试卷代号：1029 中央广播电视大学2008一2009学年度第二学期“开放本科”期末考试 变化中的英语 试题 2009年7月 注意、事项 一、将你的学号、姓名及分校（工作站）名称填写在答题纸的规定档 内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。试卷和答题纸均不得带 出考场。监考人收完考卷和答题纸后才可离开考场。 二、仔细读懂题目的说明，并按题目要求答题。答案一定要写在答 题纸的指定位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。 三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。 Information for the examinees: This examination consists of 3 parts.They are: Part I:Knowledge Test (40 points) Part II:Reading Test (40 points) PartⅢ：Writing Test(20 points) The total marks for this examination are 100 points.Time allowed for completing this examination is 90 minutes. There will be no extra time to transfer answers to the Answer Sheet;therefore,you should write ALL your answers on the Answer Sheet as you do each task. 233
试卷代号 :1029 中央广播电视大学2008-2009学年度第二学期“开放本科”期末考试 变化中的英语 试题 2009年 7月 之闷卜 口白已 .色匕. 丫口: I土 .己 畏归. 刁 之 一、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏 内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。试卷和答题纸均不得带 出考场。监考人收完考卷和答题纸后才可离开考场。 二、仔细读懂题 目的说明，并按题 目要求答题。答案一定要写在答 题纸的指定位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。 三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。 Information for the examinees: This examination consists of 3 parts. They are: Part j:Knowledge Test(40 points) Part }:Reading Test(40 points) Part }:Writing Test(20 points) The total marks for this examination are 100 points. Time allowed for completing this examination is 90 minutes. There will be no extra time to transfer answers to the Answer Sheet;therefore，you should write ALL your answers on the Answer Sheet as you do each task. 233
Part I Knowledge Test 40 points) Section 1 Choose the best answer according to what you have learned in this course.(20 points) 1.Standard English started in A.the east of England B.the south east of England C.the south of England D.the south west of England 2.A shared language,a common language,is technically called a A.Lingua Franca B.Makeshift language C.Pidgin D.Creole 3.“My Fair Lady”was an excellent film made from a play called“Pygmalion”,which was written by the famous Irish playwright, A.George Bernard Shaw B.Geoffrey Chaucer C.Shakespeare D.Oscar Wilde 4.Which of the following is not considered to be spoken with a Received Pronunciation? A.BBC English B.VOA English C.Jamaican English D.Oxford English 5.Among the main international languages invented or simplified, 一is the most famous and successful. A.Esperanto B.Interlingua C.Ido D.Basic English (Nuclear English) 6.Pidgin means a language,used only for purposes of trade.It is said to come from a pronunciation of the English word "business". A.Latin B.Greek C.American D.Chinese 7.According to Quirk,people learn English mainly for use. A.regional B.national C.international D.business 234
Part j Knowledge Test(40 points) Section 1 Choose the best answer according to what you have learned in this course. (20 points) l. Standard English started in_ . A. the east of England B. the south east of England C. the south of England D. the south west of England 2. A shared language, a common language, is technically called a_ . A. Lingua Franca. B. Makeshift language C. Pidgin D. Creole 3. "My Fair Lady" was an excellent film made from a play called "Pygmalion"，which was written by the famous Irish playwright,_ . A. George Bernard Shaw B. Geoffrey Chaucer C. Shakespeare D. Oscar Wilde 4. Which of the following is not considered to be spoken with a Received Pronunciation? A. BBC English B. VOA English C. Jamaican English D. Oxford English S. Among the main international languages invented or simplified，_ is the most famous and successful. A. Esperanto B. Interlingua .C. Ido D. Basic English (Nuclear English) 6. Pidgin means a language，used only for purposes of trade. It is said to come from a _ pronunciation of the English word "business". A. Latin B. Greek C. American D. Chinese 7. According to Quirk，people learn English mainly for_ use. A. regional C. international B. national D. business
8.When people talk about an individual's 'language repertoire'they mean A.the range of languages a person can speak B.the person can speak English and one other foreign language C.the person speaks their native language and English D.the person speaks a range of languages including English 9.After studying the course,you should have a clearer idea than before of where you stand in the worldwide community of users of English.You are in the of users. A.Inner Circle B.Outer Circle C.Expanding Circle D.None of the above 10.The shrinking of the world is A.caused by the wide use of English B.a fact as true as global warming C.equally accessible D.uneven in terms of regions and populations Section 2 True or False (20 points) Decide the following statements to be True (T)or False (F)according to what you have learned from the course. 11.There are,at present,about 5000 languages in use in the world. 12.Latin is a living language,and it lives in modern European languages. 13.Standard English changes more slowly than spoken English. 14.Any language used internationally tends to spread the culture of its country of origin. 15.Macanese is a Creole. 16.R.P.is the abbreviation in common use to stand for Right Pronunciation. 17.Black English is now a variety of English. 18.ELT is the short form for English Learning and Teaching. 19.Creole and New Englishes share no similarities,because Creoles are not well respected,while New Englishes are. 20.English is seen as a threat in countries where the national identity is needed 235
