试卷代号：1016 中央广播电视大学2006一2007学年度第一学期“开放本科”期末考试 英语专业高级职业英语 试题 2007年1月 注意事项 一、将你的学号、姓名及分校（工作站）名称填写在答题纸的规定栏 内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。试卷和答题纸均不得带 出考场。监考人收完考卷和答题纸后才可离开考场。 二，仔细读懂题目的说明，并按题目要求和答题示例答题。答案一 定要写在答题纸的指定位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。 三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。 Information for the examinees: This examination consists of three sections.They are: Section I:Listening Test (30 points,20 minutes) Section II:Reading Test(50 points,40 minutes) Section I:Writing Test (20 points,30 minutes) The total marks for this examination are 100 points.Time allowed for completing this examination is 90 minutes. 110
试卷代号:1016 中央广播电视大学2006=2007学年度第一学期“开放本科”期末考试 英语专业 高级职业英语 试题 2007年1月 注 意 事 项 一、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏 内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。试卷和答题纸均不得带 出考场。监考人收完考卷和答题纸后才可离开考场。 二、仔细读懂题目的说明，并按题目要求和答题示例答题。答案一 定要写在答题纸的指定位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。 三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。 Information for the examinees: This examination consists of three sections. They are: Section I: Listening Test(30 points，20 minutes) Section ]I: Reading Test(50 points，40 minutes) Section班: Writing Test(20 points，30 minutes) The total marks for this examination are 100 points. Time allowed for completing this examination is 90 minutes. 110
Section I:Listening Test 30 points Instructions: ■ The Listening Test will take approximately 20 minutes. There are two parts to the test and you will hear each part twice. There will be a pause of 30 seconds after each part to allow you to think about your answers. You can first write your answers on this test paper.You will have a few minutes at the end of the test to transfer your answers to the Answer Sheet. ALL ANSWERS MUST APPEAR ON THE ANSWER SHEET. Part 1:Questions 1-10 are based on this part.10 points Listen to the conversation and fill in the blanks in the table below,which gives the details about the meaning of food mentioned in the conversation. Culiural background of people Food they like Food they dislike Food recognisable as an Processed foods like pate, animal,for example,cooked English speaking people (1）0r fish (3)and fish with (2). the (4)left in. Animals that have names and Animals that are socially are socially close like English speaking people distant like (5), (6)and cows or sheep. (7). Dogs that have not eaten Hawaiians Dogs that are carnivorous. (8). English speaking men who call themselves“ (10)meat. Quiche (9)men” 111
Section I:Listening Test 30 points Instructions The Listening Test will take approximately 20 minutes. There are two parts to the test and you will hear each part twice. : . There will be a pause of 30 seconds after each part to allow you to think about your an sw ers. . You can first write your answers on this test paper. You will have a few minutes at the endof the test to transfer your answers to the Answer Sheet. N 一 ，iJ 0 一 tl . ALL ANSWERS MUST APPEAR THE ANSW ER SHEET. Part 1:Questions 1一 10 are based on part. 10 points Listen to the conversation and fill in the blanks in the table below, which gives the details about the meaning of food mentioned in the conversation. Cultural background of people Food they like Food they dislike English speaking people Processed foods like pate， (1) or fish (2). Food recognisable as an animal，for example, cooked (3) and fish with the (4) left in. English speaking people Animals that are socially distant like (5)， cows or sheep. Animals that have names and are socially close like (6) and (7). Hawaiians Dogs that have not eaten (8). Dogs that are carnivorous. English speaking men who call themselves “ (9) men" (10 ) meat. Quiche 111
Part 2:Questions 11-20 are based on this part.20 points Spot dictation.You are going to listen to a recorded talk on job advice.As you listen,fill in the missing words. I graduated from college in 1998 and began the long and arduous -（110f looking for a "good"job.In my(12),a good job dd not mecesserity mea:::high (13)or good working conditions. As a recent (11),I had little know-how about finding the right kind of job.so I decided to set my own (15)about what the idea of "good"meant for ne.Mainly. I wanted to improve my Spanish.I had studied Spanish at university,so I hoped I could get a job where I could improve my Spanish whilst at the same time gaining (16)work experience.However. (17)I had graduated,I found that I was caught in a (18)situation.When I applied for a iob,I was frequently (19)because】 did noi have any work experience.But how was to (20)work