The Sensory Organs
The Sensory Organs
The Sensory organs Sensory organs include the receptors and accessory organs. The receptors may be divided into three kinds The exteroceptors外感受器: receive stimuli such as touch, temperature, pain, light and sound from the external environment The interoceptors内感受器 pick up information about internal environment The proprioceptors本体感受器 receive stimuli from muscles, tendons joints and ligaments
The Sensory Organs Sensory organs include the receptors and accessory organs. The receptors may be divided into three kinds: ◼ The exteroceptors 外感受器: receive stimuli such as touch, temperature, pain, light and sound from the external environment ◼ The interoceptors 内感受器: pick up information about internal environment ◼ The proprioceptors 本体感受器: receive stimuli from muscles, tendons, joints and ligaments
The Visual organ视器 Composition eyeball and accessory organs of eye Shape of eyeball Has anterior and posterior poles Equator赤道 an Imaginary line encircling the eyeball midway between anterior and posterior poles Axis of eyeball眼轴:alne joining the two poles Optic axis视轴: a line joining the center of the pupil to the fovea centralis
The Visual Organ 视器 Composition: eyeball and accessory organs of eye Shape of eyeball ◼ Has anterior and posterior poles ◼ Equator 赤道: an imaginary line encircling the eyeball, midway between anterior and posterior poles ◼ Axis of eyeball 眼轴: a line joining the two poles ◼ Optic axis 视轴: a line joining the center of the pupil to the fovea centralis
Walls of eyebal‖l Cornea角膜 Fibrous tunic of eyeball Sclera巩膜 ris虹膜 Vascular tunic of eyeball Cilliary body睫状 Choroid脉络膜 Pars iridica retinae Pars caeca retinae Retina视网膜 Pars ciliaris retinae Pars optica retinae
Walls of eyeball Fibrous tunic of eyeball Cornea 角膜 Sclera 巩膜 Vascular tunic of eyeball Iris 虹膜 Cilliary body 睫状 体Choroid 脉络膜 Retina 视网膜 Pars iridica retinae Pars ciliaris retinae Pars optica retinae Pars caeca retinae
Fibrous tunic of eyeball (outer) Cornea角膜: anterior1/6,a nonvascular transparent portion, richly supplied by nerves; because it is curved the cornea helps focus light Sclera巩膜( white of eye, opaque portion) a posterior 5/6, consisting of fibrous connective tissue that forms a tough protective covering for eyeball, a Contains sinus venosus sclerae巩膜静脉窦 which lies beneath the junction of cornea and sclera
Fibrous tunic of eyeball (outer) ◼ Cornea 角膜: anterior 1/6, a nonvascular, transparent portion, richly supplied by nerves; because it is curved, the cornea helps focus light ◼ Sclera 巩膜 (white of eye, opaque portion): ❑ posterior 5/6, consisting of fibrous connective tissue that forms a tough protective covering for eyeball, ❑ Contains sinus venosus sclerae 巩膜静脉窦which lies beneath the junction of cornea and sclera
Vascular tunic of eyeball(middle ■Iris虹膜 a Thin contractile membrane anterior to ciliary body, with a central opening the pupil瞳孔 o Contains sphincter pupillae瞳孔括约肌( circular fibers) and dilator pupillae 瞳孔开大肌( radial fibers) o Cornea and iris meet to form the iridocorneal angle虹膜角膜角
Vascular tunic of eyeball (middle) ◼ Iris 虹膜 ❑ Thin contractile membrane anterior to ciliary body, with a central opening, the pupil 瞳孔 ❑ Contains sphincter pupillae 瞳孔括约肌(circular fibers) and dilator pupillae 瞳孔开大肌(radial fibers) ❑ Cornea and iris meet to form the iridocorneal angle 虹膜角膜角
Cilliary body睫状体 a body a ring-shaped thickening anterior to equator, containing smooth muscle fibers called ciliary muscle BtE 状肌 nA tanet a Ciliary processes睫状突 aserⅰ es of some60~80 projections producing aqueous humor a Ciliary ring睫状环
◼ Cilliary body 睫状体 ❑ Body a ring-shaped thickening anterior to equator, containing smooth muscle fibers called ciliary muscle 睫 状肌 ❑ Ciliary processes 睫状突: a series of some 60~80 projections producing aqueous humor ❑ Ciliary ring 睫状环
Sinus venosus sclerae Ciliary Muscle Sridocornealangle Dilator pupillae Sphincter pupillae ens ciliary zonule Ciliary Processes Ciliary ring
Ciliary Processes Sphincter Pupillae Dilator Pupillae Sinus venosus sclerae ciliary zonule Ciliary ring Ciliary Muscle Iridocorneal angle Lens
Choroid脉络膜 a Thin, highly vascular in posterior 2 /3 of eye Contains brown pigmented cells and dense capillary pleXus
◼ Choroid 脉络膜 ❑ Thin, highly vascular in posterior 2/3 of eye ❑ Contains brown pigmented cells and dense capillary plexus
Retina视网膜 Pars caeca retinae视网膜盲部 a Pars iridica retinae视网膜虹膜部 a Pars ciliaris retinae视网膜睫状体部 Pars optica retinae视网膜视部 口 Lines the choroids o Composed of two layers An outer pigment cell layer Inner neural layer(four layers)
Retina 视网膜 ◼ Pars caeca retinae视网膜盲部 ❑ Pars iridica retinae 视网膜虹膜部 ❑ Pars ciliaris retinae 视网膜睫状体部 ◼ Pars optica retinae视网膜视部 ❑ Lines the choroids ❑ Composed of two layers ◼ An outer pigment cell layer ◼ Inner neural layer (four layers)