8. When people talk about an individual's‘language repertoire' they mean A. the range of languages a person can speak B. the person can speak English and one other foreign language C D .the person speaks their native language and English .the person speaks a range of languages including English 9. After studying the course, you should havea clearer idea than before of where you stand in the worldwide community of users of English. You are in the of users. A. Inner Circle B. Outer Circle C. Expanding Circle 10. The shrinking of the world is D. None of the above A. caused by the wide use of English B. a fact as true as global warming C. equally accessible D. uneven in terms of regions and populations Section 2 True or False (20 points) Decide the following statements to be True (T) or False (F) according to what you have learned from the course. 11. There are, at present，about 5000 languages in use in the world. 12. Latin is a living language，and it lives in modern European languages. 13. Standard English changes more slowly than spoken English. 14. Any language used internationally tends to spread the culture of its country of origin. 15. Macanese is a Creole. R. P. is the abbreviation in common use to stand for Right Pronunciation. Black English is now a variety of English. . 匆 户0 叮1 ， 土 1 1 18. ELT is the short form for English Learning and Teaching. 19. Creole and New Englishes share no similarities，because Creoles are not well respected, while New Englishes are. 20. English is seen as a threat in countries where the national identity is needed. 235
Part II Reading Test (40 points) Passage 1 (Questions 21-25) Read the following passage,and decide whether the statements are T(True)or F(False).Write your answers against the numbers on your Answer Sheet. Li Yan:So native speakers can't agree on how borrowed words should be pronounced? Steven:No,not always.Especially if the words are borrowed from French or German,and people have studied these languages.If words are borrowed from languages in remote parts of the world,nobody even tries to pronounce them in the way they are pronounced in their country of origin.And it just takes time before the rules of the English sound system are applied to recent borrowings from European languages.Then they are thoroughly anglicized. Li Yan:Anglicized? Steven:Yes-made English-given an English passport! Li Yan:Steven！ Steven:Yes,Li Yan! Li Yan:Steven,I want you to tell me something. Steven:I will if I know! Li Yan:Well,I was looking at an English language programme on the TV.Some people were going to the theatre.And one of them said they would meet in the-and I thought I heard the word foyay /folei/.Well,it's a new word to me.So I looked to see if it was in the notes on the programme.I couldn't find it.I looked in the dictionary.And I found foyer.But surely it isn't the same word?It couldn't possibly be pronounced like that? Steven:It is,you know,it's a French word.It just means that part of a theatre at the front, where the tickets are sold,and there is often a bar,sometimes a restaurant.And most people pronounce it as French in a way as they can-foyay. Li Yan:Most people-but not everyone? Steven:No.Some people think it's an English word by this time,and that is ought to be 236
Part且 Reading Test(40 points) Passage 1 (Questions 21-25) Read the following passage, and decide whether the statements are T (True) or F (False). Write your answers against the numbers on your Answer Sheet. Li Yan:So native speakers can't agree on how borrowed words should be pronounced? Steven:No，not always. Especially if the words are borrowed from French or German, and people have studied these languages. If words are borrowed from languages in remote parts of the world, nobody even tries to pronounce them in the way they are pronounced in their country of origin. And it just takes time before the rules of the English sound system are applied to recent borrowings from European languages. Then they are thoroughly anglicized. Li Yan:Anglicized? Steven:Yes一 made English一 given an English passport! Li Yan:Steven! Steven:Yes, Li Yan! Li Yan: Steven, I want you to tell me something. Steven: 1 will if I know! Li Yan: Well，I was looking at an English language programme on the TV. Some people were going to the theatre. And one of them said they would meet in the一 and I thought I heard the word foyay /foiei/. Well, it's a new word to me. So I looked to see if it was in the notes on the programme. I couldn't find it. I looked in the dictionary. And I found foyer. But surely it isn't the same word? It couldn't possibly be pronounced like that? Steven:It is, you know，it's a French word. It just means that part of a theatre at the front， where the tickets are sold, and there is often a bar, sometimes a restaurant. And most people pronounce it as French in a way as they can一 foyay. Li Yan: Most people一 but not everyone? Steven:No. Some people think it’s an English word by this time, and that is ought to be 236
