《高中英语》全程设计训练题库（选修第一册，课后习题，含答案）UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND_第五单元过关检测

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志鸿优化系列丛书志鸿优化网，永远提供更新的！丛书主编任志湖。 http://www.zhyh.org The Museum of Health and Medicine seeks to provide information about health and medicine for the general public and advanced education for students studying medicine.The museum features both a permanent exhibition space and a temporary exhibition space,with the latter focusing on topics related to medical care and the study of medicine The Agricultural Museum The Agricultural Museum displays materials from the collection of the University's Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences.Notable items on display include the documents and portraits of scientists attached to the university,inner organs of Japan's famous dog Hachiko,and drawings showing German agriculture and the varieties of Japanese cows. The Farm Museum The Farm Museum opened in 2007 within a rebuilt dairy barn.The barn was built in 1934 as part of the moving of the University of Tokyo's farm from Komaba to Tanashi,an area in western Tokyo.The museum features both permanent and temporary exhibitions.Permanent exhibitions include European farming tools used on the Komaba Farm,tools for agricultural experiments,agricultural machinery,American tractors and drawings showing German agriculture. 21.What can we know about the University Museum? A.It was founded in 1877. B.It has held over 60 exhibitions. C.It has the most items collected. D.It is the largest museum in Japan. 客案B 解析细节理解题。根据The University Museum中From the time its reorganisation into an independent entity in May 1996,the University Museum has held exhibitions over60 times.”可知，该博物馆举办过60 多次展览。故选B项。 22.Which should you visit if you are interested in all kinds of Japanese cows? A.The Farm Museum. B.The University Museum. C.The Agricultural Museum. D.The Museum of Health and Medicine. 答案c 解标细节理解题。根据The Agricultural Museum中Notable items on display..and the varieties of Japanese cows.”可知，如果你对各种日本奶牛感兴趣可以来农业博物馆。故选C项。 23.What's the purpose of the text? A.To introduce museums. B.To give the university some advice C.To make the university famous. D.To attract visitors to museums. 答案A 6

6 The Museum of Health and Medicine seeks to provide information about health and medicine for the general public and advanced education for students studying medicine.The museum features both a permanent exhibition space and a temporary exhibition space,with the latter focusing on topics related to medical care and the study of medicine. The Agricultural Museum The Agricultural Museum displays materials from the collection of the University’s Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences.Notable items on display include the documents and portraits of scientists attached to the university,inner organs of Japan’s famous dog Hachiko,and drawings showing German agriculture and the varieties of Japanese cows. The Farm Museum The Farm Museum opened in 2007 within a rebuilt dairy barn.The barn was built in 1934 as part of the moving of the University of Tokyo’s farm from Komaba to Tanashi,an area in western Tokyo.The museum features both permanent and temporary exhibitions.Permanent exhibitions include European farming tools used on the Komaba Farm,tools for agricultural experiments,agricultural machinery,American tractors and drawings showing German agriculture. 21.What can we know about the University Museum? A.It was founded in 1877. B.It has held over 60 exhibitions. C.It has the most items collected. D.It is the largest museum in Japan. 答案 B 解析细节理解题。根据 The University Museum 中“From the time its reorganisation into an independent entity in May 1996,the University Museum has held exhibitions over 60 times.”可知,该博物馆举办过 60 多次展览。故选 B 项。 22.Which should you visit if you are interested in all kinds of Japanese cows? A.The Farm Museum. B.The University Museum. C.The Agricultural Museum. D.The Museum of Health and Medicine. 答案 C 解析细节理解题。根据 The Agricultural Museum 中“Notable items on display...and the varieties of Japanese cows.”可知,如果你对各种日本奶牛感兴趣可以来农业博物馆。故选 C 项。 23.What’s the purpose of the text? A.To introduce museums. B.To give the university some advice. C.To make the university famous. D.To attract visitors to museums. 答案 A

