Canada Unit21 Canadian Literature(加拿大的文学) 一、本单元重点内容 L,Central idea of Caradian literature(加拿大文学的中心理念) 2.Native Canadian mythology(加拿大本土神话) 3.Early colon过lile铺ure(早期殖民文学) 4.Literature of na域ion building(建国时期的文学) 5.Ted Allan(秦德·同兰) 6.Hugh Maclennan(休-麦克莱农) 7.Msd1 aurerce(玛格丽特劳伦斯) 8. Margaret Atwood(玛格图特阿特伍德) 9.Alice Munro(爱图性曼萝1931) 10.Michael Ondaatje(迈克尔·黯达杰 二、本单元重、难点辅导 L.Central idea of Canadian literature(加章大文学的中心理老) Accordin喀to Margaret Atwood(玛格特可特伍德，The idea of“aurviv过is the central习mbol of Canadian literature(“生存”的思想是加拿大民族文学的中心象征Firs业，there is the concern with mple“rvival in the face of ho以tileelements(在恶劣的白然条f件下的“生存")--dangerous natural world.huge distance.endless forests.hard winters )wild animals.Just surviving in these conditions was a full--time job for Canadians,na减ive or settler,pric鱼（在.之前this century Second业 there is the concer with"cultural”vival in a variety of ways(对"文化"生存的若干不同方式的关注) the maintenance of Canadian identi的y in colonial age(殖民时期如拿大特性的保持，the persistence of native Canadian peoples(加拿大本土民接的坚持，.the survival of French-Canadian identity(法音加拿大 人特性的生存.the survival of any overall Caradian identity over intemal differencesand over the huge ©hb0ur-LUSA(当受到内部分歧的困扰时，同时外部受到强大邻国美国文化大量侵入的冲击时，加 拿大的总体特性得以保存下米。) 2.Native Canadian mythology加章大本土神话) Native myths and legends are a well-known part of modern Canadian literature Many tales of the Native myths explain the first creation of the world and people. 3.Ear内colonial literat相re(早期激民文学) Books of carly colonial lterature often took the wilderness or the native peoples as their subjects Susanna Moodie's(媚娜·穆迪1803-1885)Rowghing It闲he Bask(《丛林中的限辛》d1852 would be a good example of such a description
Canada 1 Unit 21 Canadian Literature (加拿大的文学) 一、本单元重点内容 1. Central idea of Canadian literature (加拿大文学的中心理念) 2. Native Canadian mythology (加拿大本土神话) 3. Early colonial literature (早期殖民文学) 4. Literature of nation building (建国时期的文学) 5. Ted Allan (泰德·阿兰) 6. Hugh Maclennan (休·麦克莱农) 7. Margaret Laurence (玛格丽特·劳伦斯) 8. Margaret Atwood (玛格丽特·阿特伍德) 9. Alice Munro (爱丽丝·曼萝 1931) 10. Michael Ondaatje (迈克尔·翁达杰) 二、本单元重、难点辅导 1. Central idea of Canadian literature (加拿大文学的中心理念) According to Margaret Atwood (玛格丽特·阿特伍德): The idea of “survival” is the central symbol of Canadian literature (“生存”的思想是加拿大民族文学的中心象征). Firstly, there is the concern with “simple” survival in the face of hostile elements (在恶劣的自然条件下的“生存”) --- dangerous natural world, huge distance, endless forests, hard winters (严酷的), wild animals. Just surviving in these conditions was a full-time job for Canadians, native or settler, prior to (在…之前)this century. Secondly, there is the concern with “cultural” survival in a variety of ways (对“文化”生存的若干不同方式的关注): the maintenance of Canadian identity in colonial age (殖民时期加拿大特性的保持); the persistence of native Canadian peoples (加拿大本土民族的坚持); the survival of French-Canadian identity (法裔加拿大 人特性的生存); the survival of any overall Canadian identity over internal differences and over the huge neighbour---USA (当受到内部分歧的困扰时，同时外部受到强大邻国美国文化大量侵入的冲击时，加 拿大的总体特性得以保存下来。). 2. Native Canadian mythology (加拿大本土神话) Native myths and legends are a well-known part of modern Canadian literature. Many tales of the Native myths explain the first creation of the world and people. 3. Early colonial literature (早期殖民文学) Books of early colonial literature often took the wilderness or the native peoples as their subjects. Susanna Moodie’s (苏姗娜·穆迪 1803-1885) Roughing It in the Bush (《丛林中的艰辛》)of 1852 would be a good example of such a description
Canada 4.Literature of nation building(建国时期的文学(l867年到2D世纪初的文学) )the era of realism in Canadian literature知章大文学中的现实主义时 The era of realism in Canadian literature occurred after confederation in 1867 when Canada was seen as a single entity.This was also an era in which the modern world came into being.through a period of rapid social changes throughout the nation.In one way this process was seen as the natural.plots were worked out in a coherent and predictable fashion the conclusion followed rationally from what went before (从上下文合理地引出结局)，though much of the actu过content migh址be romantic fanta吗y(虽然实际内容 可能大部分具有浪漫色移的幻)An example is William Kirb上（威康舞可尔比I817.I90写cd e