pronounced like one!They say foyer /foIa/.My mother knew an elderly lady who was still saying the word hotel the French way!She said otel just as most people did when she was a girl!I've never heard anyone pronounce it like that.Some English people try to say restaurant in as French a way as they can,and others sound the "t" at the end. 21.All borrowed words in English are pronounced in the same way as their country of origin. 22.Some recent borrowings from European languages are thoroughly anglicized.The word“anglicized”means being made English. 23./forei/is the English way of pronouncing the word. 24.The French word "foyay"means part of a theatre. 25.The word "pronounce"is mentioned as an example of borrowed words from French. Passage 2 (Questions 26-30) Read the following passage,and answer the questions after the passage. Before the development of surnames,one personal name was generally sufficient as an identifier.Duplications,however,began to occur so often that additional differentiations became a necessity.Thus,in England,for example,a person living near or at a place where apple trees grew might be called John where-the-apples-grow,hence, John Appleby.Regional or habitation names,such as Wood or Woods,Moore,Church,or Hill, constitute the majority of English surnames. Surnames reflecting medieval life and occupations also form an enormous group,Smith being the foremost with its equivalents in Spanish (Ferrer),German (Schmidt),or Hungarian(Kovacs).Among other English last names denoting an occupation are Chapman (merchant or trader),Miller,and Baker. Descendant surnames,or names indicating.parentage,are often indicated by prefixes such as Mac-,Mc-in Scottish or Irish names or Ap-in Welsh names;or by suffixes such as -son in English names,-sen in Scandinavian names.Thus occur the names Johnson or Jensen,“son of John,”or Jakobsdottir,an Icelandic name meaning“daughter of Jacob..” 237
pronounced like one!They say foyer /foia/. My mother knew an elderly lady who was still saying the word hotel the French way!She said otel just as most people did when she was a girl!I’ve never heard anyone pronounce it like that. Some English people try to say restaurant in as French a way as they can，and others sound the "s" at the end. 21.All borrowed words in English are pronounced in the same way as their country of origin. 22. Some recent borrowings from European languages are thoroughly anglicized. The word "anglicized" means being made English. 23./fDIei/ is the English way of pronouncing the word. 24. The French word "foyay" means part of a theatre. 25.The word "pronounce" is mentioned as an example of borrowed words from French. Passage 2 (Questions 26-30) Read the following passage, and answer the questions after the passage. Before the development of surnames，one personal name was generally sufficient as an identifier. Duplications，however, began to occur so often that additional differentiations became a necessity. Thus，in England, for example, a person living near or at a place where apple trees grew might be called John where-the-apples-grow, hence, John Appleby. Regional or habitation names, such as Wood or Woods, Moore, Church, or Hill， constitute the majority of English surnames. Surnames reflecting medieval life and occupations also form an enormous group，Smith being the foremost with its equivalents in Spanish (Ferrer)，German(Schmidt)，or Hungarian (Kovacs). Among other English last names denoting an occupation are Chapman (merchant or trader)，Miller, and Baker. Descendant surnames，or names indicating. parentage, are often indicated by prefixes such as Mac-, Mc- in Scottish or Irish names or Ap- in Welsh names; or by suffixes such as -son in English names，一sen in Scandinavian names. Thus occur the names Johnson or Jensen, "son of John," or Jakobsdottir, an Icelandic name meaning "daughter of Jacob.” 237
In surnames can be detected a desire for immortality ()succeeding generations tend to venerate the family name as a symbol of permanence.The maternal grandfather's surname is often used as a child's first name,and women now often retain their maiden names after marriage,or hyphenate(用连字符连接)maiden and married names.. Compound names also occur in some countries where retaining both family names has long been the custom.Thus,in Spain,Juan the son of Manuel Chavez and Juanita Fernandez would be named Juan Chavez(y)Fernandez. The order of names differs from country to country.In Western Europe and the United States,the tendency is to use a threefold pattern of given name,middle name,and surname or family name.In Chinese names the first part is the surname,the second is the generation name,and the last is the given name.In Hungary,the same order holds,with surname first and given name or names following. 26.What is the most probable topic of the paragraph preceding this passage? A.Chinese names B.Given names C.Nicknames D.Welsh names 27.According to the passage,people developed surnames to. A.avoid repetition of their names B.add some necessary regional marks C.gain certain religious colors D.duplicate habitation names 28.Most of the English surnames are associated with A.people's professions B.family origins C.living places D.nationalities 29.According to the passage,a man called Ned MacDonnel most probably A.has non-English forefathers B.comes from a Welsh family C.lives in Scotland D.is an Irishman 30.From the passage we can see that surnames also reflect people's wish to A.enjoy a long life B.retain women's maiden names C.use grandfather's surname D.bear in mind their family origin 238