志鸿优化系列丛书志鸿优化网永远提供更新的！丛书主编任志湖。 http://www.zhyh.org 解标推理判断题。根据第一段中Here are brief inroductions totheir histories and exhibits.”可知，本文主要目的是介绍东京大学几个博物馆以及它们的历史和展品。故选A项。 B The situation of the world's plants is not good.One fifth of the kinds of plants are in danger of disappearing,according to a report. "Plants are very vital to human beings,"said Kathy Willis,who led the new report."Plants provide us with everything-food,fuel,medicine,and they are very important for our climate controlling.Without plants we would not be here." The good news is that deforestation rates(森林砍伐率)around the world have dropped largely since the 1950s.However,this report on the health of plants around the world shows that there is much more to be done. The report predicts that there are now 390,900 kinds of plants.And about 21 percent of those plants are in danger of disappearing."The good side is that we're still discovering lots of new plants,about 2,000 each year,"said Dr Willis."The bad side is that we've seen a huge change in land cover,mainly caused by cultural activity,with a little bit of climate change as well." Human activity has a great effect on the danger of plants disappearing.As humans cut down forests to make room for agriculture,.towns and cities,,biodiversity(生物多样性)is lost..This could not only affect our own food supply directly,but also it could affect the food chain. 24.What does the underlined word"vital"in paragraph 2 probably mean? A.Useless. B.Friendly. C.Equal. D.Important. 客案D 解析词义猜测题。根据后文Plants provide us with everything--food,fuel,medicine,and they are very important for our climate controlling.Without plants we would not be here.可知植物为我们提供了一切一食物、燃料、药物，它们对我们的气候控制非常重要。没有植物，我们就不会在这里。故Katy Wlis说的是植物对人类非常重要。可知画线单词意思为“重要的”。故选D项。 25.Which of the following does Dr Willis agree with? A.New plants are more than ever before. B.About half the plants will disappear soon C.Many new plants are found every year. D.Plants mustn't be used to produce medicine. 答案 7

7 解析推理判断题。根据第一段中“Here are brief introductionsto their histories and exhibits.”可知,本文主要目的是介绍东京大学几个博物馆以及它们的历史和展品。故选 A 项。 B The situation of the world’s plants is not good.One fifth of the kinds of plants are in danger of disappearing,according to a report. “Plants are very vital to human beings,” said Kathy Willis,who led the new report.“Plants provide us with everything—food,fuel,medicine,and they are very important for our climate controlling.Without plants we would not be here.” The good news is that deforestation rates(森林砍伐率) around the world have dropped largely since the 1950s.However,this report on the health of plants around the world shows that there is much more to be done. The report predicts that there are now 390,900 kinds of plants.And about 21 percent of those plants are in danger of disappearing.“The good side is that we’re still discovering lots of new plants,about 2,000 each year,” said Dr Willis.“The bad side is that we’ve seen a huge change in land cover,mainly caused by cultural activity,with a little bit of climate change as well.” Human activity has a great effect on the danger of plants disappearing.As humans cut down forests to make room for agriculture,towns and cities,biodiversity(生物多样性) is lost.This could not only affect our own food supply directly,but also it could affect the food chain. 24.What does the underlined word “vital” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A.Useless. B.Friendly. C.Equal. D.Important. 答案 D 解析词义猜测题。根据后文“Plants provide us with everything—food,fuel,medicine,and they are very important for our climate controlling.Without plants we would not be here.”可知植物为我们提供了一切 ——食物、燃料、药物,它们对我们的气候控制非常重要。没有植物,我们就不会在这里。故 Kathy Willis 说的是植物对人类非常重要。可知画线单词意思为“重要的”。故选 D 项。 25.Which of the following does Dr Willis agree with? A.New plants are more than ever before. B.About half the plants will disappear soon. C.Many new plants are found every year. D.Plants mustn’t be used to produce medicine. 答案 C

