CAPITVLVM QVINTVM DECIMVM CAP.XV 第十五讲 ● 不定式 ● 间接陈述句 ● 反身代词和反身物主代词：强势代词 Paulus and Lucia (XV) Part 1语法 一不定式 1不定式的语态和时态 语态：主动与被动 时态：现在时、完成时、将来时 不定式的变位 主动态 被动态 现在时 -are,-ere,-ere,-ire -ari,-eri,-i,-iri 完成时 完成时词千+-isse 完成时被动态分词+esse 将来时 将来时主动态分词+esse (以-um结尾的目的动名词+iri)-不常用 示例 主动态 现在时 laudare monere agere audire capere 完成时 laudav-isse monu-isse eg-isse audiv-isse cep-isse 将来时 laudaturus- moniturus- acturus- aduiturus- capturus- -a,-um -a,-um -a,-um -a,-um -a,-um esse esse esse esse esse 被动态 现在时 laudari moneri agi audiri capi 完成时 laudatus- monitus- actus- aduitus- captus- -a,-um -a,-um -a,-um -a,-m -a,-um esse esse esse esse esse 将来时 laudatum iri monitum iri actum iri auditum iri captum iri 2不定式的用法 (1)作主语 errare est humanum (2)作表语 videre est credere (3)作宾语 discedere nunc possum
CAPITVLVM QVINTVM DECIMVM CAP.XV 第十五讲 不定式 间接陈述句 反身代词和反身物主代词；强势代词 Paulus and Lucia (XV) Part 1 语法 一不定式 1 不定式的语态和时态 语态：主动与被动 时态：现在时、完成时、将来时 不定式的变位 主动态 被动态 现在时 -are, -ere, -ere, -ire -ari, -eri, -i, -iri 完成时 完成时词干+ -isse 完成时被动态分词+esse 将来时 将来时主动态分词+esse (以-um 结尾的目的动名词+iri)-不常用 示例 主动态 现在时 laudare monere agere audire capere 完成时 laudav-isse monu-isse eg-isse audiv-isse cep-isse 将来时 laudaturus- moniturus- acturus- aduiturus- capturus- -a, -um -a,-um -a,-um -a,-um -a,-um esse esse esse esse esse 被动态 现在时 laudari moneri agi audiri capi 完成时 laudatus- monitus- actus- aduitus- captus- -a, -um -a,-um -a,-um -a,-um -a,-um esse esse esse esse esse 将来时 laudatum iri monitum iri actum iri auditum iri captum iri 2 不定式的用法 (1)作主语 errare est humanum (2)作表语 videre est credere (3)作宾语 discedere nunc possum
CAPITVLVM QVINTVM DECIMVM CAP.XV (4)作宾格主语的直接宾语一宾格接不定式(accusative cum infinite:ACI) lussit eos venire Dicit se audire (5)“主格接不定式”(nominative cum infiniti::NCI):当“说”用作被动陈述 (dicitur,,dicuntur),不定式的主语仍为主格，如： Puellam amavisse dicitur it is said he loved this girl. Magistri scrituri esse vobis dicuntur.It is said teachers will write a letter to you. (6)间接陈述句，见下节 二间接陈述句 1结构特征：主要动词((“言说”、“感知”、“意愿”等)+宾格+不定式短语 翻译：用that-从句把不定式短语变成一般从句 英语的间接陈述 the teacher says that Julia is a good student Julia thinks that she(herself)is a good student 拉丁语的间接陈述 magister dicit Iulia esse discipulam bonam lulia putat se esse bonam discipulam 2间接陈述中不定式的时态 Dicunt eum iuvare/ iuvisse/iuturum esse/ eam They say that he is helping/helped/will help her Dixerunt eum iuvare/ iuvisse/iuturum esse/ eam They said that he was helping/had helped/would help her Dicent eum iuvare/iuvisse/iuturum esse/ eam They will say that he is helping/helped/will help her 可见，不论主要动词处于什么时态(dcunt,dixerunt,dicent),不定式都可用现在 时(iuvare)、完成时(iuvisse)、将来时(iuturum esse)。 现在时不定式：与主语动词同时发生 完成时不定式：在主语动词之前发生 将来时不定式：在主要动词之后发生 在下面的例句中，注意时态的翻译、反身代词的使用、分词词尾与宾格主语的一 致，以及被动迂说法（形动词+ess,表示强制性的动作）的使用。 Gaius dicit se iuvisse eam.G.says that he (G)helped her. Gaius dixit eum iuvisse eam.G said that he(eg.Marcus)had helped her. Gaius dicit litteras a se scriptas esse.G says that the letter was written by him (G) Gaius dicit letteras tibi scribendas esse.G says that the letter ought to be written by
