1.习题练习及参考译文(英译汉) 2014-06-0820:24 第一章练习 ExerciseOne A. Fill inthe following blanks with what you have learned in the first chapt 1. Yan Fu's 3-word translationcriteria are 2. Translation in China has a long history of some ears 3. The two words used as thecommon criteria of translation in China today are 4. The criterion of translationput forward by Lu Xun (ail)is by Mr. Qian Zhongshu y the by Fu Lei (The criterion of translationput forward by Lu Xun (il)is rather being faithful in thought thansmooth in language by Fu Lei is achieve the t' of the original orexpression resemblance: by Mr. Qian Zhongshu is transfiguration or conversion; by the monk Dao An is preaching according to the original without any deductionor addition B. Answerthe following questions. 1. What is meant bytranslation? 2. What was Karl Marx fond ofsaying about the importance of a foreign language? 3. What are the prerequisitesfor a qualified translator? 4. What do you think should bethe criteria of translation? C. Translate the following English into Chinese 1. source language andtarget language 2. Alexander Fraser Tytler 3. A History of politics 4. On Liberty 5. An Inquiry into the Natureand Cause of the Wealth of Nations(by A. Smith) 6. Evolution and Ethics andother essays(by T. H. Huxley) D. Translate the passage "Life in the violin Case (on P. 153) into Chinese" E. Translate the passage "Pride and Prejudice (on P. 205)into Chinese 第二章练习 ExerciseTwo 1. Improve thefollowing translation
1.习题练习及参考译文（英译汉） 2014-06-08 20:24 第一章练习 ExerciseOne A. Fill inthe following blanks with what you have learned in the first chapter. 1. Yan Fu’s 3-word translationcriteria are_______, _______, and_________. 2. Translation in China has a long history of some_______years. 3. The two words used as thecommon criteria of translation in China today are _______, and_________. 4. The criterion of translationput forward by Lu Xun (鲁迅)is______________; by Mr. Qian Zhongshu is______________________; by the monk Dao An is _________________________________; by Fu Lei is________________ ___________. (The criterion of translationput forward by Lu Xun (鲁迅)is rather being faithful in thought thansmooth in language; by Fu Lei is achieve the ‘spirit’ of the original orexpression resemblance; by Mr. Qian Zhongshu is transfiguration or conversion;by the monk Dao An is preaching according to the original without any deductionor addition.) B. Answerthe following questions. 1. What is meant bytranslation? 2. What was Karl Marx fond ofsaying about the importance of a foreign language? 3. What are the prerequisitesfor a qualified translator? 4. What do you think should bethe criteria of translation? C.Translate the following English into Chinese 1. source language andtarget language 2. Alexander Fraser Tytler 3. A History of Politics 4. On Liberty 5. An Inquiry into the Natureand Cause of the Wealth of Nations (by A. Smith) 6. Evolution and Ethics andOther Essays (by T. H. Huxley) D.Translate the passage “Life in the violin Case (on P.153) into Chinese” E.Translate the passage “Pride and Prejudice (on P.205) into Chinese” 第二章练习 ExerciseTwo 1. Improve thefollowing translations
(1)Mr. Collins had compliment, and an allusion to throw in here, which were kindly smiled on bythe mother and daughter. ( Austen: Pride and Pre judice, Ch. 14, V. Il) 说到这里,柯林斯先生赶忙恭维了一句,又举了一个例子,母女俩听了都粲然一笑。 (2)"And you are my uncle, then "she cried, reaching up to salute him. (E. Bronte: Wuthering Heights, Ch. 7, 这么说你是我的姑父啦,”她嚷道,走到他跟前,行了个礼。 (3).the fate of men is as grimand bleak as the fate of women. Toilers and warriors. (S.R. Sanders Women andMen”) 男人的命运和女人一样凄怆悲凉。做苦工,当战士。 (4)I was in the middlebefore I knew that I had begun. ( Austen: Pride and Pre judice, Ch. 18, V III) 等我发现我自己开始爱上你的时候,我已经走了一半路了 2. Translate the passage Three Peach Stones (on P. 154) into Chinese. 3. Translate the passage Wuthering Heights(on P. 210) into Chinese 第三章练习 ExerciseThree 1. Translate the passage When the Moon Follows Me (on P. 156) into Chinese. 2. Translate the passage Tess of the d'Urbervilles (on P. 213)into Chinese. 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese 1. Vatican-the smallest Country ot a criterion in our definition of what constitutes a country. Acountry need only be an ndependent state, with distinct territorialboundaries, and its own government. This is a true blessing for Vatican City, as, weighing in at a mere 0. 17 square miles, it holds the title of being thesmallest country in the world. Prior to 1870, however, political control by papal governments in central italy spanned approximately 16, 000 square miles. In 1870, the Kingdom of Italy, in a shift of political power established Rome as the national capital of Italy, wrested political power from the papal governments, and absorbed the so-called Papal States into its territory. A1929 Agreement hammered out by the Italian government and the pope, established Vatican City as a country.. all 0. 17 square miles of it! gradually thecountry has gained recognition as such, by establishing diplomatic ties withother countries, and by receiving dignitaries from other nations. Vatican City is the official seat of the Catholic Church, and its head, the Pope, rulesthrough a civil governor. As with any other country, this miniature countrysports its own flag, coins its own oins, runs its own postal, transportation, telephone systems, and radio broadcasting station. Vatican City is all grownup
