UNIT I SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS Section I Reading and Thinking 课后训练提升 一、单词拼写 1.Most people are f in themselves. 答案：frustrated 2.If two statements are c ,that is to say,they are different and can't both be true. 答案：contradictory 3.The h was still asleep at six in the morning 答案household 4.A man who has m interests usually has lots of friends. 答案multiple 5.A clerk must know how to h difficult customers. 答案handle 6.The number of traffic accidents now has d 答案：decreased 二、单句语法填空 1.Let's settle the problem once and all. 答案：for 2.A wise person usually subscribes approval in a different way 答案to 3.Thanks your help,I have worked out a good plan. 答案to 4.As a result his careless,he failed in the examination. 答案of 5.You are much more likely get cholera if you drink such infected water. 答案to 三、完成句子 1.他过去是一个非常优秀的学生。 He student 答案：used to be a very excellent
UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking 课后· 一、单词拼写 1.Most people are f in themselves. 答案:frustrated 2.If two statements are c ,that is to say,they are different and can’t both be true. 答案:contradictory 3.The h was still asleep at six in the morning. 答案:household 4.A man who has m interests usually has lots of friends. 答案:multiple 5.A clerk must know how to h difficult customers. 答案:handle 6.The number of traffic accidents now has d . 答案:decreased 二、单句语法填空 1.Let’s settle the problem once and all. 答案:for 2.A wise person usually subscribes approval in a different way. 答案:to 3.Thanks your help,I have worked out a good plan. 答案:to 4.As a result his careless,he failed in the examination. 答案:of 5.You are much more likely get cholera if you drink such infected water. 答案:to 三、完成句子 1.他过去是一个非常优秀的学生。 He student. 答案:used to be a very excellent
2.没人能阻止历史的车轮前进。 Nobody can prevent 答案the wheels of history from running forwards 3使我吃惊的是，他在这么短的时间里竟取得这么大的进步。 To my surprise,he 答案has made such great progress in a short time 4.他决心成为一名志愿者。 He be a volunteer. 答案：was determined to 5.多亏了这场大雨，否则庄稼就会死了。 otherwise,the crops will die. 答案：Thanks to the heavy rain 四、阅读理解 A Plastic is one of the most important technological discoveries of the 20th century.However,German scientists are certain that this material may soon be replaced.The new development-liquid wood-can replace plastics in all branches of modern industries. Plastic as a material enjoys the biggest demand in the modern world,but it does have a number of disadvantages.First,plastic is not recyclable.Second,it contains poisons that can cause cancer.Finally,plastic is made of oil,which is not endless The liquid wood technology is able to replace plastic and providing mankind with new materials for many years ahead.Arboform is a new material,which can be got from soft tissues()of wood.Once mixed with several other ingredients( )it turns into solid and non-poisonous material. The wood-working industry separates wood into three basic things,including lignin(木质素)，which is not used for the production of paper..Specialists of the Faunhofer Institute mixed lignin with several natural materials and thus invented the material which could be melted and moulded. When solid,arboform looks like plastic and possesses the qualities of wood,it can be used for the production of any items. Arboform is already used for the production of car parts.However,the new invention does not enjoy a wide use due to the high content of sulphur()in it.German researchers believe that they will be able to reduce the amount of sulphur by 90 percent very soon to make arboform usable for home needs
2.没人能阻止历史的车轮前进。 Nobody can prevent . 答案:the wheels of history from running forwards 3.使我吃惊的是,他在这么短的时间里竟取得这么大的进步。 To my surprise,he . 答案:has made such great progress in a short time 4.他决心成为一名志愿者。 He be a volunteer. 答案:was determined to 5.多亏了这场大雨,否则庄稼就会死了。 ,otherwise,the crops will die. 答案:Thanks to the heavy rain 四、阅读理解 A Plastic is one of the most important technological discoveries of the 20th century.However,German scientists are certain that this material may soon be replaced.The new development—liquid wood—can replace plastics in all branches of modern industries. Plastic as a material enjoys the biggest demand in the modern world,but it does have a number of disadvantages.First,plastic is not recyclable.Second,it contains poisons that can cause cancer.Finally,plastic is made of oil,which is not endless. The liquid wood technology is able to replace plastic and providing mankind with new materials for many years ahead.Arboform is a new material,which