experience if I coul n0181a1ob? Section:Reading Test 5vpuinis Instructions: There are three paris to the test,each including one reating passage. The test will take approximately 40 minutes. There will be NO extra time to transfer answers to the Answer Sheet;therefore,you should write ALL your answers on the Answer Sheet as you do each task. Part 1:Questions 21-30 are based on the following passage.20 points Passage 1 Emotional Labour Recently,a social scientist named Arlie Hochschild introduced a new term into the analysis of work.This term emotional labour was quickly taken up by other scholars in the field.By emotional labour Hochschild means work that is done to calm and control clients. Hochschild initially used this concept to describe the work of fiight attendants.In her 112
PartZ:Questionsll一 ZOarebased onthisPart. ZOP‘.illts SPotdictation.Youaregoingtolistentoarecordedtalkonjob妞dvice.Asyoulisten，fillinthe missingwords. 1拜raduatedfror，1〔‘011。、geinl998andbe只anll:el。:1硬。。、。1or、!飞。:，， ‘)落 1‘)()ki:、gfora“9。。)d”iot).1，Inly 戈12)，:、9。‘〕、lj()卜 1，{，，)，:- .卜老沈r狱y n译Cat ;、李刃{ 炭13，。r，、。()dwork乞ng、。:::liti。)n，， A、ar州·，1考 、1布。。Ih:，dllltlek，:。)w一1、‘)、v。，1、‘)1一，，{::IJ，19!}，(Ir，只壬It{、;，飞。:。f}，1， 二(。 {、一1o1。(it。。、。全r:ly、);vrl (15)a卜)outwhatt士、el(王、、; ，、(;〔1”rll〔、是lrl 誉川一”、。 入Ia lw。丁1寸、义ltoimprovcr，、yspanls王、.1llad、t:记iedspal飞ishalt红rllV创rSltV SO 1全:。L)edlc以」工。;从， 。j。、h、v卜。〕一elc〔，、lld，nlprove:nysparlishwhilsta、thesan飞etlnlegalrlln只 (16)w()r权 ex「。、·rie:，(·。.1一1()we丫℃] (17) 11adgradl]ated，Ifo、Indthat wasc月uglltin 。 (18):ituati。。n.Wlle;飞1:，「。r)liedfora;ob. w。:f，。q;leritly (19)bec:，、15、: (11、咬:飞)、乡、avoa丁。yw。:Ik‘、、事·。、:、e，1。、、.士3、，111‘)w、va，11() 乙，矛))、人。:k rl犷几c l{1 自1】福 ”ot只咬 污代 tion 二飞J〔)1)? }1:Roa〔11，19‘1毛、嗦 苏*1孟另”t、 }Instrt，eti‘，11‘ ‘士’1，erea:eth:eep:，rts飞()tlle龟est，eachi:飞〔}udlngo1:er、·a‘飞1:，{、1。、:sag份. 丁1飞etestwilltak(:appr()ximately4Omirlutes. : TherewillbeN0 extratinletotransferanswerstotheAnswerSheet;therefore，yollshould writeAll、yotlranswersontheAnswerShetasyoudoeachtask. ‘ Partl:Qucstions21 Passa只el 3Oarebased onthefollowingPassage. 20Points EmotionaILabour C C 卜 训 h “T 胜 礴 .L Recently，asocialscie:111otnarne(IArlier王ochschil(11;ltrodu(、edaTI奄。w ter:1飞into analysisofwork.，l、hist(、r:丁le，n《。ti〔，nallabourwas(飞tlicklylak。:1、lr)1)yotherscllolar、1n 13yenlotiorl扛lla卜)0[;rll。)cl飞5(·1飞11〔lrllearlsworkthatis(1()rl、·t〔)(、:llrr、;、:ld(、。)rltr‘ 〔、11。、nt味 工王och、。1:ildlrlltially，」:、、。]tllisconcop士t(、(le、(·rll〕。t卜1、·、、〕:1、。。于1;1;1{，t。，1飞‘·1飞(j:;1，、 11飞11卜、r
study of the work that flight attendants do,Hochschild found that they used facial and bodily gestures and attitudes that hid their own true feelings.This suppression of their own feelings meant that the flight attendants had to constantly monitor the way they presented their'selves'to the passengers.Consequently,the flight attendants in Hochschild's study paid a heavy price.They experienced high levels of stress.It was this kind of work that Hochschild called emotional labour. Hochschild argued that it is work that involves public contact that uses emotional labour.Other forms of public contact work include occupations in welfare,nursing. teaching,the hotel and tourist industries. In the field of education,Vezgoff researched the work of teachers in an intermediate school.She used Hochschild's concept and has shown that teachers have high levels of dissatisfaction and even severe illnesses because their employers expect them to work many extra hours to give emotional support to their students. There are two important aspects of this new analysis of work.First,employment in positions requiring public contact is the form of employment that is growing at the fastest rate in Western economies.Second,it is usually women who are employed in these positions.This means that the demands for emotional labour are growing and that it is usually women who provide that labour. Questions 21-30:Choose the best answer.Write on your answer sheet the letter (A.B or C) representing the chosen answer for each question. 21.Arlie Hochschild works as a A)social scientist B)teacher C)flight attendant trainer 22.The social scientist who first used the term emotional labour A)was once a flight attendant B)was once a nurse C)studied flight attendants'work 113