CAPITVLVM QVINTVM DECIMVM CAP.XV (4)作宾格主语的直接宾语—宾格接不定式（accusative cum infinite: ACI） Iussit eos venire Dicit se audire (5) “主格接不定式”（nominative cum infiniti: NCI）:当“说”用作被动陈述 （dicitur, dicuntur）,不定式的主语仍为主格，如： Puellam amavisse dicitur it is said he loved this girl. Magistri scrituri esse vobis dicuntur. It is said teachers will write a letter to you. (6) 间接陈述句，见下节 二 间接陈述句 1 结构特征：主要动词（（“言说”、“感知”、“意愿”等）+宾格+不定式短语 翻译：用 that-从句把不定式短语变成一般从句 英语的间接陈述 the teacher says that Julia is a good student Julia thinks that she (herself) is a good student 拉丁语的间接陈述 magister dicit Iulia esse discipulam bonam Iulia putat se esse bonam discipulam 2 间接陈述中不定式的时态 Dicunt eum iuvare/ iuvisse/ iuturum esse/ eam They say that he is helping/ helped/ will help her Dixerunt eum iuvare/ iuvisse/ iuturum esse/ eam They said that he was helping/ had helped/ would help her Dicent eum iuvare/ iuvisse/ iuturum esse/ eam They will say that he is helping/ helped/ will help her 可见，不论主要动词处于什么时态（dcunt, dixerunt, dicent）,不定式都可用现在 时（iuvare）、完成时（iuvisse）、将来时（iuturum esse）。 现在时不定式：与主语动词同时发生 完成时不定式：在主语动词之前发生 将来时不定式：在主要动词之后发生 在下面的例句中，注意时态的翻译、反身代词的使用、分词词尾与宾格主语的一 致，以及被动迂说法（形动词+esse，表示强制性的动作）的使用。 Gaius dicit se iuvisse eam. G. says that he (G.) helped her. Gaius dixit eum iuvisse eam. G. said that he(eg. Marcus) had helped her. Gaius dicit litteras a se scriptas esse. G. says that the letter was written by him (G.) Gaius dicit letteras tibi scribendas esse. G. says that the letter ought to be written by
CAPITVLVM QVINTVM DECIMVM CAP.XV you (or:that you ought to write the letter) Discipuli putant se linguam Latinam amaturos esse.The students think that they will love the Latin language. Magistra scivit discipulas Latinam amaturas esse.the teacher knew that the students would love Latin. 三反身代词和反身物主代词：强势代词 1反身代词 反身代词回指主语。第一、第二人称的反身代词等于其相应的人称代词。第三人 称才有专用的反身代词，不分性属，单复同形。 反身代词没有主格形式。 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 nom acc. me te se gen. mei tui sui dat. mihi tibi sibi abl. me te se nos VOS se nostri vestri sui nobis vobis sibi nobis vobis se 2反身物主代词 第一人称meS--um(my own),noster(our own) 第二人称tus--m(your own),vester(your own) 第三人称SuuS,Sua,SuWm 第13讲课文中的例句： Ubi sunt nostri hospites? Unus ex discipulis meis... Quis ex tuis dicipulis 注意： (1)第三人称物主代词为形容词，必须与所修饰的名词在性、数、格上保持 一致： (2)翻译时必须反映它所指代的主语：如： Vir filium suum laudat the man praise his own son. Femina filiam suam laudat the woman praise her own daught. Viri partriam suam laudant the man praise their own son (3)反身物代词形容词要与物主代词属格(eius,eorum,eraum)区别开来，后 者不指涉主语
CAPITVLVM QVINTVM DECIMVM CAP.XV you (or: that you ought to write the letter) Discipuli putant se linguam Latinam amaturos esse. The students think that they will love the Latin language. Magistra scivit discipulas Latinam amaturas esse. the teacher knew that the students would love Latin. 三 反身代词和反身物主代词；强势代词 1 反身代词 反身代词回指主语。第一、第二人称的反身代词等于其相应的人称代词。第三人 称才有专用的反身代词，不分性属，单复同形。 反身代词没有主格形式。 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 nom. acc. me te se gen. mei tui sui dat. mihi tibi sibi abl. me te se -- -- -- nos vos se nostri vestri sui nobis vobis sibi nobis vobis se 2 反身物主代词 第一人称 meus-a-um (my own) , noster (our own ) 第二人称 tuus-a-um ( your own), vester ( your own) 第三人称 suus, sua, suum 第 13 讲课文中的例句： Ubi sunt nostri hospites? Unus ex discipulis meis… Quis ex tuis dicipulis ? 注意： （1） 第三人称物主代词为形容词，必须与所修饰的名词在性、数、格上保持 一致； （2） 翻译时必须反映它所指代的主语：如： Vir filium suum laudat the man praise his own son. Femina filiam suam laudat the woman praise her own daught. Viri partriam suam laudant the man praise their own son （3） 反身物代词形容词要与物主代词属格（eius, eorum, eraum）区别开来, 后 者不指涉主语