志鸿优化系列丛书志鸿优化网，永远提供更新的！丛书主编任志湖。 http://www.zhyh.org 解标推理判断题。根据第四段中的：‘The good side is that we'restill discovering lots of new plants,.about2,O00 each year’,said Dr Willis.”并结合选项可知Willis博士会同意每年都发现许多新植物的说法。故选C项。 26.What do we learn from the third paragraph? A.We have made little progress. B.There is a long way for us to go. C.We have achieved our goal. D.There will be nothing we can do. 客案B 解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“However,.this report on the health of plants around the world shows that there is much more to be done.”可知，我们还有很长的路要走。故选B项。 27.What is the best title for the text? A.Biodiversity Being Lost B.Human Social Activity C.Environmental Protection D.Nature Climate Change 答案h 解桐标题归纳题。结合文章可知，文章主要讲述植物物种面临消失，植物对人类非常重要，植物所面临的险境会导致生物多样性丧失，这种变化最终将会危害到人类自身。可知A选项“生物多样性正在丧失”符合文章标题。故选A项。 No one knows who invented the button.It has existed as early as 2000 BC.When it first started,it was just something pretty yet replaceable sewn onto your clothes.About 3,000 years later,someone finally invented the buttonhole,and buttons were suddenly useful and applied to clothes universally. Before buttons,clothes were bigger-they had no fixed shapes.People felt as if they wrapped themselves in things.Because of the buttonhole,the fashion moved closer to the body as we discovered uses for the button.At one time,it's the very way to make clothes fit well for the body.People are completely secure. The pattern of a button hasn't changed much since the Middle Ages.It's one of the most lasting designs in history,because it actually works to keep our clothes shut.Zippers easily break and are hard to fix.Velcro is rackety,and it wears out after a while.However,if a button breaks,you just exactly sew another on.And you can do up your buttons without disturbing others. A button is there for the long run.It'snot just the most important design ever,but it's thought to be a decisive factor in the development and innovation of clothes.Present design of clothes shows its influence obviously.If you're wearing a shirt,take a look at the position of buttons on it.Ifyou're a male,the buttons would likely be on the right side,but for a female,the buttons are usually found on the left. 8

8 解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“‘The good side is that we’re still discovering lots of new plants,about 2,000 each year’,said Dr Willis.”并结合选项可知 Willis 博士会同意每年都发现许多新植物的说法。故选 C 项。 26.What do we learn from the third paragraph? A.We have made little progress. B.There is a long way for us to go. C.We have achieved our goal. D.There will be nothing we can do. 答案 B 解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“However,this report on the health of plants around the world shows that there is much more to be done.”可知,我们还有很长的路要走。故选 B 项。 27.What is the best title for the text? A.Biodiversity Being Lost B.Human Social Activity C.Environmental Protection D.Nature Climate Change 答案 A 解析标题归纳题。结合文章可知,文章主要讲述植物物种面临消失,植物对人类非常重要,植物所面临的险境会导致生物多样性丧失,这种变化最终将会危害到人类自身。可知 A 选项“生物多样性正在丧失”符合文章标题。故选 A 项。 C No one knows who invented the button.It has existed as early as 2000 BC.When it first started,it was just something pretty yet replaceable sewn onto your clothes.About 3,000 years later,someone finally invented the buttonhole,and buttons were suddenly useful and applied to clothes universally. Before buttons,clothes were bigger—they had no fixed shapes.People felt as if they wrapped themselves in things.Because of the buttonhole,the fashion moved closer to the body as we discovered uses for the button.At one time,it’sthe very way to make clothes fit well for the body.People are completely secure. The pattern of a button hasn’t changed much since the Middle Ages.It’s one of the most lasting designs in history,because it actually works to keep our clothes shut.Zippers easily break and are hard to fix.Velcro is rackety,and it wears out after a while.However,if a button breaks,you just exactly sew another on.And you can do up your buttons without disturbing others. A button is there for the long run.It’s not just the most important design ever,but it’s thought to be a decisive factor in the development and innovation of clothes.Present design of clothes shows its influence obviously.If you’re wearing a shirt,take a look at the position of buttons on it.If you’re a male,the buttons would likely be on the right side,but for a female,the buttons are usually found on the left