(1) Mr. Collins had acompliment, and an allusion to throw in here, which were kindly smiled on bythe mother and daughter. (J. Austen: Pride and Prejudice, Ch. 14, V. II) 说到这里，柯林斯先生赶忙恭维了一句，又举了一个例子，母女俩听了都粲然一笑。 (2)“And you are my uncle, then!”she cried, reaching up to salute him.(E. Bronte: Wuthering Heights, Ch.7, V. II) “这么说你是我的姑父啦，”她嚷道，走到他跟前，行了个礼。 (3) …the fate of men is as grimand bleak as the fate of women. Toilers and warriors. (S.R. Sanders: “Women andMen”) 男人的命运和女人一样凄怆悲凉。做苦工，当战士。 (4) I was in the middlebefore I knew that I had begun. (J. Austen: Pride and Prejudice, Ch. 18, V. III) 等我发现我自己开始爱上你的时候，我已经走了一半路了。 2. Translate the passageThree Peach Stones (on P.154) into Chinese. 3. Translate the passage Wuthering Heights (on P.210) into Chinese. 第三章练习 ExerciseThree 1. Translate the passageWhen the Moon Follows Me (on P.156) into Chinese. 2. Translate the passageTess of the d’Urbervilles (on P.213) into Chinese. 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese 1.Vatican—the Smallest Country Size is not a criterion in our definition of what constitutes a country. Acountry need only be an independent state, with distinct territorialboundaries, and its own government. This is a true blessing for Vatican City,as, weighing in at a mere 0.17 square miles, it holds the title of being thesmallest country in the world. Prior to 1870, however, political control by papal governments in central Italy spanned approximately 16,000 square miles. In 1870, the Kingdom of Italy, in a shift of political power, established Rome as the national capital of Italy, wrested political power from the papal governments, and absorbed the so-called "Papal States" into its territory. A1929 Agreement hammered out by the Italian government and the Pope, established Vatican City as a country...all 0.17 square miles of it! Gradually thecountry has gained recognition as such, by establishing diplomatic ties withother countries, and by receiving dignitaries from other nations. Vatican City is the official seat of the Catholic Church, and its head, the Pope, rulesthrough a civil governor. As with any other country, this miniature countrysports its own flag, coins its own coins, runs its own postal, transportation,telephone systems, and radio broadcasting station. Vatican City is all grownup
This pint-size powerhouse of a country primarily supports itself throughcontributions from Catholics around the world, and through tourism. Safelyensconced within Vatican City lie some of the worlds most precious oftreasures: the Gardens, St. Peters Basilica, and the Vatican Palace, whichhouses the Vatican Library, and... the Pope himself 第四章练习 xercisefour 1. Translate the passage Funeral Sermon for Mammy Caroline Barr (on P. 158) into Chinese 2. Translate the passage Harrow(on P. 217)into Chinese 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese Malls in the uSa Malls are popular places for Americans to go. Some people spend so much time atmalls that they are called mall rats. Mall rats shop until theydrop in the hundreds of stores under one roof. People like malls for many reasons. They feel safe because malls have policestations of private security guards. Parking is usually free, and the weatherinside is always fine. The newest malls have beautiful rest areas withwaterfalls and large green trees. The largest mall in the United States is the Mall of America in Minnesota. It covers 4.2 million square feet. It has 350 stores, eight night clubs, and aseven-acre park There are parking spaces for 12, 750 cars. About 750, 000 peopleshop there every week. The first indoor mall in the United States was built in 1965 in Edina, Minnesota. People love doing all their shopping in one place. More malls were builtaround the country. Now, malls are like town centers where people come to domany things, they shop of course, they also eat in food courts that have foodfrom all over the world. They see movies at theatres. Some people even get their daily exercise by doing the new sport of" mall walking Othersgo to malls to meet friend In some malls, people can see a doctor or a dentist and even at tend church. Inother words, people can do just about everything in malls. Now residents canactually live in their favorite shopping center 第五章练习 Exercisefive 1. Translate the passage notes of a Native Son (on P. 159)into Chinese. 