Golden Dogl《金s判)，l877(*Quebec's difficult relationship with this nation-building process is seen in this novel) 2)Anne of Green Gab四《绿情园的安妮》，18) Anne of Gren Gables.ritten by Lucy Mad Montgomery(露西聚哥马利1874I974).sa children's story which loved by readers all over the world.It is perhaps the most famous single work of Canadian literature.The novel tells the story of red-headed orphan girl.Anne.and her adolescent predicaments(图境)inhe动ylic(田园的etting of a small island town. "Robert Service(罗怕特-老维)and Duncan Campbell Scott(邓肯斯-坎贝尔斯科特)re poets of this period S.literature of the20 th cent相ry before1945(1945年之前的20发纪文学 I)The"Montreal Group”f poets蒙特利尔诗人小组：The"Montreal Group”of poe5 s were a group of Modernist poets.In 1925.they published a journal The founders the journal included ERScott 1899-1985)a politically active writer who satirized the Canadian politician Mackenzie King 肯奇金18741950，在2】年内三度任如拿大总理，领导自由党30年，是加拿大最有影响的政治人 物之一）nawa可which provides some insight imo Canadian insecurity(不安全about their identity(身 份，特性) 2)Ted Allan's李德阿兰1916195)The Scmlpe.he5swad《手术刀即刀剑》is a biography of a doctor called Norman Bethune(是关于医生诺尔曼·白求思的传记 3yThe relationship between French and English Canada was most famously the subject of Hugh Macleanan's(休麦克莱农1907-1990 ovel the Twvo Solirud到《两种孤独)1945).（该作的主题是魁北 克省的英语族人和法语疾人的关系) 6.Canadian literature after WWIl ended二战结束后/I45年后的加幸大文季判 In this post-war period.Carada's most famous and successful writers have appeared 1)Margaret Laurence玛格丽特-劳伦新I26-方Margaret Laurence was0 ne of the m0以famous modern writers in Canada Having spent many years living in Africa she was influenced by the political emvironment there and the position of women in such societies This experience also gave her a sense of her own cultural "differerxce"from the culture she found herself in The idea of respecting the differerce 2
Canada 2 4. Literature of nation building (建国时期的文学) (1867 年到 20 世纪初的文学) 1) the era of realism in Canadian literature (加拿大文学中的现实主义时期) The era of realism in Canadian literature occurred after confederation in 1867 when Canada was seen as a single entity. This was also an era in which the modern world came into being, through a period of rapid social changes throughout the nation. In one way this process was seen as the natural, plots were worked out in a coherent and predictable fashion; the conclusion followed rationally from what went before (从上下文合理地引出结局), though much of the actual content might be romantic fantasy (虽然实际内容 可能大部分具有浪漫色彩的幻想). An example is William Kirby’s (威廉姆·可尔比 1817-1906) novel The Golden Dog(《金狗》,1877) (*Quebec’s difficult relationship with this nation-building process is seen in this novel) 2) Anne of Green Gables(《绿檐园的安妮》，1908) Anne of Green Gables, written by Lucy Maud Montgomery (露西·蒙哥马利 1874-1974), is a children’s story which loved by readers all over the world. It is perhaps the most famous single work of Canadian literature. The novel tells the story of red-headed orphan girl, Anne, and her adolescent predicaments (困境) in the idyllic (田园的) setting of a small island town. *Robert Service (罗伯特·塞维斯) and Duncan Campbell Scott (邓肯斯·坎贝尔·斯科特) are poets of this period. 5. literature of the 20th century before 1945 (1945 年之前的 20 世纪文学) 1) The “Montreal Group” of poets (蒙特利尔诗人小组): The “Montreal Group” of poets were a group of Modernist poets. In 1925, they published a journal. The founders the journal included F.R. Scott (斯科特 1899-1985), a politically active writer who satirized the Canadian politician Mackenzie King (麦 肯奇·金 1874-1950，在 21 年内三度任加拿大总理，领导自由党 30 年，是加拿大最有影响的政治人 物之一) in a way which provides some insight into Canadian insecurity (不安全感) about their identity (身 份，特性). 2) Ted Allan’s (泰德·阿兰 1916-1995) The Scalpel, the Sword 《手术刀即刀剑》 is a biography of a doctor called Norman Bethune (是关于医生诺尔曼·白求恩的传记) 3)The relationship between French and English Canada was most famously the subject of Hugh Maclennan’s (休·麦克莱农 1907-1990) novel the Two Solitudes(《两种孤独》1945). (该作的主题是魁北 克省的英语族人和法语族人的关系) 6. Canadian literature after WWII ended (二战结束后/1945 年后的加拿大文学) * In this post-war period, Canada’s most famous and successful writers have appeared. 1) Margaret Laurence (玛格丽特·劳伦斯 1926- ): Margaret Laurence was one of the most famous modern writers in Canada. Having spent many years living in Africa, she was influenced by the political environment there and the position of women in such societies. This experience also gave her a sense of her own cultural “difference” from the culture she found herself in. The idea of respecting the difference
