Items 1-10.Choose the best answer to complete each statement.Use your knowledge of the course to help you.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets(20 points,2 points for each item) 1.In Unit 1 of the course book,traditional and popular views of language are discussed. Traditionally people believe that words have_ A.power B.conceptual meaning C.magic D.affective meaning 2.In unit 2 of the course book,the physical aspects of language are discussed. According to the author,speech and writing are called A.the two of the common ways of communication B.the two basic language skills C.the two abstract aspects of language D.the two media of language 3.According to what has been discussed in unit 3,people's attitudes belongs to the subjective world because_ A.they are living in our mind B.they are material C.no one else can verify them D.they represent something material 4.In the process of abstracting,sometimes we need to classify an animal into a certain class meanwhile ignoring some differences.We call this step as A.bracketing B.achieving abstraction C.capturing immediate experience D.further abstracting 486
Section 1: Checking content awareness of the course I . Items 1-10. Choose the 臼t answer to complete each statement. Use your knowledge of the course to help you. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the bracketsC20 points, 2 points for each item) 1. In Unit 1 of the course book , traditional and popular views of language are discussed. Traditionally people believe that words have A. power B. conceptual meaning C. magic D. affective meaning 2. In unit 2 of the course book , the physical aspects of language are discussed. According to the author, speech and writing are called A. the two of the common ways of communication B. the two basic language skills C. the two abstract aspects of language D. the two media of language 3. According to what has been discussed in unit 3 , people' s attitudes belongs to the subjective world because A. they are living in our mind B. they are material C. no one else can verify them D. they represent something material 4. In the process of abstracting , sometimes we need to classify an animal into a certain class meanwhile ignoring some differences. We call this step as A. bracketing B. achieving abstraction C. capturing immediate experience D. further abstracting 486
5.Speech Act theory was firstly put forward by A.J.L.Austin B.Leech C.Noam Chomsky D.Clark Clark 6.The theme of Unit 3 is the nature of language in which the author describes one of the most fundamental aspects of linguistics. A.organic B.symbolic C.physical D.phonetic 7.There are two most common ways of representing language: A.examinations and signs B.English and international language C.signs and gestures D.speech and writing 8.In producing the sound /g/the part of the tongue is used. A.tip B.front C.blade D.back 9.The feature that distinguishes human language from animal language is the of human language. A.innateness B.vocalization C.symbolic aspect D.functionalism 487
5. Speech Act • theory was firstly put forward by A. J. L. Austin B. Leech C. Noam Chomsky D. Clark & Clark 6. The theme of Unit 3 is the nature of language in which the author describes one of the most fundamental aspects of linguistics. A. organic part of the tongue is used. B. symbolic C. physical D. phonetic 7. There are two most common ways of representing language: A. examinations and signs B. English and internationallanguage C. signs and gestures D. speech and writing 8. In producing the sound / g/ the A. tip B. front • C. blade D. back 9. The feature that distinguishes human language from animal language is the of human language. A. innateness B. vocalization C. symbolic aspect D. functionalism 487
10.A functional analysis of language studies A.what sort of things language helps us to do B.how language helps to define national identities C.how we organize our experience through language D.how we manage interpersonal relationships through language II.Items 11-20.Choose those words or phrases that best complete the following sentences. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Note that there are more words or phrases than necessary.(Box A is for items 11-15,and Box B for items 16-20.20 points,2 points for each item) Box A Box B A.maxims G.cognitive B.artificial intelligence H.homo sapiens C.orient I.homo habilis D.Piaget J.Lenneberg E.norms K.classification F.language L.stereotypes A.Professor Guide (in Unit 1)makes the major point that the possession of 11 by 12 has contributed to civilized and meaningful living. B.Research into how to make machines understand meaning is called the study of 13· C.When we name things it involves an act of 14.This act is not neutral therefore there are social as well as 15 repercussions. D.Chinese values associated with politeness are called 16.These are social 17 that govern social exchanges. 488