志鸿优化系列丛书志鸿优化网永远提供更新的！丛书主编任志湖。 http://www.zhyh.org Once the buttons were all on the right and the trend of buttons-on-the-left was set by wealthy women of the Victorian era.Their clothes were complex,consisting of corsets,petticoats,buttons and a wide range of beautiful accessories().Therefore,they needed assistance while getting dressed.Keep this in mind,clothing makers made innovation and designed articles of clothing that were simple for servants to button up.Such designs of clothing became more and more popular over time,and eventually became the standard still being followed to this day. 28.What can be learnt about early buttons in the first paragraph? A.They appeared a bit later than buttonholes. B.They served as an essential part of the clothes. C.Their popularity was driven by buttonholes greatly. D.They were invented by someone unknown accidently. 含案解析倒节理解题。由第一段的“someone finally invented the buttonhole,and buttons ere suddenly useful and applied to clothes universally”可知，由于扣眼的出现，纽扣变得有实际作用并开始被普遍地用在服装上。 29.What does the underlined word"rackety"in paragraph 3 mean? A.Decorative. B.Practical. C.Expensive. D.Noisy. 答案Dp 解析词义猜测题。根据画线词前后的“Zippers easily break and are hard to fix'”和However,if a button breaks,,you just exactly sew another on'”可知，此处是在对比纽扣与其他同作用的东西来说明它成为历史上最久远的设计之一的原因；由下文的“And you can do up your buttons without disturbing others'”可知，纽扣与Velcro(尼龙搭扣)相比，扣纽扣不会打扰到他人，由此说明扣尼龙搭扣会发出噪声，故D项 Noisy”可解释画线词。 30.Why did the design of buttons on women's clothes change in the Victorian era? A.To innovate old designs of clothes. B.To make it easier to button up. C.To beautify the clothes of women. D.To keep the standard widely followed. 答案B 解析细节理解题。由最后一段的Their clothes were complex,consisting of corsets,petticoats,buttons and a wide range of beautiful accessories.Therefore,they needed assistance while getting dressed.Keep this in mind,clothing makers made innovation and designed articles of clothing that were simple for servants to button up.”可知，在维多利亚时代，女士服装上的扣子被设计在左侧是为了方便别人帮她们扣扣子。 31.Which can be the title of the text? A.How buttons changed fashion B.What the real role of buttons is C.Why buttons were invented 9

9 Once the buttons were all on the right,and the trend of buttons-on-the-left wasset by wealthy women of the Victorian era.Their clothes were complex,consisting of corsets,petticoats,buttons and a wide range of beautiful accessories(配饰).Therefore,they needed assistance while getting dressed.Keep this in mind,clothing makers made innovation and designed articles of clothing that were simple for servants to button up.Such designs of clothing became more and more popular over time,and eventually became the standard still being followed to this day. 28.What can be learnt about early buttonsin the first paragraph? A.They appeared a bit later than buttonholes. B.They served as an essential part of the clothes. C.Their popularity was driven by buttonholes greatly. D.They were invented by someone unknown accidently. 答案 C 解析细节理解题。由第一段的“someone finally invented the buttonhole,and buttons were suddenly useful and applied to clothes universally”可知,由于扣眼的出现,纽扣变得有实际作用并开始被普遍地用在服装上。 29.What does the underlined word “rackety” in paragraph 3 mean? A.Decorative. B.Practical. C.Expensive. D.Noisy. 答案 D 解析词义猜测题。根据画线词前后的“Zippers easily break and are hard to fix”和“However,if a button breaks,you just exactly sew another on”可知,此处是在对比纽扣与其他同作用的东西来说明它成为历史上最久远的设计之一的原因;由下文的“And you can do up your buttons without disturbing others”可知,纽扣与 Velcro(尼龙搭扣)相比,扣纽扣不会打扰到他人,由此说明扣尼龙搭扣会发出噪声,故 D 项 “Noisy”可解释画线词。 30.Why did the design of buttons on women’s clothes change in the Victorian era? A.To innovate old designs of clothes. B.To make it easier to button up. C.To beautify the clothes of women. D.To keep the standard widely followed. 答案 B 解析细节理解题。由最后一段的“Their clothes were complex,consisting of corsets,petticoats,buttons and a wide range of beautiful accessories.Therefore,they needed assistance while getting dressed.Keep this in mind,clothing makers made innovation and designed articles of clothing that were simple for servants to button up.”可知,在维多利亚时代,女士服装上的扣子被设计在左侧是为了方便别人帮她们扣扣子。 31.Which can be the title of the text? A.How buttons changed fashion B.What the real role of buttons is C.Why buttons were invented