study of the work that flight attendants do, Iochschild found that they used facial and bodily gestures and attitudes that hid their own true feelings. "This suppression of their own feelings meant that the flight attendants had to constantly monitor the way they presented their‘selves’to the passengers. Consequently, the flight attendants in Iochschild’s study paid a heavy price. They experienced high levels of stress. It was this kind of work that Hochschild called emotional labour. Hochschild argued that it is work that involves public contact that- uses emotional labour. Other forms of public contact work include occupations in welfare，riursuig， teaching，the hotel and tourist industries. In the field of education，Vezgoff researched the work of teachers in an intermediate school. She used Hochschild’s concept and has shown that. tcarlu·rs have high level、 of dissatisfaction and even severe illnesses because their employers extic。、，thern rc work many extra hours t〔)give emotional support- to their students. There are two important aspects of this new analysis of work. First.。raployrn"_.rni in positions requiring public contact is the form of employment that is growing at;hr, aaStr、st rate in Western economies. Second，it is usually women who are employ(ad iii，1、Lt、。· positions. This means that the demands for emotional labour are growing and t{，it it;、 usually women who provide that labour. Questions 21一 30:Choose the best answer. Write on your answer sheet the letter (A, B or C) representing the chosen answer for each question. 21. Arlie Hochschild works as a A) social scientist B) teacher C) flight attendant trainer 22. The social scientist who first used the term emotional labour A) was once a flight attendant B) was once a nurse C) studied flight attendants’work 113
23.Emotional labour A)is work that demands extravagant displays of emotion B)is work designed to create calm and order amongst clients of an employing institution C)is work performed in the theatre 24.According to Hochschild flight attendants'work is stressful because A)there are too many passengers B)there has been an increase of international flights C)flight attendants must suppress their true feelings 25.According to this article Hochschild developed her theory A)because she was uncomfortable on international flights B)because she was a nurse C)because of her research work with flight attendants 26.Vezgoff found that teachers'employers A)are expecting teachers to increase their work loads B)are expecting students to be more polite C)are expecting students to work harder 27.According to the new analysis of work in recent years A)there has been a decline of positions involving emotional labour B)there has been a steady amount of work involving emotional labour C)there has been an increase in the demand for emotional labour 28.According to this article emotional labour A)is only found amongst flight attendants B)is closely associated with positions involving public contact with clients C)is found in all jobs that women do 29.Public contact jobs A)are increasing B)are usually done by women C)both a)and b) 114
‘Emotional labour 23 is work that demands extravagant displays of emotion IS work designed to work performed create calm and order amongst clients of an employing institution A) B) C) is in the theatre 24. According to Hochschild flight attendants’work is stressful because A) there are too many passengers B)there has been an increase of international flights C)flight attendants must suppress their true feelings 25. According to this article Hochschild developed her A) because was uncomfortable on international theory flights because w a s a n u r se because of her research work with flight attendants 、、.产 、， B C 26. Vezgoff found that teachers’employers_ . A) are expecting teachers to increase their work loads B) are expecting students to be more polite C) are expecting students to work harder 27. According to the new analysis of work in recent years_ . A)there has been a decline of positions involving emotional labour B)therehas been a steady amount of work involving emotional labour C)there has been an increase in the demand for emotional labour 28. According to this article emotional labour_ . A)is only found amongst flight attendants B)is closely associated with positions involving public contact with clients C)is found in all jobs that women do 29. Public contact jobs A) are increasing B) are usually done by women C) both a) and b) 114