Canada between peoples.races,regions.sexes.and generations is powerful theme of her work.and makes her highly representative of contemporary Canada with its emphasis on"multiculturalism".Her works include 7 The Diviner5《占卜者》.Her other works in this series portray the arrival of successive waves of'settlers )Margaret Atwood玛格图特阿特伍德，I939.:Margaret Atwood is the most successful and interationally recognized of current Canadian novelists She proposed the idea of "survival"as centrall to Canadian literature.Her bes过-known novel is7 e Handmaid's Tale(《女闭人的故事》I9x5afta可yg in the future in which women have lost all political rights and become the possession of men valued only for their ability to bear children. 3 Michacl Ondaatje迈克尔粪达杰I93-)is best know for his novel7 he English Patient(《英国 转人》，which was made into an extremely sccessful film in I997. 4)Alice Munro(爱压丝-曼萝193)is one of the best Canadian novelists and short-ory writers. Her first collection of short stories(复篇故事集，agg时he Happy Shades(《快乐色调之舞》人 appeared in 1968.Now she is till active in her wniting careet Her latest book.Hoteship.Friendship. Cow7hp,Loreshuip,Marriage(《爱根情仇和婚嫁))was published in200 I and was a great success Munro was born and brought up in a small town in Ontario.Her novel Lires of Girts and Women(《女孩和 女人的生活》)was published in I97l,folowed by her second collection of short stories Sowerling I've Been Meaning to Tell7an(《我一直塑告诉你的一件事)inI974 The two collections of sories Frend My Yourh(《我年轻时的朋友)and Open Secr(《公开的径密》).have shown her continuing development as a writer and have extended her fame far beyond Canada's borders(使地的名气超过了加 拿大的国界) 5)One of the biggest selling authors Farley Mow过's(法利真厄特)exciting books initiate mary Canadians into the idea th城fe is a struggle to survive(使得许多加拿大人认为生话本身就是为生存而 晨开的一场斗争.)Los in the Barens(《送路荒3野》)is one of his best novels
Canada 3 between peoples, races, regions, sexes, and generations is powerful theme of her work, and makes her highly representative of contemporary Canada with its emphasis on “multiculturalism”. Her works include The Diviners《占卜者》. Her other works in this series portray the arrival of successive waves of settlers. 2) Margaret Atwood (玛格丽特·阿特伍德, 1939- ): Margaret Atwood is the most successful and internationally recognized of current Canadian novelists. She proposed the idea of “survival” as central to Canadian literature. Her best-known novel is The Handmaid’s Tale (《女佣人的故事》)(1985), a fantasy set in the future in which women have lost all political rights and become the possession of men, valued only for their ability to bear children. 3) Michael Ondaatje (迈克尔·翁达杰 1943-) is best know for his novel The English Patient (《英国 病人》), which was made into an extremely successful film in 1997. 4) Alice Munro (爱丽丝·曼萝 1931) is one of the best Canadian novelists and short-story writers. Her first collection of short stories (短篇故事集), Dance of the Happy Shades (《快乐色调之舞》), appeared in 1968. Now she is till active in her writing career. Her latest book, Hateship, Friendship, Courtship, Loveship, Marriage (《爱恨情仇和婚嫁》) was published in 2001 and was a great success. Munro was born and brought up in a small town in Ontario. Her novel Lives of Girls and Women (《女孩和 女人的生活》) was published in 1971, followed by her second collection of short stories, Something I’ve Been Meaning to Tell You (《我一直想告诉你的一件事》)in 1974. The two collections of stories, Friend of My Youth (《我年轻时的朋友》)and Open Secrets (《公开的秘密》), have shown her continuing development as a writer and have extended her fame far beyond Canada’s borders (使她的名气超过了加 拿大的国界). 5) One of the biggest selling authors Farley Mowat’s (法利·莫厄特) exciting books initiate many Canadians into the idea that life is a struggle to survive (使得许多加拿大人认为生活本身就是为生存而 展开的一场斗争.) Lost in the Barrens (《迷路荒野》) is one of his best novels