2. Translate the passage The Unhappy American Way (on P 221) into Chinese. 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese Venice At first glance, it all seems an alchemists illusion. Takell8 flat little islands, stitch them together with nearly 400humpbacked bridges, crisscross the landscape with 28 miles ofserpentine canals. Cram this improbable space with 120 Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque churches, as many belltowers 64 convents and monasteries, patchwork of flag-s toned piazzas. Line the canals with more than 400pearl pa laces Add pigeons and cats, lots of them. But Venice is, above all, a metropolis of waterways, a city whose Main Stre 200-foot wide Grand Canal, whose people either walk or float, but never drive et is the extravagant
This pint-size powerhouse of a country primarily supports itself throughcontributions from Catholics around the world, and through tourism. Safelyensconced within Vatican City lie some of the worlds' most precious oftreasures; the Gardens, St. Peter's Basilica, and the Vatican Palace, whichhouses the Vatican Library, and... the Pope himself. 第四章练习 ExerciseFour 1. Translate the passageFuneral Sermon for Mammy Caroline Barr (on P.158) into Chinese. 2. Translate the passage Harrow(on P.217) into Chinese. 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese Malls in the USA Malls are popular places for Americans to go. Some people spend so much time atmalls that they are called "mall rats." Mall rats shop until theydrop in the hundreds of stores under one roof. People like malls for many reasons. They feel safe because malls have policestations of private security guards. Parking is usually free, and the weatherinside is always fine. The newest malls have beautiful rest areas withwaterfalls and large green trees. The largest mall in the United States is the Mall of America in Minnesota. It covers 4.2 million square feet. It has 350 stores, eight night clubs, and aseven-acre park! There are parking spaces for 12,750 cars. About 750,000 peopleshop there every week. The first indoor mall in the United States was built in 1965 in Edina, Minnesota. People love doing all their shopping in one place. More malls were builtaround the country. Now, malls are like town centers where people come to domany things, they shop, of course, they also eat in food courts that have foodfrom all over the world. They see movies at theatres. Some people even gettheir daily exercise by doing the new sport of "mall walking." Othersgo to malls to meet friends. In some malls, people can see a doctor or a dentist and even attend church. Inother words, people can do just about everything in malls. Now residents canactually live in their favorite shopping center. 第五章练习 ExerciseFive 1. Translate the passageNotes of a Native Son (on P.159) into Chinese. 2. Translate the passage The Unhappy American Way (on P.221) into Chinese. 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese Venice At first glance，it all seems an alchemist's illusion. Takel18 flat little islands，stitch them together with nearly 400humpbacked bridges，crisscross the landscape with 28 miles ofserpentine canals. Cram this improbable space with 120 Gothic，Renaissance and Baroque churches，as many belltowers 64 convents and monasteries, apatchwork of flag-stoned piazzas. Line the canals with more than 400pearly palaces. Add pigeons and cats, lots of them. But Venice is, above all，a metropolis of waterways，a city whose Main Street is the extravagant， 200-foot wide Grand Canal，whose people either walk or float, but never drive
i glimpse a sleek, shiny gondola, regal asa black swan, skimming expertly between high, dark walls Behindwrought-iron gates, a small, cobble-stoned courtyard, polished with age, almostsuffocates in its lush jungle of ferns and foliage. The smell of ro coffee wafts from a tiny cafe. I hear the distant call of the gondoliers: Gondola! Gondola! Andas I watch head-scarfed housewives fastidiously picking produce from a bobbingfruit-and-vegetable boat, a laundry barge chugs imperiously past withstacks of freshly ironed hotel linen hese are the simple things 第六章练习 Exercise Six 1. Translate the passageAlbert's True Love (on P. 161)into Chinese 2. Translate the passageInto Mississippi (on P 224)into Chinese 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese The Perfect Exercise Weight and fitness. Obesity is associated with disability and premature deathfrom a variety of diseases, especially hypertension, heart disease andrespiratory disorders. Alone, extra