《高中英语》全程设计训练题库（选修第一册，课后习题，含答案）UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT_第一单元过关检测.docx_大学文库

志鸿优化系列丛书志鸿优化网永远提供更新的！丛书主编任志湖。 http://www.zhyh.org 答案听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 M:My name is Jerry Brown.I entered high school last year.I get up around 6:30 a.m.every day.After I get up,I usually do a morning run and do a little exercise.And I go to fetch the papers for my father.Then I take a shower before eating my breakfast prepared by my mother at 7:15 a.m.It usually takes me 15 minutes to get to school by bike.The class begins at 8:00 a.m.with my favourite class maths.All our subjects like physics,science,maths,English,Chinese and so on,are covered within eight classes.After the fourth class,we can take a two-hour break.The break ends at 1:30 p.m.and thereafter we continue for four classes.The school ends at 4:55 p.m.I usually don't go back home immediately.Instead I play some outdoor sports like football and basketball on the playground for about an hour.Students of different classes meet together and make friends with one another.I usually get home around 6:30 p.m.Then it's time for supper and homework. 17.What does the speaker usually do first after getting up? A.Do physical exercise. B.Prepare his breakfast. C.Read morning papers. 答案A 18.What subject does the speaker like best? A.Science. B.Maths. C.Physics. 答案B 19.Why doesn't the speaker go back home right after school? A.To do his homework B.To watch a football game. C.To play sports with others. 答案c 20.What is the speaker mainly talking about? A.His weekly schedule. B.His daily life as a student C.His colourful school activities. 答案B 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A You probably know who Marie Curie was,but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below,who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years? Jane Addams(1860-1935) 5

志鸿优化系列丛书志鸿优化网永远提供更新的！丛书主编任志湖。 http://www.zhyh.org Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of community()by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. Rachel Carson(1907-1964) If it weren't for Rachel Carson,the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans. Sandra Day O'Connor(1930-present) When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School,in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.She became an Arizona state senator()and,in 1981,the first woman to join the US Supreme Court.O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court. Rosa Parks(1913-2005) On 1 December 1955,in Montgomery,Alabama,Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year,and kicked off the civil-rights movement."The only tired I was,was tired of giving in,"said Parks. 21.What is Jane Addams noted for in history? A.Her social work. B.Her teaching skills. C.Her efforts to win a prize. D.Her community background. 答案A 解标细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.”可知，任何曾经得到社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams,.由此推知，她在历史上以社会工作者而闻名。故选A项。 22.What was the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm? A.Her lack of proper training in law. B.Her little work experience in court. C.The discrimination against women D.The poor financial conditions. 案解标细节理解题。根据第四段中的.she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.” 可知，她没能在法律事务所找到工作是因为她是一名女性，这是对于女性的歧视。故选C项。 23.Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US? A.Jane Addams. B.Rachel Carson. 6

6 Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of community(社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. Rachel Carson(1907—1964) If it weren’t for Rachel Carson,the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans. Sandra Day O’Connor(1930—present) When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School,in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and,in 1981,the first woman to join the US Supreme Court.O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court. Rosa Parks(1913—2005) On 1 December 1955,in Montgomery,Alabama,Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year,and kicked off the civil-rights movement.“The only tired I was,was tired of giving in,” said Parks. 21.What is Jane Addams noted for in history? A.Her social work. B.Her teaching skills. C.Her efforts to win a prize. D.Her community background. 答案 A 解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.”可知,任何曾经得到社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢 Jane Addams,由此推知,她在历史上以社会工作者而闻名。故选 A 项。 22.What was the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm? A.Her lack of proper training in law. B.Her little work experience in court. C.The discrimination against women. D.The poor financial conditions. 答案 C 解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“...she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.” 可知,她没能在法律事务所找到工作是因为她是一名女性,这是对于女性的歧视。故选 C 项。 23.Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US? A.Jane Addams. B.Rachel Carson