CAPITVLVM QVINTVM DECIMVM CAP.XV 3强势代词Ipse,Ipsa,Ipsum (1)Ipse,Ipsa,Ipsum用于强调主语或谓语中的任何人称的名次或代词。翻译 为：myself/ourselves,yourself/yourselves,himselvf,herself,.itself/themselves.有时， 视语境翻译为：the very,.the actual/actually 例句：Cicero ipse laudavit me Cicero himself praised me. Cicero laudavit me ipsum Cicero praised me myself/actually praised me. (2) 变格表 sg. pl ipse ipsa ipsum ipsi Ipsae ipsa ipsum ipsae ipsum Ipsos Ipsas ipsa Ipsuis Ipsuis ipsuis ipsorum ipsarum ipsorum 1ps1 IpSI Ipsi Ipsis IpSIs IpSIs ipso ipsa ipso ipsis ipsis ipsis Part 2 Paulus and Lucia(XV) In dumis se celant Peregrini per silvam ad monasterium iter faciebant,sequentibus furtim Lucia et Paulo. Mox peregrini prope monasterium constiterunt,et aliis Ricardus ecclesiam monstravit. Itaque Lucia et Paulus ad eos audiendos se in dumis celaverunt. 'Ecce ecclesia,'vocem Ricardi audire potuerunt,'Nunc abite quod in hoc loco estis non conspiciendi.Valete.' 'Ille est proditor,'murmuravit Paulus,'Pater Ricardus est proditor.Malus.turpis, ignavus,saevus,crudelis.scelestus.....' 'Sst,'iterum illa ad os eius manum posuit,iterum eam Paulus basiavit. 'Desine!Cave ne peregrini nos audiant.' 'Quid est agendum ?rogavit Paulus. 'Pete fideles amicos quibus omnia referas.Cui monachorum credis?' 'Magistro Stephano,qui est aliquando austerus sed vero benignus.' 'Huic ergo refer:i,in monasterium festina!Eho,siste!Mulus ducendus.'His dictis Lucia in equum ascendit. 'Et tu,'respondit ille,'Quid in animo habes?' Ego Ricardum observabo.Nunc abeundum!'Lucia eum cum mulo ad monasterium lente euntem spectavit;deinde ipsa,equo citato,abiit. Commentaria 1 Peregrini per silvam ad monasterium iter faciebant The pilgrims were making their way through the wood towards the monastery faciebant facio,facere,feci,factum 3/4 make/build/construct/create/cause/do;iter itineris 3 [n]nom.=acc. 2 sequentibus furtim Lucia et Paulo,with Lucia and Paul following secretly,sequentiubs sequens>
CAPITVLVM QVINTVM DECIMVM CAP.XV 3 强势代词 Ipse, Ipsa, Ipsum （1） Ipse, Ipsa, Ipsum 用于强调主语或谓语中的任何人称的名次或代词。翻译 为：myself/ ourselves, yourself/yourselves, himselvf,herself,itself/ themselves 。有时， 视语境翻译为：the very, the actual/ actually 例句： Cicero ipse laudavit me Cicero himself praised me. Cicero laudavit me ipsum Cicero praised me myself/ actually praised me. （2） 变格表 sg. pl. ipse ipsa ipsum ipsi ipsae ipsa ipsum ipsae ipsum ipsos ipsas ipsa ipsuis ipsuis ipsuis ipsorum ipsarum ipsorum ipsi ipsi ipsi ipsis ipsis ipsis ipso ipsa ipso ipsis ipsis ipsis Part 2 Paulus and Lucia (XV) In dumis se celant Peregrini per silvam ad monasterium iter faciebant, sequentibus furtim Lucia et Paulo. Mox peregrini prope monasterium constiterunt, et aliis Ricardus ecclesiam monstravit. Itaque Lucia et Paulus ad eos audiendos se in dumis celaverunt. 'Ecce ecclesia,' vocem Ricardi audire potuerunt, 'Nunc abite quod in hoc loco estis non conspiciendi. Valete.' 