kilos do notnecessarily constitute a serious health hazard. But when accompanied bydiabetes, high blood pressure, smoking or an inactive lifestyle, weight reduction is a must. the best way to changeyour figure permanently is to adopt sensible eating and exercise habits. Asuccessful plan might Combine a healthful modification of the“in” calorieswith a walking programme to increase“out” calories 第七章练习 ven 1. Translate the passage TheQueen's Heart (on P. 163)into Chinese 2. Translate the passage TheEnd of My Childhood (on P. 227)into Chinese 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese Get Involved The moral imperative to"got involved is applicable in the tiniest and thelargest of our daily considerations, in everything from helping a neighbour all the way to caring about the state of the world. In little daily deeds that addimpressively, each of us can contribute to the world welive in and to our own life, Every little act of genuine involvement, in fact, encourages the growth of the identity beyond the Me to the We, intertwining us with other selves until the thread ofeach life is no longer a single strand but a part of the fabric of humankind. A friend was on a bus when a gang of noisy youths starting taunting anelderly woman who had asked them to stop shoving. " Everyone else in the bus looked out the windows, or straight ahead, as though they couldnt hear thekids saying cheeky things about her,he told me , So did l, at first. Then all at once I thought, How dare I keep out of this? This is part of the world live in. So I turned and snapped out at them, Haven tit you young peopleany parents? How would you like someone to treat your own mothers the wayyou re treating this lady To my astonishment, they looked sheepish and fell quiet. 第八章练习 ExerciseEight
I glimpse a sleek，shiny gondola，regal asa black swan，skimming expertly between high，dark walls， Behindwrought-iron gates, a small，cobble-stoned courtyard，polished with age，almostsuffocates in its lush jungle of ferns and foliage. The smell of roastingcoffee wafts from a tiny cafe. I hear the distant call of the gondoliers："Gondola！Gondola! Andas I watch head-scarfed housewives fastidiously picking produce from a bobbingfruit-and-vegetable boat，a laundry barge chugs imperiously past withstacks of freshly ironed hotel linen. These are the simple things. 第六章练习 Exercise Six 1. Translate the passageAlbert’s True Love (on P.161) into Chinese. 2. Translate the passageInto Mississippi (on P.224) into Chinese. 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese The Perfect Exercise Weight and fitness. Obesity is associated with disability and premature deathfrom a variety of diseases, especially hypertension, heart disease andrespiratory disorders. Alone，extra kilos do notnecessarily constitute a serious health hazard. But when accompanied bydiabetes, high blood pressure, smoking or an inactive lifestyle，weight reduction is a must. The best way to changeyour figure permanently is to adopt sensible eating and exercise habits. Asuccessful plan might Combine a healthful modification of the “in” calorieswith a walking programme to increase “out” calories. 第七章练习 ExerciseSeven 1. Translate the passage TheQueen’s Heart (on P.163) into Chinese. 2. Translate the passage TheEnd of My Childhood (on P.227) into Chinese. 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese Get Involved The moral imperative to“got involved" is applicable in the tiniest and thelargest of our daily considerations, in everything from helping a neighbour allthe way to caring about the state of the world. In little daily deeds that addimpressively，each of us can contribute to the world welive in and to our own life, Every little act of genuine involvement, in fact,encourages the growth of the identity beyond the Me to the We，intertwining us with other selves until the thread ofeach life is no longer a single strand but a part of the fabric of humankind.， A friend was on a bus when a gang of noisy youths starting taunting anelderly woman who had asked them to stop shoving. “Everyone else in the buslooked out the windows, or straight ahead, as though they couldn't hear thekids saying cheeky things about her，”he told me，"So did I,at first. Then all at once I thought，How dare I keep out of this? This is part of the worldI live in. So I turned and snapped out at them, ‘Haven’ tit you young peopleany parents? How would you like someone to treat your own mothers the wayyou’re treating this lady?’ To my astonishment，theylooked sheepish and fell quiet.” 第八章练习 ExerciseEight