In surnames can be detected a desire for immortality(永恒);succeeding generations tend to venerate the family name as a symbol of permanence. The maternal grandfather’s surname is often used as a child' s first name, and women now often retain their maiden names after marriage, or hyphenate(用连字符连接)maiden and married names. Compound names also occur in some countries where retaining both family names has long been the custom. Thus, in Spain, Juan the son of Manuel Chdvez and Juanita Ferndndez would be named Juan Chdvez (y) Ferndndez. The order of names differs from country to country. In Western Europe and the United States，the tendency is to use a threefold pattern o# given name, middle name, and surname or family name. In Chinese names the first part is the surname, the second is the generation name，and the last is the given name. In Hungary, the same order holds, with surname first and given name or names following. 26. What is the most probable topic of the paragraph preceding this passage? A. Chinese names B. Given names C. Nicknames D. Welsh names 27.According to the passage, people developed surnames to_ · A. avoid repetition of their names B. add some necessary regional marks C. gain certain religious colors D. duplicate habitation names 28. Most of the English surnames are associated with_ · A, people's professions B. family origins C. living places D. nationalities 29.According to the passage, a man called Ned MacDonnel most probably_ ， A. has non-English forefathers C. lives in Scotland B. comes from a Welsh family D. is an Irishman 30. From the passage we can see that surnames also reflect people's wish to A. enjoy a long life C. use grandfather's surname B. retain women's maiden names D. bear in mind their family origin 238
Passage 3 (Questions 31-35) Read the following passage,and answer the questions after the passage. The American victory in the Revolutionary War united 13 of the English-speaking settlements into the largest and most powerful political unit in the territory,even though those first 13 states hugging the eastern coast seem small compared with the country's eventual size.As a result of the Revolution,approximately 71,500 people out of a population of some 2.5 million fled the new United States.Some were Loyalists-political or economic refugees whose loyalties to Great Britain remained strong;others were blacks seeking refuge from slavery.Immigration and the commercial slave trade after the war quickly restored the population to its former level.The Revolution also opened up the area west of the Appalachian Mountains to settlement,as fur traders and farmers were no longer confined by British settlement restrictions.Pioneering citizens,immigrants,and slaves moved west, displacing Native Americans who had hoped to preserve their cultures undisturbed by the expanding United States. The 17th and 18th centuries saw a growing importation of Africans into North America.After 1808 U.S.law forbade the importation of slaves from abroad,although some smuggling of slaves continued.Few people from Africa chose to come to the United States voluntarily the free African population was small)because they were considered second-class citizens,and confined largely to the northern states.Large numbers of Europeans migrated to the United States in the early national period,drawn by the promise of freedom,cheap land in the West,and jobs in the first factories of the emerging industrial age.The influx of Europeans,the end of the slave trade,and the ongoing wars removing Native Americans meant that some of the racial diversity of the population was diminishing.By the early decades of the 19th century,a greater proportion of Americans were of western European and Protestant heritage than at the time of the Revolution. Over the course of the 19th century,the United States gradually absorbed the French colonists in the upper Midwest and in New Orleans,Louisiana;the Spanish and Russian 239
Passage 3 (Questions 31一35) Read the following passage, and answer the questions after the passage. The American victory in the Revolutionary War united 13 of the English-speaking settlements into the largest and most powerful political unit in the territory，even though those first 13 states hugging the eastern coast seem small compared with the country’s eventual size. As a result of the Revolution, approximately 71，500 people out of a population of some 2.5 million fled the new United States. Some were Loyalists-political or economic refugees whose loyalties to Great Britain remained strong; others were blacks seeking refuge from slavery. Immigration and the commercial slave trade after the war quickly restored the population to its former level. The Revolution also opened up the area west of the Appalachian Mountains to settlement, as fur traders and farmers were no longer confined by British settlement restrictions. Pioneering citizens, immigrants，and slaves moved west， displacing Native Americans who had hoped to preserve their cultures undisturbed by the expanding United States. The 17th and 18th centuries saw a growing importation of Africans into North America. After 1808 U. S. law forbade the importation of slaves from abroad, although some smuggling of slaves continued. Few people from Africa chose to come to the United States voluntarily (the free African population was small) because they were considered second-class citizens， and confined largely to the northern states. Large numbers of Europeans migrated to the United States in the early national period, drawn by the promise of freedom，cheap land in the West，and jobs in the first factories of the emerging industrial age. The influx of Europeans, the end of the slave trade, and the ongoing wars removing Native Americans meant that some of the racial diversity of the population was diminishing. By the early decades of the 19th century，a greater proportion of Americans were of western European and Protestant heritage than at the time of the Revolution. Over the course of the 19th century，the United States gradually absorbed the French colonists in the upper Midwest and in New Orleans, Louisiana; the Spanish and Russian 239