'Ille est proditor,' murmuravit Paulus, 'Pater Ricardus est proditor. Malus. turpis, ignavus, saevus, crudelis. scelestus .....' 'Sst,' iterum illa ad os eius manum posuit, iterum eam Paulus basiavit. 'Desine! Cave ne peregrini nos audiant.' 'Quid est agendum ?' rogavit Paulus. 'Pete fideles amicos quibus omnia referas. Cui monachorum credis?' 'Magistro Stephano, qui est aliquando austerus sed vero benignus.' 'Huic ergo refer: i, in monasterium festina! Eho, siste! Mulus ducendus. ' His dictis Lucia in equum ascendit. 'Et tu,' respondit ille, 'Quid in animo habes?' 'Ego Ricardum observabo. Nunc abeundum!' Lucia eum cum mulo ad monasterium lente euntem spectavit; deinde ipsa, equo citato, abiit. Commentaria 1 Peregrini per silvam ad monasterium iter faciebant The pilgrims were making their way through the wood towards the monastery faciebant facio, facere, feci, factum 3/4 make/build/construct/create/cause/do; iter itineris 3 [n] nom.=acc. 2 sequentibus furtim Lucia et Paulo，独立夺格 with Lucia and Paul following secretly; sequentiubs sequens>
CAPITVLVM QVINTVM DECIMVM CAP.XV sequnetis gen.>sequentibus abl.pl. 3 Itaque Lucia et Paulus ad eos audiendos se in dumis celaverunt So Lucia and Paul hid in the undergrowth in order to hear them,ad eos audiendos将来被动动形词acc. 4 Nunc abite quod in hoc loco estis non conspiciendi Now go away because you should not be spotted in this place,abite imp.,estis non conspiciendi被动迂说法的否定式l54 5 Malus.turpis,ignavus,saevus,crudelis.scelestus..Evil,disgraceful.cowardly,mean.cruel,wicked 6 Cave ne peregrini nos audiant Be carful lest the strangers to listen us.cave ne--从句，表示否定，详见下讲 audiantsub.pl.。 7 Quid est agendum What is to be done,est agendum被动迂说法：动形词+sum 8 Pete fideles amicos quibus omnia referas Seek out your reliable friends and tell them everything referas you may tell.refero referre 9 Cui monachorum credis Which of the monks do you trust.Cui dat which.credere 3+dat. 10 Mulus ducendus You must take the mule 11 His dictis Lucia in equum ascendit Saying this Lucia got up on to her horse;dico,dicere,dixi,dictum 3 say,declare;dictis plabl.dictus-a-um 12 nunc abeundum est.Now it's time to go;abeo,abire,abivi(ii),abitus,eo,ire,ivi(ii),itus;iens,(gen.: euntis),形动词eundus-a-um 13 equo citato (n+adj)abs.abl;citatus-a-um quick,swift Vocabula nova abite pl.imp.+te depart,go away! g0！ abeo,abire,abivi(ii),abitum in animo habeo-ere have in mind, aliquando sometimes intend audiant sub.(they)may hear iter facio-ere make one's way audio-ire,audivi,auditum 4 iter itineris 3 [n]nom.=acc.joumey;road;passage, austerus-a-um bitter,sour,strict path: benignus-a-um kind monstravit benignity n.仁慈，善行 monstro-are I show;point out cave ne... be careful lest.. observo-are watch caveo-ere-vi-utum 2 beware,take precautions pete imp. citatus-a-um quick,swift peto-ere petivi,petitum 3 seek cito-are-avi-atum rouse/stir pono-ere-sui-situm place,put consisto-ere-stiti stop proditor-is [m] traitor credo-ere [+dat.] believe,trust quibus to whom credit,credence refer tell,report! cui [dat.] whom refero,referre,retuli,relatum 3 dumus-i [m] thicket referas you may report dumpy adj..矮胖的，粗短的 scelestus-a-um wicked euntem him as he went sequens following fidelis loyal siste stop！ fidelity n.忠实，诚实，忠诚，保真度 sisto,sistere,stiti,statum 3 stop Credere est intellegere Discipuli in schola theologiam a Stephano docebantur. 'O discipuli,non quaero intellegere ut credam,sed credo ut intellegam.Praeterea,' inquit Stephanus,'philosophiam per dialecticam scimus sed veritatem agnoscimus gratia