1. Translate the passage The Song of the River (on P. 165)into Chinese. 2. Translate the passage TheNew Immorality (on P 231)into Chinese 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese Coping with Crisis As a youngster I was effervescent, outgoing, and i talked too much. I had atalent for saying the wrong thing at the wrong time. I tortured myself becauseof the foolish things I had said. Then a highschool English teacher taught me, with a single dramatic act, the futility of rehashing the past. A the studentsfled into her classroom, we noticed on her desk a quart bottle ofmilk standing in a heavy stone Crock This morning, she announced m going to teach you a lesson that hasnothing to do with English, but a lot to do withlife. She picked up the bottle of milk, crashed itagainst the inside of the stone crock, and itsplintered into small pieces. "The lesson is, she said, "don t cry overspilled milk.” She invited us to look at the wreckage "Would any of you at tempt to restorethe bottle to its original form? Does it do any good to. wish the bottle hadnot been broken Does it help to tell yourself how good themilk might have tasted if this hadn t happened? Remember this broken bottle ofmilk when something happens in your life that nothing can undo. 第九章练习 Exercisenine 1. Translate the passageAmerican Space, Chinese Place (on P. 166 into Chinese. 2. Translate the passage TheDifference between a Brain and P 166 into Chinese. 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese Equality Do you think i can stay to become nothing to you Do youthink I am an automaton? -a machine without feelings? and can bear to have my morsel of bread snatched frommy lips, and my drop of living water dashed from mycup? Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soullessand heartless? You think wrong I have as much soulas you, -and full as much heart! And if God had gifted me with some beauty and muchwealth, I should have made it as hard for you toleave me, as it is now for me to leave you. I am not talking to you now through the medium of custom, conventionalities, nor even of mortal flesh: -it ismy spirit that addresses your spirit: just as if bothhad passed through the grave and we stood at God feet, equal, -as we are! (Charlotte Bronte: Jane Eyre) 第十章练习 ExerciseTen 1. Translate the passage TheAncient and the Modern (on P 168)into Chinese 2. Translate the passage Women and Men (on P. 239) into Chinese. 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese How to grow old
1. Translate the passage TheSong of the River (on P.165) into Chinese. 2. Translate the passage TheNew Immorality (on P.231) into Chinese. 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese Coping with Crisis As a youngster I was effervescent, outgoing, and I talked too much. I had atalent for saying the wrong thing at the wrong time. I tortured myself becauseof the foolish things I had said. Then a highschool English teacher taught me，with a single dramatic act，the futility of rehashing the past. As the studentsfled into her classroom，we noticed on her desk a quart bottle ofmilk standing in a heavy stone Crock. "This morning,” she announced, “I’m going to teach you a lesson that hasnothing to do with English，but a lot to do withlife.” She picked up the bottle of milk，crashed itagainst the inside of the stone crock，and itsplintered into small pieces. “The lesson is,” she said, “don't cry overspilled milk.” She invited us to look at the wreckage. “Would any of you attempt to restorethe bottle to its original form? Does it do any good to. wish the bottle hadnot been broken？Does it help to tell yourself how good themilk might have tasted if this hadn't happened? Remember this broken bottle ofmilk when something happens in your life that nothing can undo.” 第九章练习 ExerciseNine 1. Translate the passageAmerican Space, Chinese Place (on P.166) into Chinese. 2. Translate the passage TheDifference between a Brain and a Computer (on P.166) into Chinese. 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese Equality Do you think I can stay to become nothing to you？Do youthink I am an automaton？—a machine without feelings？and can bear to have my morsel of bread snatched frommy lips，and my drop of living water dashed from mycup？Do you think，becauseI am poor，obscure，plain，and little，I am soullessand heartless？You think wrong! I have as much soulas you，—and full as much heart！And if God had gifted me with some beauty and muchwealth，I should have made it as hard for you toleave me，as it is now for me to leave you. I am nottalking to you now through the medium of custom，conventionalities，nor even of mortal flesh；—it ismy spirit that addresses your spirit；just as if bothhad passed through the grave， and we stood at God'sfeet，equal，—as we are！ (Charlotte Bronte: Jane Eyre) 第十章练习 ExerciseTen 1. Translate the passage TheAncient and the Modern (on P.168) into Chinese. 2. Translate the passageWomen and Men (on P.239) into Chinese. 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese How to Grow Old
Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that theywill be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that theyhave been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old manwho has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was inhim to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. the best way toovercome it-so at least it seems to me-is to make your interests graduallywider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, andyour life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individualhuman existence should be like a river-small at first, narrowly containedwithin its banks, and rushing passionately past rocks and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grown wider, the banks recede, the waters flow morequietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in thesea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, cansee his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death since the things he care for will continue. Andif, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest willnot be unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that otherswill carry on what I can no longer do, and contentin the thought that what was possible has been done. 第十一章练习 Exerciseeleven 1. Translate the passage Fantastic Piece of Logic(on P. 170) into Chinese 2. Translate the passage Fear of Dearth (on P. 242) into Chinese 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese Why i am Glad to Be 40 I like the vantage point that middle age gives you over all other ages-theyoung don' t understand the old and the old can't fathom the young but themiddle aged can be in touch with both I find it exhilarating to be a gobetween But who can en joy looking in a mirror and seeing crows feet and lines and allthe other revages of iddle age? This aspect of middle age is certainly thehardest to accept-but only if you are determined to cling to illusion. Formyself, and for millions of others, the loss of youthful beauty is nothing to mourn. Itwas never there in the first place. Moreover, when youare middle aged nobody has to tell you that beauty alone isn'teverything-looking around you can see that it isnt. You know that youd referwit and interest and intelligence: you have your own experience of men andwomen who may be thought ugly but whom you prefer to the simply beautiful I find that there isn't a single shred of jealousy in me for all the beautifulyoung ladies myself i think they all look fantastic and they have nothingwhat soever to do with me Halfway through anything is always the most enjoyable time It's like being ontop of a humpbacked bridge: you ve toiled up and youmight be going to stagger down, but for the moment you re on a plateau with theview of all 第一章练习答案 ExerciseOne A. Fill inthe following blanks with what you have learned in the first chapter
Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is ajustification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that theywill be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that theyhave been cheated of the best things that Life has to offer. But in an old manwho has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was inhim to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way toovercome it—so at least it seems to me—is to make your interests graduallywider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, andyour life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individualhuman existence should be like a river—small at first, narrowly containedwithin its banks, and rushing passionately past rocks and over' waterfalls.Gradually the river grown wider, the banks recede, the waters flow morequietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in thesea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, cansee his life in this way，will not suffer from the fear of death， since the things he care for will continue. Andif, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest willnot be unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that otherswill carry on what I can no longer do，and contentin the thought that what was possible has been done. 第十一章练习 ExerciseEleven 1. Translate the passageFantastic Piece of Logic (on P.170) into Chinese. 2. Translate the passageFear of Dearth (on P.242) into Chinese. 