30.Hochschild argues that emotional labour A)is easy for women B)is more often performed by women than by men C)is natural for women Part 2:Questions 31-35 are based on this part.10 points Passage 2 David is the Operations Manager of the Northeast China branch of a dye laboratory.The laboratory specialises in making dyes for plastics.The laboratory dyes the plastic for coloured bowls,cups,the caps on shampoo bottles,the handles on the inside of cars,the coloured cases of mobile telephones,and so many other things,that it is not possible to mention them all.As David says,basically anything made of coloured plastic can be processed through his laboratory. His working day starts before the official factory office starting time at 9 o'clock as he likes to organise his day before everyone else comes in to disturb him. First he switches on all the machines in the laboratory.Then he switches on his computer to check all the E-mails.Most of his E-mail comes from Europe.It takes him about half an hour to answer them. He spends some of the morning answering phone calls from customers.Usually in the morning he also checks the colour matching process with the colourist.She asks him to check the prices and supplies of pigments.He spends his morning between his office and the laboratory. The afternoon is spent partly with the Marketing manager and the sales team. Occasionally he has to make a report on the work of the sales team. At the end of the day David checks that all the machines have been turned off.Usually he is the last to leave the laboratory. Questions 31-35:Mark the following statements as T(true)or F(false)according to the information given in the text. 31.David works in a dye laboratory. 115
30. Hochschild argues that emotional labour_ . A) is easy for women B) is more often performed by women than by men C) is natural for women Part 2:Questions 31一 35 are based on this part. 10 points Passage 2 Davidis the Operations Manager of the Northeast China branch of a dye laboratory. The laboratory specialises in makingdyes for plastics. shampoo bottles The laboratory dyes the plastic for e O L n t 十 coloured bowls，cups，the caps on the handles on the inside ofc a rs L coloured cases of mention them all mobile telephones, and so many other thing As David says, basically anything made s ， of that it is notpossible coloured plastic can be processed through his laboratory. His working day starts before the official factory office starting time at 9 o’clock as he likes to organise his day before everyone else comes in to disturb him. First he switches on all the machines in the laboratory. Then lie switches on his computer to check all the E-mails. Most of his E-mail comes from Europe. It takes him about half an hour to answer them. He spends some of the morning answering phone calls from customers. Usually in the morning he also checks the colour matching process with the colourist. She asks him to check the prices and supplies of pigments. He spends his morning between his office and the laboratory. The afternoon is spent partly with the Marketing manager and the sales team. Occasionally he has to make a report on the work of the sales team. At the end of the day David checks that all the machines have been turned off. Usually he is the last to leave the laboratory. Questions 31一 35:Mark the following statements as T(true) or F(false) according to the information given in the text. 31.David works in a dye laboratory. 115
32.The laboratory specialises in the production of shampoo bottles. 33.He switches on both his computer and the laboratory machines. 34.The laboratory employs only men. 35.David is always the last to leave the factory. Part 3:Questions 36-40 are based on this part.20 points Passage 3 ALCOHOL:PROS AND CONS 1.FOR:When risk of death from heart attack is plotted on a graph against alcohol consumption,studies consistently show a U-shaped curve,which suggests that non-drinkers and heavy drinkers have higher rates of heart disease than light to moderate drinkers.The implication is that moderate drinking offers protection from heart disease. 2.For years.doctors believed that the death rate among teetotalers was artificially high because it included a substantial number of reformed drinkers,irreparably damaged by alcohol.However,more recent studies which separate life-long drinkers from abstainers have shown that abstainers are still at high risk. 3.Studies have shown that moderate drinkers have higher levels of high-density lipoproteins in their blood.This is the 'good'cholesterol that protects against heart disease. Alcohol also appears to reduce the 'bad'cholesterol.Alcohol in moderation,undoubtedly brings some benefits.It is important not to play down the danger of heavy drinking.Alcohol is related to a string of health problems including cirrhosis of the liver,cancer of the mouth, high blood pressure and haemorrhage stroke. 4.Some people believe that wine,in particular,has additional beneficial properties that set it apart from other alcoholic drinks.The French have significantly less heart disease than any other industrialised nation except Japan.For example,in Toulouse,France,the annual heart disease death rate per 100,000 men is 78-barely a fifth of the number in Glasgow, Scotland.French doctors believe that the low rate of heart disease is a result of the fact that 116