CAPITVLVM QVINTVM DECIMVM CAP.XV sequnetis gen.> sequentibus abl.pl. 3 Itaque Lucia et Paulus ad eos audiendos se in dumis celaverunt So Lucia and Paul hid in the undergrowth in order to hear them; ad eos audiendos 将来被动动形词 acc. 4 Nunc abite quod in hoc loco estis non conspiciendi Now go away because you should not be spotted in this place; abite imp.; estis non conspiciendi 被动迂说法的否定式 154 5 Malus. turpis, ignavus, saevus, crudelis. scelestus .....Evil, disgraceful, cowardly, mean, cruel, wicked 6 Cave ne peregrini nos audiant Be carful lest the strangers to listen us. cave ne-从句，表示否定，详见下讲. audiantsub.pl.。 7 Quid est agendum What is to be done; est agendum 被动迂说法: 动形词+sum 8 Pete fideles amicos quibus omnia referas Seek out your reliable friends and tell them everything referas 虚拟 式 you may tell. refero referre 9 Cui monachorum credis Which of the monks do you trust. Cui dat which. credere 3 +dat. 10 Mulus ducendus You must take the mule 11 His dictis Lucia in equum ascendit Saying this Lucia got up on to her horse; dico, dicere, dixi, dictum 3 say, declare; dictis pl.abl. dictus-a-um 12 nunc abeundum 省略了 est. Now it’s time to go ; abeo, abire, abivi(ii), abitus; eo, ire, ivi(ii), itus; iens, (gen.: euntis ) ,形动词 eundus-a-um 13 equo citato (n+adj) abs.abl.; citatus-a-um quick, swift Vocabula nova abite pl. imp. +te depart, go away! abeo, abire, abivi(ii), abitum aliquando sometimes audiant sub. (they) may hear audio-ire, audivi, auditum 4 austerus-a-um bitter, sour, strict benignus-a-um kind benignity n. 仁慈, 善行 cave ne... be careful lest... caveo-ere-vi-utum 2 beware, take precautions citatus-a-um quick, swift cito-are-avi-atum rouse/stir consisto-ere-stiti stop credo-ere [+dat.] believe, trust credit, credence cui [dat.] whom dumus-i [m] thicket dumpy adj. 矮胖的, 粗短的 euntem him as he went fidelis loyal fidelity n. 忠实, 诚实, 忠诚, 保真度 i! go! in animo habeo-ere have in mind, intend iter facio-ere make one's way iter itineris 3 [n] nom.=acc. journey; road; passage, path; monstravit monstro-are 1 show; point out observo-are watch pete imp. peto-ere petivi, petitum 3 seek pono-ere-sui-situm place, put proditor-is [m] traitor quibus to whom refer tell, report! refero, referre, retuli, relatum 3 referas you may report scelestus-a-um wicked sequens following siste stop! sisto, sistere, stiti, statum 3 stop Credere est intellegere Discipuli in schola theologiam a Stephano docebantur. 'O discipuli, non quaero intellegere ut credam, sed credo ut intellegam. Praeterea,' inquit Stephanus, 'philosophiam per dialecticam scimus sed veritatem agnoscimus gratia