志鸿优化系列丛书志鸿优化网，永远提供更新的！丛书主编任志湖。 http://www.zhyh.org C.Sandra Day O'Connor. D.Rosa Parks. 答案D 解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“.and kicked off the civil-rights movement..”可知，Rosa Parks对民权运动做出了贡献。故选D项。 B I always feel sorry for world leaders busy dealing with fights between nations.When my three children were young,most days it was hard to keep my house from becoming a battlefield. It got worse as they grew older.Three years ago,Zack,then 16,couldn't make it through a day without making his sisters,Alex 11 and Taryn 9,angry. My husband and I tried to be understanding the boy at such an age.We reasoned,punished,and left heartfelt notes on his bed about how he was hurting our family.His answer was"I say it because it's true.” I even tried telling the girls to fight back.Bad idea.Now I had three children at war.Whatever I said to them,they paid no attention.When there was no way out,I told everything to my sister,Mary,in an email.She replied,"Don't email me.Email him." Our son was online every day,mailing and talking with his friends.Maybe he would actually hear me this way.I didn't say anything different,but email just took the tension away.There'd be no shouting or door banging.Zack wouldn't feel under attack. Zack didn't reply for days.When he finally did,his entire message was four small words.I smiled when I read them:"You're right.I'm sorry." The children still fought,of course,but Zack changed.Best of all,I now have a better way to talk with not one but three of them.I like it that they don't tune me out as much as they used to.They like not having to listen to me shouting to them.Or as Alex says,"You're so much nicer online." All I know is that the house is quiet.But we're talking. 24.What was the trouble before the online talk in the family? A.The children couldn't get along peacefully B.The writer failed to understand her daughters. C.The family found it difficult to keep the house clean. D.The parents were not willing to talk with their children. 答案A 解标细节理解题。根据第二段中的Three years ago,.Zack,then 16,couldn'tmake it through a day without making his sisters,Alex 11 and Taryn9,angry.”可知，在作者给儿子发邮件之前的日子里，孩子们不能和平相处。故选A项。 25.The writer emailed her sister A.to escape from the problem 7

7 C.Sandra Day O’Connor. D.Rosa Parks. 答案 D 解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“...and kicked off the civil-rights movement.”可知,Rosa Parks 对民权运动做出了贡献。故选 D 项。 B I always feel sorry for world leaders busy dealing with fights between nations.When my three children were young,most days it was hard to keep my house from becoming a battlefield. It got worse as they grew older.Three years ago,Zack,then 16,couldn’t make it through a day without making his sisters,Alex 11 and Taryn 9,angry. My husband and I tried to be understanding the boy at such an age.We reasoned,punished,and left heartfelt notes on his bed about how he was hurting our family.His answer was “I say it because it’s true.” I even tried telling the girls to fight back.Bad idea.Now I had three children at war.Whatever I said to them,they paid no attention.When there was no way out,I told everything to my sister,Mary,in an email.She replied,“Don’t email me.Email him.” Our son was online every day,mailing and talking with his friends.Maybe he would actually hear me this way.I didn’t say anything different,but email just took the tension away.There’d be no shouting or door banging.Zack wouldn’t feel under attack. Zack didn’t reply for days.When he finally did,his entire message was four small words.I smiled when I read them:“You’re right.I’m sorry.” The children still fought,of course,but Zack changed.Best of all,I now have a better way to talk with not one but three of them.I like it that they don’t tune me out as much as they used to.They like not having to listen to me shouting to them.Or as Alex says,“You’re so much nicer online.” All I know is that the house is quiet.But we’re talking. 24.What was the trouble before the online talk in the family? A.The children couldn’t get along peacefully. B.The writer failed to understand her daughters. C.The family found it difficult to keep the house clean. D.The parents were not willing to talk with their children. 答案 A 解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Three years ago,Zack,then 16,couldn’t make it through a day without making his sisters,Alex 11 and Taryn 9,angry.”可知,在作者给儿子发邮件之前的日子里,孩子们不能和平相处。故选 A 项。 25.The writer emailed her sister . A.to escape from the problem

