Part Four:Writing and Translation>>Translation Return Translation 词义增补(1) 由于表达方式和语言结构的差异,在 英汉翻译时,需要按意义和句法上的需要 在原文的基础上添加一些必要的词,使译 名词、 文更加流畅、自然。这种添加词语使译文 流畅、自然的方法在翻译中称为词义的增 动词的增添 补。词义的增补能够帮助有效地处理译文, 是翻译中常用的手段
由于表达方式和语言结构的差异,在 英汉翻译时,需要按意义和句法上的需要 在原文的基础上添加一些必要的词,使译 文更加流畅、自然。这种添加词语使译文 流畅、自然的方法在翻译中称为词义的增 补。词义的增补能够帮助有效地处理译文, 是翻译中常用的手段。 名 词 、 动 词 的 增 添 词 义 增 补 ( 1 ) — Translation Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation
Part Four:Writing and Translation>>Translation Return 比较英、汉两种语言可以发现:在英语中,名词使用 频率高;而汉语中则是动词用得多。因此,在英语没有动 词出现的情况下,根据意义需要,可以在名词前后增加原 1英译汉的增词 文中虽无其词而有其义的动词,使译文更加忠实原文,语 言也更为通顺,更符合中文表达习惯。例如: 1)You will often remember the reason why 1 you were asked to learn this poem or song 增加动词 It may have been for a show to which families were invited. 你往往会记得当时要你学会这首诗或这首歌的理由。这也 许是为了在邀请了家人的聚会场合中表演节且
比较英、汉两种语言可以发现:在英语中,名词使用 频率高;而汉语中则是动词用得多。因此,在英语没有动 词出现的情况下,根据意义需要,可以在名词前后增加原 文中虽无其词而有其义的动词,使译文更加忠实原文,语 言也更为通顺,更符合中文表达习惯。例如: 1) You will often remember the reason why you were asked to learn this poem or song. It may have been for a show to which families were invited. 你往往会记得当时要你学会这首诗或这首歌的理由。这也 许是为了在邀请了家人的聚会场合中表演节目。 Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation 1 增 加 动 词 1 英 译 汉 的 增 词 . .1
Part Four:Writing and Translation>>Translation Return 2)Studies serve for delight,for ornament,and for ability. 读书足以怡情、足以博采、足以长才。 3)In the evening,after concerts and the table tennis exhibitions,Edward would prepare for his presentation the next day. 晚上在出席音乐会,观看乒乓球表演之后,爱德华还 得准备第二天的表演
2) Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. 读书足以怡情、足以博采、足以长才。 3) In the evening, after concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, Edward would prepare for his presentation the next day. 晚上在出席音乐会, 观看乒乓球表演之后, 爱德华还 得准备第二天的表演。 Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation
Part Four:Writing and Translation>>Translation Return 英语中的不及物动词后面不跟宾语。在翻译 中遇到这种情况时,汉语译文常常需要填补 宾语。例如: 2增加名词 1)I haven't enough time to read. 我没有足够的时间读书。 2)Every day you can see her doing housework-cooking,sweeping,and cleaning. 每天你都可以看见她做家务—一做饭、扫地、 收拾房间
英语中的不及物动词后面不跟宾语。在翻译 中遇到这种情况时,汉语译文常常需要填补 宾语。例如: 1) I haven't enough time to read. 我没有足够的时间读书。 2) Every day you can see her doing housework—cooking, sweeping, and cleaning. 每天你都可以看见她做家务——做饭、扫地、 收拾房间。 Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation 2 增 加 名 词
Part Four:Writing and Translation>>Translation Return 有时在某些形容词前也需要增加一些名词,使意义 更加完整,例如: 1)This dictionary is indeed cheap and good. 这本词典真是价廉物美。 2)A new kind of aircraft-small,cheap,pilot- less-is attracting increasing attention. 一种新型的飞机正越来越引起人们的注意 这种飞机体积小、造价低、无人驾驶
有时在某些形容词前也需要增加一些名词, 使意义 更加完整, 例如: 1) This dictionary is indeed cheap and good. 这本词典真是价廉物美 。 2) A new kind of aircraft-small, cheap, pilotless-is attracting increasing attention. 一种新型的飞机正越来越引起人们的注意—— 这种飞机体积小、造价低、无人驾驶。 Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation
Part Four:Writing and Translation>>Translation Return 在翻译某些名词(特别是由动词和形容词派生的抽象名词)时也需要 在该词后增加一个名词,使语言表达更加符合中文习惯。例如: 1)The leader is not satisfied with our preparation. 领导对我们的准备工作不满意。 2)The border dispute has been a continuing source of tension. 边界争端一直是造成紧张局势的根源。 3)Anyone wanting to enter the com puter business faces tough competition 任何想进入计算机行业的人都面临着强硬的竞争对手。 4)The world needn't be afraid of a possible shortage of coal,oil, natural gas or other resources for fuel for the future. 世界无需担心将来可能出现的煤、石油、天然气或者其他燃料来 源短缺问题