CAPITVLVM QVINTVM DECIMVM CAP.XV Dei,Scribitis-ne?Nunc est scribendum.' 'Veritatem-ne autem agnoscere possumus ipsam per dialecticam?'rogavit Augustinus. 'Minime,'respondit magister.'Cur tu semper contradicis,Augustine?Maioribus numquam credis?' 'Nonne autem,ut dixit Socrates,homo veritatem per dialecticam agnoscere potest?' 'Cave ne blasphemes,'admonuit Stephanus,'Graeci quidem sapientes erant,sed nos sapientiores sumus quod Dei sapientiam illorum eruditioni additam habemus.Veritatem iam habemus.Per veritatem opus Dei in terra revelatur.Nunc est scribendum:credere est scire,scire est intellegere,intellegere est credere....' Videre est spectare bellissimam!'exclamavit Augustinus. 'Quid dixisti?'rogavit Stephanus. 'Illic est amica Pauli,'exclamavit Augustinus per fenestram spectans. 'O Augustine,nisi tacebis,Pater Ricardus ad vos docendos reveniet.' 'Ibi quoque est Paulus?ducens mulum in monasterium,'inquit Augustinus. 'Paulus?Num Paulus iam adest?'inquit Stephanus ad fenestram festinans.'Eheu, ecce coquus est iratus.Paulus nihil emisse videtur.' Mox Paulus e culina fugiens in scholam irruit et Stephano 'Pater,Pater!'clamavit, 'Pater Stephane.....Pater Ricardus...Pater Ricardus...'inquit Paulus balbus. 'Pater Ricardus non adest.Quid tibi cum Pater Ricardo est?Dic mihi.' Commentaria 1 discipuli in schola theologiam a Stephano docebantur the students was taught the theology by Stephen in the school.docebantur passive past 2 non quaero intellegere ut credam,sed credo ut intellegam I do not seek to understand that I may believe,but I believe so that I may understand..ut credam sub虚拟式.that I may believe,ut intellegam虚拟式so that I may understand. 3 philosophiam per dialecticam scimus sed veritatem agnoscimus gratia Dei we come to know philosophy through discussion but the truth itselfwe recognise by the grace of God sc-imus pl scio,scire,scivi,scitum 4;agnosc-imus agnosco,agnoscere,agnovi,agnitum 3 gratia,gratiae If,gratia dei abl. 4 Scribitis-ne?Nunc est scribendum Are you writing?it should be written:.scribendum将来被动形动词 scrib.itis pl.scribo,scribere,scripsi,scriptum 3 5 Veritatem-ne autem agnoscere possumus ipsam per dialecticam?Can we recognise the truth through discussion 6 Maioribus numquam credis?Do you never believe(in)your elders;credere (with dat.),maior maioris ancestors (pl.);maioribus dat. 7 homo veritatem per dialecticam agnoscere potest a man can come to recognise the truth through argument. homo,hominis 3[m]man,human being 8 Graeci quidem sapientes erant,sed nos sapientiores sumus quod Dei sapientiam [illorum eruditioni additam habemus The Greeks indeed were wise,but we are wiser because we have the wisdom of God (which have been) added to their learning: sapiens sapientis 3N,wise;sapientes nom.pl sapientior-or -us,adj.comp.;ior ior-is sapientiores nom.pl. sapientia,sapientiae I f.wisdom sapientiam acc. illorum gen.pl.those ille illa illud
CAPITVLVM QVINTVM DECIMVM CAP.XV Dei, Scribitis-ne? Nunc est scribendum.' 'Veritatem-ne autem agnoscere possumus ipsam per dialecticam?' rogavit Augustinus. 'Minime,' respondit magister. 'Cur tu semper contradicis, Augustine? Maioribus numquam credis?' 'Nonne autem, ut dixit Socrates, homo veritatem per dialecticam agnoscere potest?' 'Cave ne blasphemes,' admonuit Stephanus, 'Graeci quidem sapientes erant, sed nos sapientiores sumus quod Dei sapientiam illorum eruditioni additam habemus. Veritatem iam habemus. Per veritatem opus Dei in terra revelatur. Nunc est scribendum: credere est scire, scire est intellegere, intellegere est credere....' 