志鸿优化系列丛书志鸿优化网，永远提供更新的！丛书主编任志湖。 http://www.zhyh.org D.When buttons came into sight 答案A 解桐标题归纳题。结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲了纽扣的普遍使用影响了服装的发展和变化。故 A项适合用作本文标题。 D How does an ecosystem(生态系统)work?What makes the populations of different species the way they are?Why are there so many flies and so few wolves?To find an answer,scientists have built mathematical models of food webs,noting who eats whom and how much each one eats. With such models,scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs.Most food webs,for instance,consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones.When a predator() always eats huge numbers of single prey(),the two species are strongly linked,when a predator lives on various species,they are weakly linked.Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term.If a predator can eat several species,it can survive the extinction()of one of them.And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare,the switch allows the original prey to recover.The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction. Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable,where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems.In the 1960s,scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species-including species they did not directly attack. And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true.In the ocean,we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale,while on land,we killed off large predators such as wolves.These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance. Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models.Ideally,the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline.Prevention is key,scientists say,because once ecosystems pass their tipping point(临界点)，it is remarkably difficult for them to return. 32.What have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical models of food webs? A.The living habits of species in food webs. B.The rules governing food webs of the ecosystems. C.The approaches to studying the species in the ecosystems. D.The differences between weak and strong links in food webs. 答案B 解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句中的“scientists have found out...in food webs..”得知科学家们发现了食物网运行的关键法则。故选B项。 33.A strong link is found between two species when a predator A.has a wide food choice 10

10 D.When buttons came into sight 答案 A 解析标题归纳题。结合全文内容可知,文章主要讲了纽扣的普遍使用影响了服装的发展和变化。故 A 项适合用作本文标题。 D How does an ecosystem(生态系统) work?What makes the populations of different species the way they are?Why are there so many flies and so few wolves?To find an answer,scientists have built mathematical models of food webs,noting who eats whom and how much each one eats. With such models,scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs.Most food webs,for instance,consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones.When a predator(掠食动物) always eats huge numbers of single prey(猎物),the two species are strongly linked;when a predator lives on various species,they are weakly linked.Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term.If a predator can eat several species,it can survive the extinction(灭绝) of one of them.And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare,the switch allows the original prey to recover.The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction. Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable,where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems.In the 1960s,scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species—including species they did not directly attack. And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true.In the ocean,we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale,while on land,we killed off large predators such as wolves.These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance. Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models.Ideally,the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline.Prevention is key,scientists say,because once ecosystems pass their tipping point(临界点),it is remarkably difficult for them to return. 32.What have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical models of food webs? A.The living habits of species in food webs. B.The rules governing food webs of the ecosystems. C.The approaches to studying the species in the ecosystems. D.The differences between weak and strong links in food webs. 答案 B 解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句中的“scientists have found out...in food webs.”得知科学家们发现了食物网运行的关键法则。故选 B 项。 33.A strong link is found between two species when a predator . A.has a wide food choice

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《高中英语》全程设计训练题库（选修第一册，课后习题，含答案）UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND_第五单元过关检测