32. `'he laboratory specialise..; i..(ize production of shampoo bottles. 33. Ilk' switches on both his computer and the laboratory machines. a;. The laborty employs only rl-wit. 35. David is always the last to leave the factory. Part 3:Questions 36一 10 are based tin thus part. 20 points Passage 3 ALCOHOL:PROS AND CONS 1. Fox:When risk of death from heart attack is plotted on a graph against alcohol consumption，studies consistently show a t)一shaped curve，which suggests that non-drinkers and heavy drinkers have higher rates of heart disease than light to moderate drinkers. The implication is that moderate drinking offers protection from heart disease. 2. For years.doctors believed that the death rate among teetotalers was artificially high because it included:，substantial number of reformed drinkers，irreparably damaged by alcohol. However, more recent studies which separate life-long drinkers from abstainers hav<} shown that abstairiers:、:e still at high risk. 3. Studies hay。shown that moderate drinkers have higher levels of high-density lipoproteins in their blood. This is the‘good’cholesterol that protects against heart disease. Alcohol also appears to reduce the‘had’cholesterol. Alcohol in moderation，undoubtedly brings some benefits. It is important not to play down the danger of heavy drinking. Alcohol is related to a string of health problems including cirrhosis of the liver，cancer of the mouth, high blood pressure and haemorrhage stroke. 4. Some people believe that wine, in particular, has additional beneficial properties that set it apart from other alcoholic drinks. The French have significantly less heart disease than any other industrialised nation except Japan. For example, in Toulouse，France, the annual heart disease death rate per 100，000 men is 78一 barely a fifth of the number in Glasgow, Scotland. French doctors believe that the low rate of heart disease is a result of the fact that 116
the French consume large quantities of wine. 5.The relationship between alcohol consumption and the risk of developing cancer has also been studied.Population studies suggest that people who drink moderately are at less risk than those who do not drink at all.Again,wine may be largely responsible for the henefits. 6.O)ther research suggests that drinking moderate amounts of alcohol also reduces the risk of catching everyday infections like colds.A recent study showed that drinking iwo units of alcohol daily can halve susceptibility to infections. 7.AGAINST:Drinking HAS been linked to diminished size,minor physical abnormalities and lower intelligence test scores.Since it is not possible to say how much alcohol a pregnant woman can safely drink.the best advice is not to drink at all until after birth. 8.How alcohol causes cirrhosis of the liver is not known.It is thought that many years of heavy drinking may cause problems with the repair processes,so that healthy cells are replaced hy sear tissue.If the liver is unable to work,blood is forced to find alternative routes back to the heart and this leads to increased pressure in the blood vessels,making them liable to burst and cause a life-threatening haemorrhage. 9.For women,one of the greatest dangers is heavy drinking during pregnancy causing serious birth defects in the baby.In some studies,even moderate amounts of alcohol (two or three units a day)halve occurrences of blood clots by making blood platelets less 'sticky' and increasing levels of enzymes which dissolve them. 10.Another serious concern for women is that drinking even moderate amounts of alcohol appears to increase the risk of breast cancer.Researchers from Harvard Medical Schoo!in the USA compared women who developed breast cancer with women free from the disease and discovered increased risk among those who had as little as two drinks a day. 117