'Videre est spectare bellissimam!' exclamavit Augustinus. 'Quid dixisti?' rogavit Stephanus. 'Illic est amica Pauli,' exclamavit Augustinus per fenestram spectans. 'O Augustine, nisi tacebis，Pater Ricardus ad vos docendos reveniet.' 'Ibi quoque est Paulus? ducens mulum in monasterium,' inquit Augustinus. 'Paulus? Num Paulus iam adest?' inquit Stephanus ad fenestram festinans. 'Eheu, ecce coquus est iratus. Paulus nihil emisse videtur.' Mox Paulus e culina fugiens in scholam irruit et Stephano 'Pater, Pater!' clamavit, 'Pater Stephane..... Pater Ricardus ... Pater Ricardus...' inquit Paulus balbus. 'Pater Ricardus non adest. Quid tibi cum Pater Ricardo est? Dic mihi.' Commentaria 1 discipuli in schola theologiam a Stephano docebantur the students was taught the theology by Stephen in the school. docebantur passive past 2 non quaero intellegere ut credam, sed credo ut intellegam I do not seek to understand that I may believe, but I believe so that I may understand. ut credam sub 虚拟式. that I may believe; ut intellegam 虚拟式 so that I may understand. 3 philosophiam per dialecticam scimus sed veritatem agnoscimus gratia Dei we come to know philosophy through discussion but the truth itself we recognise by the grace of God sc-imus pl scio, scire, scivi, scitum 4; agnosc-imus agnosco, agnoscere, agnovi, agnitum 3 gratia, gratiae 1f, gratia dei abl. 4 Scribitis-ne? Nunc est scribendum Are you writing? it should be written; scribendum 将来被动形动词 scrib.itis pl. scribo, scribere, scripsi, scriptum 3 5 Veritatem-ne autem agnoscere possumus ipsam per dialecticam? Can we recognise the truth through discussion 6 Maioribus numquam credis? Do you never believe( in) your elders; credere (with dat.), maior maioris ancestors (pl.); maioribus dat.. 7 homo veritatem per dialecticam agnoscere potest a man can come to recognise the truth through argument. homo, hominis 3 [m] man, human being 8 Graeci quidem sapientes erant, sed nos sapientiores sumus quod Dei sapientiam [illorum eruditioni additam ] habemus The Greeks indeed were wise, but we are wiser because we have the wisdom of God (which have been) added to their learning; sapiens sapientis 3N, wise; sapientes nom.pl ; sapientior -or -us, adj .comp.; ior ior-is sapientiores nom.pl. sapientia, sapientiae 1 f. wisdom sapientiam acc. illorum gen.pl. those ille illa illud
CAPITVLVM QVINTVM DECIMVM CAP.XV eruditioni dat sg.eruditio,eruditionis f learning/erudition.博学；学识：学问 additam3 1 ACC S F PERF PASSIVE PPL-完成时被动态分词阴性宾格having been added to addo,addere,addidi,additum 3 add,insert,bring/attach to,say in addition;increase 9 Per veritatem opus Dei in terra revelatur Through the truth God's work on earth is revealed 10 nisi tacebis,Pater Ricardus ad vos docendos reveniet ifyou do not shut up,Father Richard will return to teach )ou vos acc.pl.;ad vos docendos doceo,docere>doce-ndus-a-llm将来被动形动词 1 1 Paulus nihil emisse videtur Paul seems to have bought nothing:emisse to have bought不定式完成时 l2 e culina fugiens fleeting from the kitchen:fugere3>fugiens现在分词 13 Quid tibi cum Pater Ricardo est.Quid tibi cum...