第十章应激相关障碍 一、单项选择题 1.下列哪项不是急性心因性反应的临床特点 A.不同程度的意识障碍 B.强烈的情感体验 C.妄想少见 D.暗示性强 E.植物神经功能紊乱 2.以下哪一项不是心理应激状态下的情绪特征？ A.情绪不稳，易激惹 B.表情茫然 C.激情发作 D.焦虑不安，慌张恐惧 E.情感淡漠 3.急性心因性精神障碍发生在灾难性事件的 A.数分钟至数小时 B.半天至一天 C.数天 D.数周 E.数月 4.以下哪一项不是急性心因性反应的特征？ A.病程一般不超过3个月 B.精神症状的发生与应激事件有时间上的紧密联系 C.内容常涉及心因与个人经历 D.精神运动性兴奋或抑制 E.可出现意识障碍 5.以下哪一项不是延迟性心因性反应的特征？ A.应激原往往具有异常惊恐或灾难性质 B.反复重现创伤体验
第十章 应激相关障碍 一、单项选择题 1.下列哪项不是急性心因性反应的临床特点 A．不同程度的意识障碍 B．强烈的情感体验 C．妄想少见 D．暗示性强 E．植物神经功能紊乱 2.以下哪一项不是心理应激状态下的情绪特征？ A．情绪不稳，易激惹 B．表情茫然 C .激情发作 D．焦虑不安，慌张恐惧 E．情感淡漠 3.急性心因性精神障碍发生在灾难性事件的 A．数分钟至数小时 B．半天至一天 C．数天 D．数周 E．数月 4.以下哪一项不是急性心因性反应的特征? A．病程一般不超过 3 个月 B．精神症状的发生与应激事件有时间上的紧密联系 C．内容常涉及心因与个人经历 D．精神运动性兴奋或抑制 E．可出现意识障碍 5.以下哪一项不是延迟性心因性反应的特征？ A．应激原往往具有异常惊恐或灾难性质 B．反复重现创伤体验
C.症状常有晨重夜轻的节律变化 D.持续性警觉性增高 E.发病常在遭受创伤后数日至半年内出现 6.以下哪一项不是适应性障碍的特征？ A.应激原常为日常生活中的应激性事件 B.适应能力不良的个体易患 C.病程一般不超过一年 D.部分患者可以表现为品行障碍 E.症状以情绪障碍为主 二、多项选择题 1.应激相关障碍的分类，下面正确的项目有哪些？ A.急性应激障碍 B.急性应激性精神病 C.创伤后应激障碍 D.适应障碍 E.品行障碍 2.应激相关障碍发生、发展的相关因素，以下各条中正确的有哪些？ A.生活事件和生活处境 B.社会文化背景 C.与人格特点无关 D.可以包括分离性障碍 E.可以包括焦虑症 3.下面是有关创伤后应激障碍的特点，请指出正确的项目？ A.创伤体验的病理性重现 B.持续性的警觉性的提高 C.持续性的回避 D.没有对创伤体验的遗忘 E.对未来充满希望 4.下面是有关适应不良的特点，请指出正确的项目 A.可能有一定的人格基础
C．症状常有晨重夜轻的节律变化 D．持续性警觉性增高 E．发病常在遭受创伤后数日至半年内出现 6.以下哪一项不是适应性障碍的特征？ A．应激原常为日常生活中的应激性事件 B．适应能力不良的个体易患 C．病程一般不超过一年 D．部分患者可以表现为品行障碍 E．症状以情绪障碍为主 二、多项选择题 1.应激相关障碍的分类，下面正确的项目有哪些？ A．急性应激障碍 B．急性应激性精神病 C．创伤后应激障碍 D．适应障碍 E．品行障碍 2.应激相关障碍发生、发展的相关因素，以下各条中正确的有哪些？ A．生活事件和生活处境 B．社会文化背景 C．与人格特点无关 D．可以包括分离性障碍 E．可以包括焦虑症 3.下面是有关创伤后应激障碍的特点，请指出正确的项目？ A．创伤体验的病理性重现 B．持续性的警觉性的提高 C．持续性的回避 D．没有对创伤体验的遗忘 E．对未来充满希望 4.下面是有关适应不良的特点，请指出正确的项目 A．可能有一定的人格基础
B.一般病程不超过6个月 C.无明显的诱因 D.主要是个人的努力不够 E.社会功能不受损害 5.心理应激状态可表现以下哪些情况 A.警觉性增高，对刺激敏感 B.注意力分散而难于集中 C.思维活动灵活多变 D.情绪与行为异常 E.植物神经功能症状 6.个体对心理应激源的认知与评估受以下哪些因素的影响 A.应激源的性质 B.应激源持续的时间 C.个体的生活经历 D.个体的性格特征 E.个体的价值观 7.影响应激反应的因素主要有： A.认知水平 B.社会经济水平 C.人格特征 D.遗传因素 E.健康状态 8.临床上常见的兴奋状态有： A.躁狂症 B.器质性 C.青春性 D.紧张性 E.反应性 三、简答题 1.影响应激反应的相关因素有哪些？
B．一般病程不超过 6 个月 C．无明显的诱因 D．主要是个人的努力不够 E．社会功能不受损害 5.心理应激状态可表现以下哪些情况 A.警觉性增高，对刺激敏感 B.注意力分散而难于集中 C.思维活动灵活多变 D.情绪与行为异常 E.植物神经功能症状 6.个体对心理应激源的认知与评估受以下哪些因素的影响 A.应激源的性质 B.应激源持续的时间 C.个体的生活经历 D.个体的性格特征 E.个体的价值观 7.影响应激反应的因素主要有： A．认知水平 B．社会经济水平 C．人格特征 D．遗传因素 E．健康状态 8.临床上常见的兴奋状态有： A．躁狂症 B．器质性 C．青春性 D．紧张性 E．反应性 三、简答题 1．影响应激反应的相关因素有哪些？
2.简述急性心因性反应（急性应激障碍）的临床特点。 3.简述延迟性心因性反应的临床特征。 4.创伤性应激障碍的临床特征是什么？ 5.简述应激相关疾病的治疗原则。 6.试述应激源致病的中介机制。 选择题答案： 一、单项选择题 1.D2.E3.A4.A5.C6.C 二、多选择题 1.ACD 2.AB 3.ABC 4.AB 5.ABCD 6.ABCDE 7.ACDE 8.ACD 英文题 Select the single best response for each question. 1 Adjustment disorders are characterized by A.Time-limited but not chronic stressors. B.Symptom resolution within 12 months of the stressor's ending. C.Symptom development within 3 months of the stressor's onset. D.Distress proportional to the stressor. 2 A 22-year-old woman who had been fired from her job in March presents to the outpatient medical clinic in August with a 1-month history of depressed mood and insomnia.She also reports decreased appetite but no other symptoms of depression. She relates her symptoms to the job loss.The most likely diagnosis is A.No diagnosis. B.Adjustment disorder with depression. C.Anxiety disorder not otherwise specified. D.Major depression,single episode. E.Dysthymia