can be got from soft tissues(组织) of wood.Once mixed with several other ingredients(成 分),it turns into solid and non-poisonous material. The wood-working industry separates wood into three basic things,including lignin(木质素),which is not used for the production of paper.Specialists of the Faunhofer Institute mixed lignin with several natural materials and thus invented the material which could be melted and moulded. When solid,arboform looks like plastic and possesses the qualities of wood,it can be used for the production of any items. Arboform is already used for the production of car parts.However,the new invention does not enjoy a wide use due to the high content of sulphur(硫) in it.German researchers believe that they will be able to reduce the amount of sulphur by 90 percent very soon to make arboform usable for home needs
In addition,liquid wood can be recycled repeatedly.The analysis of arboform showed that the material had all of its qualities even if it was reprocessed ten times 1.It can be concluded that German researchers will focus their future work firstly on the A.material's wide use B.content of sulphur in arboform C.production cost of arboform D.qualities of liquid wood 答案B 解析：推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段可知，如果用liquid wood代替塑料，科学 家首先考虑的应该是如何去除liquid wood里面高含量的硫。 2.Which of the following is NOTtrue? A.Lignin contains poisons that can cause cancer. B.Plastic does harm to our society in many ways. C.The liquid wood helps to protect our environment. D.Arboform isn't usable for home need at present. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。文章中没有介绍木质素有致癌的毒素。 3.The best title of the passage should be A.Plastic Has a Number of Disadvantages B.A New Material-Plastic C.Liquid Wood to Replace Plastic D.How to Protect Arboform 答案C 解析：标题归纳题。本文主要说明了一种新型材料liquid wood将会代替塑料，所 以C项可做文章的标题。 B Ada Byron who was born in 1815,was the daughter of the British poet Lord Byron and Anne Milbanke.Her parents separated just a month after Ada was born.Four months later,Byron left England forever.Ada never met her father(who died in Greece in 1824)and was raised by her mother. Lady Byron wished her daughter to be unlike her father and she insisted that Ada,who was educated privately,study mathematics.Ada did well not only in mathematics and science,but also in music and dance
In addition,liquid wood can be recycled repeatedly.The analysis of arboform showed that the material had all of its qualities even if it was reprocessed ten times. 1.It can be concluded that German researchers will focus their future work firstly on the . A.material’s wide use B.content of sulphur in arboform C.production cost of arboform D.qualities of liquid wood 答案:B 解析:推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段可知,如果用 liquid wood 代替塑料,科学 家首先考虑的应该是如何去除 liquid wood 里面高含量的硫。 2.Which of the following is NOT true? A.Lignin contains poisons that can cause cancer. B.Plastic does harm to our society in many ways. C.The liquid wood helps to protect our environment. D.Arboform isn’t usable for home need at present. 答案:A 解析:细节理解题。文章中没有介绍木质素有致癌的毒素。 3.The best title of the passage should be . A.Plastic Has a Number of Disadvantages B.A New Material—Plastic C.Liquid Wood to Replace Plastic D.How to Protect Arboform 答案:C 解析:标题归纳题。本文主要说明了一种新型材料 liquid wood 将会代替塑料,所 以 C 项可做文章的标题。 B Ada Byron who was born in 1815,was the daughter of the British poet Lord Byron and Anne Milbanke.Her parents separated just a month after Ada was born.Four months later,Byron left England forever.Ada never met her father(who died in Greece in 1824) and was raised by her mother. Lady Byron wished her daughter to be unlike her father and she insisted that Ada,who was educated privately,study mathematics.Ada did well not only in mathematics and science,but also in music and dance
Ada met Charles Babbage in 1833.Babbage was a famous English mathematician.He was known as the inventor of a calculating machine called the Difference Engine.Babbage had made plans in 1834 for a new kind of calculating machine(although the Difference Engine was not finished),an Analytical Engine( )Few people in England supported his plans.But he found support for his new calculating machine abroad.In 1842,an Italian mathematician,Louis Menebrea,published an article in his native language on the subject of the Analytical Engine.Babbage asked Ada to translate the article. When she showed Babbage her translation,he suggested that she add her own notes,which turned out to be three