colonists in the South,West,and Northwest;and the territories of the Hawaiian people and other indigenous groups.Sometimes these territories were added by diplomacy,sometimes by brute force.European visitors were surprised at the diversity in nationalities and in religious and secular beliefs in early America,as well as the number of intermarriages between people of differing European heritages.There were also cross-racial births, sometimes voluntary and sometimes by force,but rarely within legal marriages.The population continued to grow through migration as well,driven in part by English,Irish, and German settlers who came in large numbers around 1848 to escape political repression and food shortages in Europe. 31.The American independence made all of.the following leave the new country EXCEPT A.those who were hostile to the old colonialists B.pro-British colonialists loyal to the old political system C.those attempting to free themselves from slavery D.those who fled on account of economic problems caused by birth of the new nation 32.It can be inferred from the passage that A.slavery was soon abolished after the victory of the American Revolution B.people didn't enjoy freedom of settlement in the West before the Revolutionary War C.native Americans moved abroad in large numbers during the War D.the western expansion destroyed the environmental conditions in those areas 33.Which of the following stopped the influx of Africans into the United States in the first decade of the 19th century? A.Large numbers of European immigrants. B.Africans didn't want to come the United States. C.Legislation by the government. D.Second-class citizens. 240
colonists in the South，West，and Northwest;and the territories of the Hawaiian people and other indigenous groups. Sometimes these territories were added by diplomacy，sometimes by brute force. European visitors were surprised at the diversity in nationalities and in religious and secular beliefs in early America, as well as the number of intermarriages between people of differing European heritages. There were also cross-racial births， sometimes voluntary and sometimes by force, but rarely within legal marriages. The population continued to grow through migration as well，driven in part by English，Irish， and German settlers who came in large numbers around 1848 to escape political repression and food shortages in Europe. 31.The American independence made all of, the following leave the new country EXCEPT A. those who were hostile to the old colonialists B. pro-British colonialists loyal to the old political system C. those attempting to free themselves from slavery D. those who fled on account of economic problems caused by birth of the new nation 32. It can be inferred from the passage that A. slavery was soon abolished after the victory of the American Revolution B. people didn't enjoy freedom of settlement in the West before the Revolutionary W ar C. native Americans moved abroad in large numbers during the War D. the western expansion destroyed the environmental conditions in those areas 33. Which of the following stopped the influx of Africans into the United States in the first decade of the 19" century? A. Large numbers of European immigrants. B. Africans didn't want to come the United States. C. Legislation by the government. D. Second-class citizens. 240
34.By the United States succeeded in obtaining vast land from other colonies during the 19th century. A.military action and re-settlement B.negotiations and re-settlement C.military action and negotiations D.negotiations and industrialization 35.Implied,but not directly stated,is the fact that in early America. A.there appeared to be many diverse nationalities B.numerous different religions existed C.marriages between European descendants were commonplace D.marriages between different races were not encouraged or accepted Passage 4 (Questions 36-40) Read the following passage,and decide whether the statements are T (True)or F (False). Write your answers against the numbers on your Answer Sheet. English has never been the only language in use over the British Isles,and it certainly is not now!Welsh is still used in Wales.Some Welsh people still speak it as their mother tongue,and it is widely taught in Welsh schools.Some people in Scotland and in Ireland still use a language that is related to Welsh.It is called Gaelic.These languages have a long history in these islands-longer than the history of English.In addition,people from overseas have settled in England quite recently during this century.In some industrial cities, though not generally in Britain,you find groups of people who speak Polish,and other groups speaking the languages of the Indian subcontinent.A survey of North London schools in the early 1980's found that nearly a third of the children spoke a language other than English at home. The majority of the 55 million people living in England use English all the time.Standard English,that is,written English,is in use throughout Britain.Spoken English,however,sounds very different in different parts of the country.There is a story,a play,by the famous writer George Bernard Shaw,about a professor of English Language 241