2．简述急性心因性反应（急性应激障碍）的临床特点。 3．简述延迟性心因性反应的临床特征。 4．创伤性应激障碍的临床特征是什么？ 5．简述应激相关疾病的治疗原则。 6．试述应激源致病的中介机制。 选择题答案: 一、单项选择题 1.D 2.E 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.C 二、多选择题 1.ACD 2.AB 3.ABC 4.AB 5.ABCD 6.ABCDE 7.ACDE 8.ACD 英文题 Select the single best response for each question. 1 Adjustment disorders are characterized by A. Time-limited but not chronic stressors. B. Symptom resolution within 12 months of the stressor’s ending. C. Symptom development within 3 months of the stressor’s onset. D. Distress proportional to the stressor. 2 A 22-year-old woman who had been fired from her job in March presents to the outpatient medical clinic in August with a 1-month history of depressed mood and insomnia. She also reports decreased appetite but no other symptoms of depression. She relates her symptoms to the job loss. The most likely diagnosis is A. No diagnosis. B. Adjustment disorder with depression. C. Anxiety disorder not otherwise specified. D. Major depression, single episode. E. Dysthymia
3 Which of the following statements about adjustment disorders in relation to other Axis I,Axis II,and Axis III disorders is true? A.Psychiatric inpatient length of stay is less for patients hospitalized with ad justment disorder than for those hospitalized with ma jor depression. B.The prevalence of personality disorders is not elevated in patients with adjustment disorders. C.Mixed anxiety and depressive disorder (subsyndromal major depression and generalized anxiety disorder)is less chronic than adjustment disorder with mixed anxiety and depression. D.If a patient's symptoms from a stressor meet criteria for both depression and adjustment disorder,both diagnoses can be made. E.In men and women presenting with identical symptoms,women are more often diagnosed with adjustment disorder,whereas men are more often diagnosed with depression. 4 A review of the literature by Strain et al.(1998)revealed that adjustment disorder was diagnosed in hospitalized medical and surgical patients at academic hospitals at an approximate rate of A.2.5%. B.5%. C.12%. D.20% E.30%. 5 In a 5-year follow-up study by Andreasen and Hoenk (1982),approximately what percentage of patients with adjustment disorder developed depression or alcoholism? A.10%. B.20%. C.30%. D.40%
3 Which of the following statements about adjustment disorders in relation to other Axis I, Axis II, and Axis III disorders is true? A. Psychiatric inpatient length of stay is less for patients hospitalized with adjustment disorder than for those hospitalized with major depression. B. The prevalence of personality disorders is not elevated in patients with adjustment disorders. C. Mixed anxiety and depressive disorder (subsyndromal major depression and generalized anxiety disorder) is less chronic than adjustment disorder with mixed anxiety and depression. D. If a patient’s symptoms from a stressor meet criteria for both depression and adjustment disorder, both diagnoses can be made. E. In men and women presenting with identical symptoms, women are more often diagnosed with adjustment disorder, whereas men are more often diagnosed with depression. 4 A review of the literature by Strain et al. (1998) revealed that adjustment disorder was diagnosed in hospitalized medical and surgical patients at academic hospitals at an approximate rate of A. 2.5%. B. 5%. C. 12%. D. 20%. E. 30%. 5 In a 5-year follow-up study by Andreasen and Hoenk (1982), approximately what percentage of patients with adjustment disorder developed depression or alcoholism? A. 10%. B. 20%. C. 30%. D. 40%
E.50%. 参考答案 1.C2.B3.A 4.C 5.B
E. 50%. 参考答案 1. C 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B