志鸿优化系列丛书志鸿优化网永远提供更新的！丛书主编任志湖。 http://www.zhyh.org B.hoping she'd email the boy C.to tell her about the family problem D.asking about child-raising 喀案c 解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的When there was no way out,I told everything to my sister,Mary,in an email..”可知，作者在没有办法解决的情况下，给姐姐发了邮件说这个问题。故选C项。 26.The underlined phrase“tune me out'”in the passage probably means“__”. A.pay no attention to me B.get angry with me C.quarrel with me D.keep me out of their rooms 含案A 解析词义猜测题。报据第四段中的Whatever Isaid to them,.they paidnottenion.”可知，在以前孩子们不理会作者说的话，再根据画线词后的“as much as they used to”可知，本句意思是作者喜欢孩子们不像以前那样忽视她。故选A项。 27.Why does the writer feel sorry for world leaders busy dealing with fights between nations? A.Because she doesn't think the leaders are successful. B.Because she doesn't think fights can be stopped. C.Because she has nothing to do with the leaders. D.Because she can understand that the leaders'job is hard 客案D 解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的When my three children were young,most days it was hard to keep my house from becoming a battlefield.”可知，作者之所以理解国家领导人的难处，是因为她难以处理孩子们之间的矛盾。故选D项。 C When Albert Einstein was young,he was a quiet child who spent much of his time alone.He was slow to talk and had difficulty in learning to read. When Albert was five years old,his father gave him a compass.Albert was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle always pointed in the same direction-the north.He asked his father and his uncle what caused the needle to move.Their answers were difficult for Albert to understand.Yet he spent a lot of time thinking about them.He said later that he felt something must be hidden behind things. Albert didn't like school.The German schools of that time were not pleasant.Students couldn't ask questions.Albert said he felt as if he were in prison. One day Albert told his uncle Jacob how much he hated school,especially mathematics.His uncle told him to solve mathematical problems by pretending to be a policeman."You are looking for someone,"he said,"but you don't know who he is.Call him x.Find him by using your mathematical tools." 8

8 B.hoping she’d email the boy C.to tell her about the family problem D.asking about child-raising 答案 C 解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When there was no way out,I told everything to my sister,Mary,in an email.”可知,作者在没有办法解决的情况下,给姐姐发了邮件说这个问题。故选 C 项。 26.The underlined phrase “tune me out” in the passage probably means “ ”. A.pay no attention to me B.get angry with me C.quarrel with me D.keep me out of their rooms 答案 A 解析词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Whatever I said to them,they paid no attention.”可知,在以前孩子们不理会作者说的话,再根据画线词后的“as much as they used to”可知,本句意思是作者喜欢孩子们不像以前那样忽视她。故选 A 项。 27.Why does the writer feel sorry for world leaders busy dealing with fights between nations? A.Because she doesn’t think the leaders are successful. B.Because she doesn’t think fights can be stopped. C.Because she has nothing to do with the leaders. D.Because she can understand that the leaders’ job is hard. 答案 D 解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When my three children were young,most days it was hard to keep my house from becoming a battlefield.”可知,作者之所以理解国家领导人的难处,是因为她难以处理孩子们之间的矛盾。故选 D 项。 C When Albert Einstein was young,he was a quiet child who spent much of his time alone.He was slow to talk and had difficulty in learning to read. When Albert was five years old,his father gave him a compass.Albert was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle always pointed in the same direction—the north.He asked his father and his uncle what caused the needle to move.Their answers were difficult for Albert to understand.Yet he spent a lot of time thinking about them.He said later that he felt something must be hidden behind things. Albert didn’t like school.The German schools of that time were not pleasant.Students couldn’t ask questions.Albert said he felt as if he were in prison. One day Albert told his uncle Jacob how much he hated school,especially mathematics.His uncle told him to solve mathematical problems by pretending to be a policeman.“You are looking for someone,” he said,“but you don’t know who he is.Call him ×.Find him by using your mathematical tools