34. By ，the United States succeeded in obtaining vast land from other colonies during the 19" century. A. military action and re-settlement B. negotiations and re-settlement C. military action and negotiations D. negotiations and industrialization 35. Implied, but not directly stated, is the fact that_ in early America. A. there appeared to be many diverse nationalities B. numerous different religions existed C. marriages between European descendants were commonplace D. marriages between different races were not encouraged or accepted Passage 4 (Questions 36一40) Read the following passage, and decide whether the statements are T (True) or F (False). Write your answers against the numbers on your Answer Sheet. English has never been the only language in use over the British Isles, and it certainly is not now!Welsh is still used in Wales. Some Welsh people still speak it as their mother tongue，and it is widely taught in Welsh schools. Some people in Scotland and in Ireland still use a language that is related to Welsh. It is called Gaelic. These languages have a long history in these islands一 longer than the history of English. In addition, people from overseas have settled in England quite recently during this century. In some industrial cities， though not generally in Britain, you find groups of people who speak Polish, and other groups speaking the languages of the Indian subcontinent. A survey of North London schools in the early 1980’s found that nearly a third of the children spoke a language other than English at home. The majority of the 55 million people living in England use English all the time. Standard English, that is，written English, is in use throughout Britain. Spoken English，however, sounds very different in different parts of the country. There is a story, a play, by the famous writer George Bernard Shaw, about a professor of English Language 241
who can tell you someone's address when he hears that person speak!That is exaggeration of course.Not even a Professor,who has studied the sounds of English al his life,can really do that.However,it is true hat most people who have lived for a long time in Britain can tell a number of things about the people as soon as they speak!Usually we cannot tell the speaker's address,but we can guess the part of the country where the person comes from.We can tell how well educated he or she is too!If an international user of English,like anyone of you here,happens to meet speakers from,say,the North or the West of England, you may find them hard to understand.Unless you understand what is going on your confidence in your ability to use the language may be badly shaken 36.Gaelic is related to Welsh. 37.Welsh is not taught in schools anymore. 38.One third of the 55 million people in England speak other languages besides English at home. 39.Written English is in use throughout Britain but spoken English sounds different in different parts of the country. 40.Most people who have lived for a long time in Britain can tell how well educated a person is by the way he/she speaks. Part I Writing Test (20 points) Write short notes according to what you have learned in the course.(10 points for each one) 41.Name three countries where New Englishes have emerged;Give a major reason why this language form has occurred. 42.Name five approaches to ELT methodology. 242
who can tell you someone's address when he hears that person speak!That is exaggeration course. Not even a Professor, who has studied the sounds of English al his life，can really that. However，it is true f 1 o 0 .d a number of things about hat most people who have lived for a long time in Britain can tell the people as soon as they speak!Usually we cannot tell the speaker’s address，but we can guess the part of the country where the person comes from. We can tell how well educated he or she is too!If an international user of English，like anyone of you here, happens to meet speakers from，say, the North or the West of England， you may find them hard to understand. Unless you understand what is going on your confidence in your ability to use the language may be badly shaken. 36. Gaelic is related to W elsh. 37. Welsh is not taught in schools anymore. 38. One third of the 55 million people in England speak other languages besides English at home. 39. Written English is in use throughout Britain but spoken English sounds different in different parts of the country. 40. Most people who have lived for a long time in Britain can tell how well educated a person is by the way he/she speaks. Partm Writing Test (20 points) Write short notes according to what you have learned in the course. (10 points for each one) 41. Name three countries whereNew Englishes have emerged; Give a major reason why this language form has occurred. 42. Name five approaches to ELT methodology. 242