在翻译某些名词(特别是由动词和形容词派生的抽象名词)时也需要 在该词后增加一个名词, 使语言表达更加符合中文习惯。例如: 1) The leader is not satisfied with our preparation. 领导对我们的准备工作不满意。 2) The border dispute has been a continuing source of tension. 边界争端一直是造成紧张局势的根源。 3) Anyone wanting to enter the computer business faces tough competition. 任何想进入计算机行业的人都面临着强硬的竞争对手。 4) The world needn't be afraid of a possible shortage of coal, oil, natural gas or other resources for fuel for the future. 世界无需担心将来可能出现的煤、石油、天然气或者其他燃料来 源短缺问题。 Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation
Part Four:Writing and Translation>>Translation Return 汉语里无主语或没有宾语的句子很多,英语则 不同。在汉译英时,常需将隐含的主语与宾语补 上,以符合英语语法习惯。例如: 2汉译英的增词 1)非常盼望收到你的回信。 I'm looking forward to your reply. 2.1 2)这位医生致力于寻求癌症的治疗方法。 增加代词或名词 The doctor devoted herse/f to finding a cure for cancer. 汉语中物主代词使用不如英语多,翻译时需增添 相关代词。例如:
汉语里无主语或没有宾语的句子很多,英语则 不同。在汉译英时,常需将隐含的主语与宾语补 上,以符合英语语法习惯。例如: 1) 非常盼望收到你的回信。 I’m looking forward to your reply. 2) 这位医生致力于寻求癌症的治疗方法。 The doctor devoted herself to finding a cure for cancer. 汉语中物主代词使用不如英语多,翻译时需增添 相关代词。例如: Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation 增 加 代 词 或 名 词 2 汉 译 英 的 增 词 2.1
Part Four:Writing and Translation>>Translation Return 1)当然,在第一次演讲前他并不知道会有怎样的结果。 Of course,he did not know what the outcome would be before his first speech. 2)他致富后就忘了老朋友了。 He forgot his old friends when he k became rich. 3)她冒着生命危险去抢救那个溺水儿童。 She risked her life trying to save the drowning child. 4)她不小心让裙子夹在门缝里给撕破了。 She accidentally shut her skirt in the door and tore it. End of Knowing About Translation
1) 当然,在第一次演讲前他并不知道会有怎样的结果。 Of course, he did not know what the outcome would be before his first speech. 2) 他致富后就忘了老朋友了。 He forgot his old friends when he became rich. 3) 她冒着生命危险去抢救那个溺水儿童。 She risked her life trying to save the drowning child. 4) 她不小心让裙子夹在门缝里给撕破了。 She accidentally shut her skirt in the door and tore it. Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation End of Knowing About Translation
Part Four:Writing and Translation>>Translation Return Translation Practice Translate the following sentences into Chinese. Translate the following passage into English
Translation Practice Translate the following sentences into Chinese. Translate the following passage into English. Part Four: Writing and Translation>> Translation
Part Four:Writing and Translation->Translation Return 1.Translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. 1)Reading exercises one's eyes;speaking, one's tongue;while writing,one's mind. 阅读训练人的眼睛,说话训练人的口齿,写作训 练人的思维。 2)Association with the good can only produce good,with the wicked,evil. 近朱者赤,近墨者黑。 To Be Continued 海园下桌气●桌赤园下桌气口美
1) Reading exercises one's eyes; speaking, one's tongue; while writing, one's mind. 阅读训练人的眼睛,说话训练人的口齿,写作训 练人的思维。 1. Translate the following sentences from English to Chinese. 2) Association with the good can only produce good, with the wicked, evil. 近朱者赤,近墨者黑。 Part Four: Writing and Translation>>Translation To Be Continued