10. A functional analysis of language studies • 0, nyQU U QU O G l e'h anubuagb l ngbQU O +L ozi ··n·1 a QU A w.'n B. how language helps to define national identities C. how we organize our experience through language D. how we manage interpersonal relationships through language II. Items 11 一20. Choose those words or phrases that best complete the following sentences. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. Note that there are more words or phras than necessary. (Box A is for items 11 一15 and Box B for items 16-20. 20 points, 2 points for each item) Box A Box B A. maxims G. cognitive B. artificial intelligence H. homo sapiens C. orient I. homo habilis D. Piaget J. Lenneberg E. norms K. classification F. language L. stereotypes A. Professor Guide (in Unit 1) makes the major point that the possession of 11 by 12 has contributed to civilized and meaningful living. B. Research into how to make machines understand meaning is called the study of 13 • C. When we name things it involves an act of 14 . This act is not neutral therefore there are social as well as 15 repercussIOns. D. Chinese values associated with politeness are called 16 . These are social 17 that govern social exchanges. 488
E.Because of the nature of Western society,a person's occupation provides clues which people will use to 18 themselves towards others.Knowing a person's occupation also allows people to rely on 19 that make,for many people,a comfortable basis for continuing the conversation. F.One very influential theory concerning language acquisition,which relates to language environment and cognitive ability of children,was put forward by the psychologist 20· Section 2:Checking understanding of some general principles of language and linguistics I.Items 21-30.Decide if the following.items are TRUE or FALSE according to what you've learned from the course book(10 items,20 points,2 points for each item) 21.The English sounds [m]and [n]are produced by lowering the hard palate and expelling air out through the nose.Written communication can be made face-to-face between people. 22.The lips are a part of the vocal tract. 23.Language is either inside or outside the brain. 24.Some dialects or accents are related to social or economic status in China. 25.There is a one-to-one correspondence between a language and a writing system that realizes it. 26.According to this textbook the words brain and mind are interchangeable. 27.Language lives only in communities that actively use it. 28.Speech act theory accounts for the things we do with language. 29.Talk is the fourth function of language discussed in this textbook and has been a topic long ignored by linguistic experts. 30.The‘classical'view of the terms想想and操心was that because the radical心was used it connected the heart to the concept of thinking. 489
E. Because of the nature of Western society , a person' s occupation provides clues which people will use to 18 themselves towards others. Knowing a person' s occupation also people to rely on 19 that make , for many people , a comfortable basis for F. One very influential theory concerning language acquisition , which relates to language environment and cognitive ability of children , was put forward by the psychologist 20 • $ection 2: Checking understanding of some general principles of language and linguistics 噩. Items 21-30. Decide if the following .items are TRUE or FALSE according to what you've learned from the course book(lO items, 20 points, 2 points for each item) 21. The English sounds [m] and [n] are produced by lowering the hard palate and ~xpelling air out through the nose. Written communication can be made face-to-face between eople. 22. The lips are a part of the vocal tract. 23. Language is either inside or outside the brain. 24. Some dialects or accents are related to social or economic status in China. 25. There is a one-to-one correspondence between a language and a writing system that tealizes it. 26. According to this textbook the words brain and mind are interchangeable. 27. Language lives only in communities that actively use it. 28. Speech act theory accounts for the things we do with language. 29. Talk is the fourth function of language discussed in this textbook and has been a ~opic long ignored by linguistic experts. 30. The ‘ classical ' view of t he terms 想and 心was that because the radical 心was used it connected the heart to the concept of thinking. 489