志鸿优化系列丛书志鸿优化网永远提供更新的！丛书主编任志湖。 http://www.zhyh.org Albert learned to love mathematics.He was studying the complex mathematics of calculus() while all his friends were still studying simple mathematics.Instead of playing with his friends he thought about things such as"What would happen if people could travel at the speed of light?" Albert wanted to teach mathematics and physics.He graduated with honours,but it was a pity that he could not get a teaching job. 28.According to paragraph 2,we can learn that Albert Einstein A.was interested in the compass B.wanted to be a great scientist C.was not clever enough D.didn't like thinking by himself 答案A 解标推理判断题。根据第二段中的Albert was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle always pointed in the same direction-一the north.”可知，爱因斯坦对指南针很感兴趣。故选A 项。 29.Why did Albert Einstein hate school? A.He couldn't play with his friends there. B.Students were not allowed to ask questions. C.The schools were like prisons at that time. D.He had to learn mathematics that he didn'tlike. 含案B 解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的The German schools of that time were not pleasant..Students couldn’t ask questions..”可知，德国学校不允许学生问问题，因此，爱因斯坦不喜欢学校。故选B项。 30.What does the underlined word"complex"probably mean? A.Useful. B.Difficult C.Boring. D.Interesting. 客案B 解析词义猜测题。根据本句He was studying the complex mathematics of calculus while all his friends were still studying simple mathematics.”说明该词与simple是反义词。difficult“困难的”符合语境。故选B项。 31.We can learn from the passage that A.Einstein became a mathematics teacher after graduation B.Einstein gradually loved mathematics with his uncle's help C.Einstein's uncle was a policeman D.Einstein liked playing with other children 含案B 解析推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二、三段内容可知他的叔叔教他如何学习数学，他是在叔叔的影响下喜欢上数学的。故选B项。 9

9 Albert learned to love mathematics.He was studying the complex mathematics of calculus(微积分) while all his friends were still studying simple mathematics.Instead of playing with his friends he thought about things such as “What would happen if people could travel at the speed of light?” Albert wanted to teach mathematics and physics.He graduated with honours,but it was a pity that he could not get a teaching job. 28.According to paragraph 2,we can learn that Albert Einstein . A.was interested in the compass B.wanted to be a great scientist C.was not clever enough D.didn’t like thinking by himself 答案 A 解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Albert was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle always pointed in the same direction—the north.”可知,爱因斯坦对指南针很感兴趣。故选 A 项。 29.Why did Albert Einstein hate school? A.He couldn’t play with his friends there. B.Students were not allowed to ask questions. C.The schools were like prisons at that time. D.He had to learn mathematics that he didn’t like. 答案 B 解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The German schools of that time were not pleasant.Students couldn’t ask questions.”可知,德国学校不允许学生问问题,因此,爱因斯坦不喜欢学校。故选 B 项。 30.What does the underlined word “complex” probably mean? A.Useful. B.Difficult. C.Boring. D.Interesting. 答案 B 解析词义猜测题。根据本句“He was studying the complex mathematics of calculus while all his friends were still studying simple mathematics.”说明该词与 simple 是反义词。difficult“困难的”符合语境。故选 B 项。 31.We can learn from the passage that . A.Einstein became a mathematics teacher after graduation B.Einstein gradually loved mathematics with his uncle’s help C.Einstein’s uncle was a policeman D.Einstein liked playing with other children 答案 B 解析推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二、三段内容可知他的叔叔教他如何学习数学,他是在叔叔的影响下喜欢上数学的。故选 B 项