times as long as Menabrea's.The notes brought her great fame.In her notes,Ada predicted that such a machine might be used to write music,to draw pictures,and would be used for both practical and science use.She was correct. Ada died of cancer in 1852.In 1980,165th years after Ada's birth,the US Defense Department announced a powerful new computer language.They named it Ada in honour of Ada Lovelace's important role in the history of computing 4.It can be inferred that Ada's mother A.was too poor to send Ada to accept normal education B.wanted her daughter to be a great poet as her father C.didn't think Ada could do well in her studies D.hoped that Ada became a mathematician one day 答案D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“and she insisted that Ada,who was educated privately,study mathematics'”可以推测Ada的妈妈坚决要求自己的女儿学习数学， 可能是希望将来她能成为数学家。 5.Why didn't Babbage find support for his Analytical Engine in Britain? A.Because his first calculating machine was not finished B.Because no one in Britain thought the machine was useful. C.Because most of his previous inventions proved useless. D.Because British people were not interested in his invention. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Babbage had made plans in 1834 for a new kind of calculating machine(although the Difference Engine was not finished),an Analytical Engine..Few people in England supported his plans..”可知，Babbage在英国 得不到支持的原因是他的第一台计算机还没有完成
Ada met Charles Babbage in 1833.Babbage was a famous English mathematician.He was known as the inventor of a calculating machine called the Difference Engine.Babbage had made plans in 1834 for a new kind of calculating machine(although the Difference Engine was not finished),an Analytical Engine(分析 机).Few people in England supported his plans.But he found support for his new calculating machine abroad.In 1842,an Italian mathematician,Louis Menebrea,published an article in his native language on the subject of the Analytical Engine.Babbage asked Ada to translate the article. When she showed Babbage her translation,he suggested that she add her own notes,which turned out to be three times as long as Menabrea’s.The notes brought her great fame.In her notes,Ada predicted that such a machine might be used to write music,to draw pictures,and would be used for both practical and science use.She was correct. Ada died of cancer in 1852.In 1980,165th years after Ada’s birth,the US Defense Department announced a powerful new computer language.They named it Ada in honour of Ada Lovelace’s important role in the history of computing. 4.It can be inferred that Ada’s mother . A.was too poor to send Ada to accept normal education B.wanted her daughter to be a great poet as her father C.didn’t think Ada could do well in her studies D.hoped that Ada became a mathematician one day 答案:D 解析:推理判断题。根据第二段中的“...and she insisted that Ada,who was educated privately,study mathematics”可以推测 Ada 的妈妈坚决要求自己的女儿学习数学, 可能是希望将来她能成为数学家。 5.Why didn’t Babbage find support for his Analytical Engine in Britain? A.Because his first calculating machine was not finished. B.Because no one in Britain thought the machine was useful. C.Because most of his previous inventions proved useless. D.Because British people were not interested in his invention. 答案:A 解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Babbage had made plans in 1834 for a new kind of calculating machine(although the Difference Engine was not finished),an Analytical Engine.Few people in England supported his plans.”可知,Babbage 在英国 得不到支持的原因是他的第一台计算机还没有完成
6.Menebrea's article on Analytical Engine was written in A.English B.Italian C.French D.German 答案B 解析：细节理解题。由第三段最后一句可知，Menebrea是意大利人，他用自己母语 写的文章，故知这篇文章是用意大利语写的。 7.We can learn about Ada from the passage that A.she was remembered as a great translator B.her predictions in her notes have become true C.her notes were written in computer language D.she helped to make the first Analytical Engine 答案B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段内容特别是“She was correct.”可知，Ada的预言成 了现实
6.Menebrea’s article on Analytical Engine was written in . A.English B.Italian C.French D.German 答案:B 解析:细节理解题。由第三段最后一句可知,Menebrea 是意大利人,他用自己母语 写的文章,故知这篇文章是用意大利语写的。 7.We can learn about Ada from the passage that . A.she was remembered as a great translator B.her predictions in her notes have become true C.her notes were written in computer language D.she helped to make the first Analytical Engine 答案:B 解析:细节理解题。根据第四段内容特别是“She was correct.”可知,Ada 的预言成 了现实