IV.Items 31-40.Read the questions in Column A and choose the right one from Column B to answer each of them.Write the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.There is ONLY one answer for each question(10 items,20 points,2 points for each item) 31.When introducing each other in Chinese,people A.A restaurant script often say: “一您尊姓大名？” B.Bilingualism “一不敢不敢，免贵姓王，王斌。” Which politeness maxim does the conversation C.Expressing his opinion represent? D.A critical period 32."Cloud"as a word is related to the object it stands for in the mind that understand it. E.The maxim of self-denigration What linguistic relations do the statement and other-elevation exemplify? 33.“要写五万字？这么多！” F.A lateralization period By saying this,what illocutionary speech act is the speaker performing? G.Giving excuses 34.“您宰相肚里能撑船，大人不记小人过。” H.Paradigmatic relation From which perspective does the speaker apologize? I.The speaker-perspective 35.“My next appointment is waiting.” By saying in this way,which one of the safe ways J.Taboo Expressions does the speaker follow to close the conversation? K.Interpersonal language pattern 36.In Chinese,instead of saying an old person“死了 以后”，we use“百年之后”. L.The victim-perspective Which linguistic aspect do these expressions exemplify? M.Strike a good bargain 37.lnUS,“Grownup Chinese speak Chinese..”“ N.Schema knowledge Grownup Americans speak English.”“All Children speak English. O.Triadic relations Which Linguistic aspect do these quotations P.Euphemism represent? 38.A Chinese student may find it difficult to dine in a Q.Showing consideration western restaurant. What sort of linguistic knowledge does the R.Managing interpersonal relations student lack? with language 39."At the age of two,the two hemispheres began to show signs of separation in functions and the S.The maxim of using address process ended at puberty. According to the hypothesis,what is the period terms from age 2 to puberty called? T.Language and power 40.Which linguistic aspect does the saying“名不正则 言不顺”imply?? 490
N. Items 31-40. Read the questions in Column A and chω耐the right one from Column B to answer each of them. Write the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. There is ONLY one answer for each question(lO items, 20 points, 2 points for each item) 31. When introducing each other in Chinese , people often say: "您尊姓大名?" "不敢不敢，免贵姓王，王斌。" Which politeness maxim does the conversation represent? 32. "Cloud" as a word is related to the object it stands for in the mind that understand it. What linguistic relations do the statement exemplify? 33. "要写五万字?这么多!" By saying this, what illocutionary speech act is the speaker performing? 34. "您宰相肚里能撑船，大人不记小人过。" From which perspective does the speaker apologize? 35. " My next appointment is waiting. " By saying in this way , which one of the safe ways does the speaker follow to close the conversation? 36. In Chinese , instead of saying an old person" 以后"， we use"百年 Which linguistic aspect do these expressions exemplify? 37. In US , "Grownup Chinese speak Chinese." " Grownup Americans speak English." "All Children speak English. " Which Linguistic aspect do these quotations represent? 38. A Chinese student may find it difficult to dine in a western restaurant. What sort of linguistic knowledge does the student lack? 39. "At the age of two , the two hemispheres began to show signs of separation in functions and the process ended at puberty. " According to the hypothesis, what is the period from age 2 to puberty called? 40. Which linguistic aspect does the saying" 言不 imply? 490 A. A restaurant script B. Bilingualism C. Expressing his opinion D. A critical period E. The maxim of self-denigration and other-elevation F. A lateralization period G. Giving excuses H. Paradigmatic relation I. The speaker-perspective J. Taboo Expressions K. Interpersonal language pattern L. The victim-perspective Strike a good bargain N. Schema knowledge O. Triadic relations P. Euphemism Q. Showing consideration R. Managing interperson且I relations with language S. The maxim of using address terms T. Language and power