志鸿优化系列丛书志鸿优化网永远提供更新的！丛书主编任志湖。 http://www.zhyh.org D If your job requires a lot of sitting.you could be putting your health at danger The American Journal of Epidemiolog(流行病学)did a study in20l0 on the correlation((关联) between sitting and an individual's physical health.In the study,53,440 working men and 69,776 working women were surveyed on their time spent sitting.The subjects were all disease free when employed.The researchers identified 11,307 deaths in men and 7,923 deaths in women during the 14-year follow-up. The findings:Women who reported sitting for more than six hours per day had an approximately 40 higher all-cause death rate than those who reported less than three hours a day,and men had an approximately 20 higher death rate Well,now's a fine time to get this information.But why didn't they tell me this years ago?I would have planned on taking a more active job instead of the sedentary(需要久坐的)job of an editor. So what can you do if you have to work for a living at a job that requires a lot of sitting?Here are some ideas: First,take frequent breaks.It is recommended that workers vary activities,change their position,and take short breaks every 20 minutes to rest muscles and increase blood circulation.Second,get a standing desk.Some studies have shown that working from an upright position may be better for health.The serious fitness people can even purchase a treadmill()desk.It only goes about one mile per hour.Third,have a walking meeting.If your group is kind of small,going for a walk while discussing topics is a good alternative. 32.According to the text,the study in 2010 A.found men reporting shorter sitting time than women B.surveyed more men than women on their daily sitting time C.identified fewer deaths in men than in women during the 14-year follow-up D.discovered correlation between sitting and physical health in men and in women 答案D 解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“The American Journal of Epidemiology did a study in2010on the correlation between sitting and an individual's physical health..”可知，《美国流行病学杂志》在 2010年做了一个关于久坐和个人身体健康关联的研究调查。故选D项。 33.We can infer from the text that the author did not recommend A.using a standing desk B.resting one's muscles C.quitting sedentary jobs D.taking a walk while discussing 答案c 解桐推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者建议那些长时间坐着工作的人使用立式办公桌，放松肌肉或者边走边讨论，并没有提到放弃久坐不动的工作。故选C项。 34.What does the underlined word"subjects"in paragraph 2 mean? A.Things being discussed. 10

10 D If your job requires a lot of sitting,you could be putting your health at danger. The American Journal of Epidemiology(流行病学) did a study in 2010 on the correlation(关联) between sitting and an individual’s physical health.In the study,53,440 working men and 69,776 working women were surveyed on their time spent sitting.The subjects were all disease free when employed.The researchers identified 11,307 deaths in men and 7,923 deaths in women during the 14-year follow-up. The findings:Women who reported sitting for more than six hours per day had an approximately 40 higher all-cause death rate than those who reported less than three hours a day,and men had an approximately 20 higher death rate. Well,now’s a fine time to get this information.But why didn’t they tell me this years ago?I would have planned on taking a more active job instead of the sedentary(需要久坐的) job of an editor. So what can you do if you have to work for a living at a job that requires a lot of sitting?Here are some ideas: First,take frequent breaks.It is recommended that workers vary activities,change their position,and take short breaks every 20 minutes to rest muscles and increase blood circulation.Second,get a standing desk.Some studies have shown that working from an upright position may be better for health.The serious fitness people can even purchase a treadmill(跑步机) desk.It only goes about one mile per hour.Third,have a walking meeting.If your group is kind of small,going for a walk while discussing topics is a good alternative. 32.According to the text,the study in 2010 . A.found men reporting shorter sitting time than women B.surveyed more men than women on their daily sitting time C.identified fewer deaths in men than in women during the 14-year follow-up D.discovered correlation between sitting and physical health in men and in women 答案 D 解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“The American Journal of Epidemiology did a study in 2010 on the correlation between sitting and an individual’s physical health.”可知,《美国流行病学杂志》在 2010 年做了一个关于久坐和个人身体健康关联的研究调查。故选 D 项。 33.We can infer from the text that the author did not recommend . A.using a standing desk B.resting one’s muscles C.quitting sedentary jobs D.taking a walk while discussing 答案 C 解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,作者建议那些长时间坐着工作的人使用立式办公桌,放松肌肉或者边走边讨论,并没有提到放弃久坐不动的工作。故选 C 项。 34.What does the underlined word “subjects” in paragraph 2 mean? A.Things being discussed