the French consume large quantities of wine, ha 俪 tl `>. The relationship between alcohol consumption and the risk of developing cancer also been studied. Population studies suggest that people who drink moderately are at risk than those who do not drink at all. Again，wine may be large1v responsible for 卜、。·r飞。、}‘〕才 6. Other research suggests that drinking moderate amounts of alcohol‘i二、，一{:;(、。·、the risk of catching everyday infections like cold;;. A recetrt study showed that drinking 、1utiat。 of alcohol daily can halve susceptibility t(八nfections. 7. AGAINST; Drinking HAS been linked to diminished size， minor physical abnormalities and lower intelligence test scores. Since it is not possible to say how much alcohol a pregnant woman can safely drink.the best advice is not to drink at all until after birth. 8. flow alcohol ctiuses cirrhosis of the liver is not known. It is thought:hat many :一:irs (一，f 1-i(: :vy drinking may cause problems with，he repair processes，so 111}11 healthy cells arc replaced by scar tissue. If the liver is unable to work，blood is forced:()find alternative routes back to the heart and this leads to increased pressure in the blood vessels，snaking them liable to burst and cause:，fife-threatening haernorrhage. 9. For women, one of the greatest dangers is heavy drinking during pregnancy causing serious birth defects in the baby. In some studies，even moderate amounts of alcohol (two or three units a (lay) halve occurrences of blood clots by making blood p1 t(ekets less‘sticky and increasing levels of。nzyrms which dissolve them. 10. Another serious concert) for women is that drinking even moderate amounts of alcohol appears to increase the risk of breast cancer. Researchers from Harvard Medical School in the USA compared women who developed breast cancer with women free from the di-.ea.se and discovered increase、」risk among those who had as little as two drinks:、clay. 117
Doctors advise that each woman needs to assess her own risks.It is sensible for a woman with a family history of breast cancer to limit her alcohol intake. 11.Cancer of the bowel is also related to drinking.A fifty-year-old man who drinks is 3%more likely to get cancer of the large bowel than a man who does not drink.Alcohol has positive effects on some aspects of health but a negative influence on others. Questions 36-40.Answer the questions by completing the missing information in the table. Conditions Pros Cons An increase in‘good' Heart and blood circulation With liver damage,the blood cholesterol that protects diseases (36). against heart disease. For women increased risk of Cancer Less overall risk of cancer. (37).For men increased risk of (37). Everyday infections and Drinking linked to minor minor physical (38). physical abnormalities. abnormalities Possibility of serious Pregnancy No stated benefits (39). The people who live in The Japanese have lower rates International studies Toulouse,France,have a of heart disease than the (40). French. 118
Doctors advise that each woman needs to assess her own risks. It: is sensible for a woman with a family history of breast cancer to limit her alcohol intake. 11. Cancer of the bowel is also related to drinking. A fifty-year-old man who drinks is 3% more likely to get cancer of the large bowel than a man who does not drink. Alcohol has positive effects on some aspects of health but a negative influence on others. Questions 36一 40. Answer the questions by completing the missing information in the table. Conditions Pros Cons Heart and blood circulation diseases An increase in ‘good， cholesterol that protects against heart disease. With liver damage，the blood (36). Cancer Less overall risk of cancer. For women increased risk of (37). For men increased risk of (37). Everyday infections and minor physical abnormalities (38). Drinking linked to minor physical abnormalities. Pregnancy No stated benefits Possibility of serious (39). International studies The people who live in Toulouse, France，have a (40). The Japanese have lower rates of heart disease than the French. 118
SectionⅢ：Writing Test 20 points Instructions: This test will take 30 minutes. ◆ Write your essay on the Answer Sheet. You may use the space below to write an outline or a draft. Your essay should be about 150 words. Write about your work.You may write about your profession,the nature of your work,the working environment,workload/responsibilities,rewards and challenges,even your feelings and attitudes towards your work.You may use "My Work"as the title of your essay,but you may also make a title of your own if it reflects better of what you choose to write on the topic. 119
Sectionm:Writing Test 20 points Instructions . This test will take 30 minutes. . Write your essay on the Answer Sheet. . You may use the space below to write an outline or:，draft. . Your essay should be about 150 words. Write about your work. You may write about your profession，the nature of your work，the working environment，workload/ responsibilities，rewards and challenges，even your feelings and attitudes towards your work.You may use "My Work" as the title of your essay，but you may also make a title of your ownif it reflects better of what you choose to write on the topic