(gravis)est,what something is so important to you with... Vocabula nova additam irruo-ere,irrui,irrutum 3 rush,dash.run in addo-ere-idi-itum 3 add irrupt vi.突然冲入 admoneo-ere-nui-itum 2 admonish,remind maior maioris pl.ancestors bellissimus-a-um most beautiful minime adv.not at all blasphemes sub.you may blaspheme against God) parum,minus,minime too/very little blasphemo-are-avi-atum v nihil indecl.n nothing contradico-ere,contradixi,contradictum 3 numquam adv.never gainsay/contradict;speak against praeterea besides quaero-ere 3 seek dialectica-ae [f]discussion,argument dialectics n.辩证法 quaere n.询问，问题v.请问 quid tibi...est what is your problem.. dic imp.tell,say sapientia--ae[)wisdom,sapience n.贤明 em-isse to have bought sapientiores wiser emo,emere,emi,emptum 3 buy;gain 不定式完成时完成词千+isse tacebis fut.taceo-ere-ui-itum 2be silent eruditio-nis [f]learning nisi conj.if not.except,unless erudite adj.博学的；erudition n.博学 ut credam sub.that I may believe gratia-ae [f]favour,grace veritas-tatis [f]truth ibi adv.there,in that place veritable adj..真正的 illic he/she verism n.真实主义 adv.in that place,there,over there videtur is seen,see intellego-ere3 understand,intellect n.智力
CAPITVLVM QVINTVM DECIMVM CAP.XV eruditioni dat sg. eruditio, eruditionis f learning/erudition. 博学；学识；学问 additam 3 1 ACC S F PERF PASSIVE PPL—完成时被动态分词阴性宾格 having been added to addo, addere, addidi, additum 3 add, insert, bring/attach to, say in addition; increase 9 Per veritatem opus Dei in terra revelatur Through the truth God’s work on earth is revealed 10 nisi tacebis，Pater Ricardus ad vos docendos reveniet if you do not shut up，Father Richard will return to teach you vos acc.pl. ; ad vos docendos doceo, docere> doce-ndus-a-um 将来被动形动词 11 Paulus nihil emisse videtur Paul seems to have bought nothing；emisse to have bought 不定式完成时 12 e culina fugiens fleeting from the kitchen; fugere 3>fugiens 现在分词 13 Quid tibi cum Pater Ricardo est. Quid tibi cum ...(gravis) est ,what something is so important to you with ... Vocabula nova additam addo-ere-idi-itum 3 add admoneo-ere-nui-itum 2 admonish, remind bellissimus-a-um most beautiful blasphemes sub. you may blaspheme against God) blasphemo-are-avi-atum v contradico-ere, contradixi, contradictum 3 gainsay/contradict; speak against dialectica-ae [f] discussion, argument dialectics n. 辩证法 dic imp. tell, say em-isse to have bought emo, emere, emi, emptum 3 buy; gain 不定式完成时 完成词干+isse eruditio-nis [f] learning erudite adj. 博学的; erudition n. 博学 gratia-ae [f] favour, grace ibi adv. there, in that place illic he/she adv. in that place, there, over there intellego-ere 3 understand, intellect n. 智力 irruo-ere, irrui, irrutum 3 rush,dash,run in irrupt vi. 突然冲入 maior maioris pl. ancestors minime adv. not at all parum, minus, minime too/very little nihil indecl. n nothing numquam adv. never praeterea besides quaero-ere 3 seek quaere n. 询问, 问题 v. 请问 quid tibi ... est what is your problem... sapientia-ae [f] wisdom, sapience n. 贤明 sapientiores wiser tacebis fut. taceo-ere-ui-itum 2be silent nisi conj. if not. except, unless ut credam sub. that I may believe veritas-tatis [f] truth veritable adj. 真正的 verism n. 真实主义 videtur is seen, see