Section 3:Checking understanding of some specific aspects of language and linguistics V.Item 41.Provide brief analysis to the questions below,using the linguistic knowledge you have learned in the course.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET(20 points) 41.In Unit 3,there is a paragraph as follows: "..When we say that in Chinese chess there are five "soldiers",we must realize that they are abstract soldiers which can be materialized in any solid substance.The abstract “soldiers”are made“soldiers”because there are rules dictating the way they are used in the game. You may argue that we cannot say that the materials of which Chinese chess is made are not significant.For instance,wood chess pieces can be less expensive than stone ones.Or magnetic chess pieces can be hung on the wall so that an audience can watch players play. Your reasoning is sound,but is irrelevant to the point we talk about.Our question is what makes a "soldier"a soldier in Chinese chess.Your objection is about the differences in chess material..” Discuss the ways in which words are like the chess pieces. 491
Section 3: Checking understanding of some specific aspects of language and linguistics V. Item 41. Provide brief analysis to the questions below , using the linguistic knowledge you have learned in the course. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET(20 points) owco -- aQU 0 'n eVAE --ca a paVAaUbTAap 4··‘'n , n Un &B qJ ‘ "... When we say that in Chinese chess there are five" soldiers" , we must realize that they are abstract soldiers which can be materialized in any solid substance. The abstract "soldiers" are made" soldiers" because there are rules dictating the way they are used in the game. ••• You may argue that we cannot say that the materials of which Chinese chess is made are not significant. For instance , wood chess pieces can be less expensive than stone ones. Or magnetic chess pieces can be hung on the wall so that an audience can watch players play. Your reasoning is sound , but is irrelevant to the point we talk about. Our question is what makes a "soldier" a soldier in Chinese chess. Your objection is about the differences in chess matErial-" Discuss the ways in which words are like the chess pieces. ••• 491
试卷代号：1066 座位口 中央广播电视大学2009一2010学年度第二学期“开放本科”期末考试 语言与应用语言学试题答题纸 2010年7月 题 号 I Ⅱ Ⅲ N V 总 分 分数 得 分 评卷人 I.(10 items,20 points,2 points for each item) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 得 分 评卷人 II.(10 items,20 points,2 points for each item) 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 得 分 评卷人 II.(10 items,20 points,2 points for each item) 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26 27. 28. 29. 30. 492
试卷代号 6 6 座位号 中央广播电视大学 2 0 0 2010 学年度第二学 末考试 语言与应用语言学试题答题纸 2010 年7 题号 I E N V 总分 分数 得分|评卷人 I. (10 items, 20 points, 2 points for each item) 1. 6. 2. 7. 3. 8. 4. 9. 5. 10. 得分!评卷人 II. (10 items, 20 points, 2 points for each item) 11. 16. 12. 17. 13. 18. 14. 19. 15. 20. 得分|评卷人 田. (10 items, 20 points, 2 points for each item) 21. 26. 492 22. 27. 23. 28. 24. 29. 25. 30
得分 评卷人 IV.(10 items,20 points,2 points for each item) 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 得 分 评卷人 IV.item,20 points) 41. 493
得分|评卷人 N. (10 items, 20 points, 2 points for each item) 31. 36. 得分|评卷人 41. 32. 37. 33. 38. N. ( item, 20 points) 34. 39. 35. 40. 493
试卷代号：1066 中央广播电视大学2009一2010学年度第二学期“开放本科”期末考试 语言与应用语言学试题答案及评分标准 (供参考) 2010年7月 I.(10 items,20 points,2 point for each item) 1.C 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.A II.(10 items,20 points,2 points for each item) 11.F 12.H 13.B 14.K 15.G 16.A 17.E 18.C 19.L 20.D I.(10 items,20 points,2 point for each item) 21.F 22.T 23.F 24.T 25.F 26.F 27.T 28.T 29.T 30.T IV.(10 items,20 points,2 points for each item) 31.E 32.O 33.C 34.L 35.G 36.P 37.K 38.A 39.D 40.R V.(20 points) (问题) 41.In Unit 3,there is a paragraph as follows: "..when we say that in Chinese chess there are five "soldiers",we must realize that they are abstract soldiers which can be materialized in any solid substance.The abstract “soldiers'”are made“soldiers'”because there are rules dictating the way they are used in the game. You may argue that we cannot say that the materials of which Chinese chess is made are 494
试卷代号 6 6 中央广播电视大学 0 0 2010 年 度 第 语言与应用语言'坠 试题答案及评分标准 (供参考) 2010 年7 I. (10 items, 20 points, 2 point for each item) 1. C 6. C 2. D 7. B 3. C 8. D 4. B 9. C 5. A 10. A II. (1 0 items, 20 points, 2 points for each item) 11. F 16. A 12. H 17. E 13. B 18. C 14. K 19. L 15. G 20. D 田. (1 0 items, 20 points, 2 point for each item) 21. F 26. F 22. T 27. T 23. F 28. T 24. T 29. T 25. F 30. T N. (10 items, 20 points, 2 points for each item) 31. E 36. P v. (20 points) (问题) 32. 0 37. K 33. C 38. A 34. L 39. D 35. G 40. R 41. In Unit 3 , there is a paragraph as follows: "... when we say that in Chinese chess there are five" soldiers" , we must realize that they are abstract soldiers which can be materialized in any solid substance. The abstract "soldiers" are made "soldiers" because there are rules dictating the way they are used in the game. ••• You may argue that we cannot say that the materials of which Chinese chess is made are 494