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese Why I Am Glad to Be 40 I like the vantage point that middle age gives you over all other ages—theyoung don’t understand the old and the old can’t fathom the young but themiddle aged can be in touch with both. I find it exhilarating to be a gobetweens. But who can enjoy looking in a mirror and seeing crow’s feet and lines and allthe other revages of middle age? This aspect of middle age is certainly thehardest to accept—but only if you are determined to cling to illusion. Formyself，and for millions of others，the loss of youthful beauty is nothing to mourn.. Itwas never there in the first place. Moreover，when youare middle aged nobody has to tell you that beauty alone isn’teverything—looking around you can see that it isn’t. You know that you’d preferwit and interest and intelligence; you have your own experience of men andwomen who may be thought ugly but whom you prefer to the simply beautiful. I find that there isn’t a single shred of jealousy in me for all the beautifulyoung ladies myself; I think they all look fantastic and they have nothingwhatsoever to do with me. Halfway through anything is always the most enjoyable time. It’s like being ontop of a humpbacked bridge：you've toiled up and youmight be going to stagger down, but for the moment you’re on a plateau with theview of all. 第一章练习答案 ExerciseOne A. Fill inthe following blanks with what you have learned in the first chapter
1. faithfulness, expressiveness, and elegance 2.2000 3. faithfulness andsmoothness 4. The criterion oftranslation put forward by Lu Xun (ail)is ratherbeing faithful in thought than smooth in language: by Fu Lei is achievethe ' spirit of the original or expression resemblance; by Mr Qian Zhongshu istransfiguration or conversion by the monk Dao An is preaching according to theoriginal without any deduction or addition B. Answerthe following questions. 1. What is meant bytranslation? Translationis a representation or recreation in one language of what is what is written orsaid in another language not only an art but a science 2. What was Karl Marx fond ofsaying about the importance of a foreign 1 A foreignlanguage is a weapon in the struggle of life. 3. What are the prerequisitesfor a qualified translator? Oagood command of sourse language (2agood command of target language Ba wide range or scope of knowledge @a high political consciousness @a necessary knowledge of basic techniquesused in translation. 4. What do you think should bethe criteria of translation? fai thfulnessand smoothness C. Translate the following English into Chinese 1. source language and target language(原文、译文) 2. Alexander Fraser Tytler(佛泽南.泰特勒) 3. A History of Politics《社会通诠》 4. On Liberty《群己权界论》 5. An Inquiry into the Natureand Cause of the Wealth of Nations(byA. Smith)《原富》 6. Evolution and Ethics andOther essays(byT.H. Huxley)《天演论》 D. Translate the passage "Life in the violin Case (on P. 153)into Chinese See textbook on p. 265 E. Translate the passage "Pride and Prejudice (on P. 205)into Chinese See textbook on P. 207 第二章练习答案
1. faithfulness,expressiveness , and elegance. 2. 2000. 3. faithfulness andsmoothness. 4. The criterion oftranslation put forward by Lu Xun (鲁迅)is ratherbeing faithful in thought than smooth in language; by Fu Lei is achievethe ‘spirit’ of the original or expression resemblance; by Mr. Qian Zhongshu istransfiguration or conversion; by the monk Dao An is preaching according to theoriginal without any deduction or addition. B. Answerthe following questions. 1. What is meant bytranslation? Translationis a representation or recreation in one language of what is what is written orsaid in another language, not only an art but a science. 2. What was Karl Marx fond ofsaying about the importance of a foreign language? A foreignlanguage is a weapon in the struggle of life. 3. What are the prerequisitesfor a qualified translator? ①agood command of sourse language; ②agood command of target language; ③a wide range or scope of knowledge; ④a high political consciousness; ⑤a necessary knowledge of basic techniquesused in translation. 4. What do you think should bethe criteria of translation? faithfulnessand smoothness. C.Translate the following English into Chinese 1. source language and targetlanguage（原文、译文） 2. Alexander Fraser Tytler（佛泽南.泰特勒） 3. A History of Politics《社会通诠》 4. On Liberty《群己权界论》 5. An Inquiry into the Natureand Cause of the Wealth of Nations (by A. Smith)《原富》 6. Evolution and Ethics andOther Essays (by T. H. Huxley)《天演论》 D.Translate the passage “Life in the violin Case (on P.153) into Chinese” See textbook on P.265 E.Translate the passage “Pride and Prejudice (on P.205) into Chinese” See textbook on P.207 第二章练习答案
Exercisetwo 1. Improve thefollowing translations (1)Mr. Collins had compliment, and an allusion to throw in here, which were kindly smiled on bythe mother and daughter. ( Austen: Pride and Pre judice, Ch. 14, V. Il) 说到这里,柯林斯先生赶忙恭维了一句,又举了一个例子,母女俩听了都粲然一笑。 说到这里,柯林斯先生赶忙恭维了一句,还暗示了一下原因,母女俩听了,都粲然一笑。) (2)“ And you are my uncle,then!” she cries hing up to salute him. (E. Bronte:Wuthering Heights, Ch 7, V. Il) “这么说你是我的姑父啦,”她嚷道,走到他跟前,行了个礼 “这么说你是我的姑父啦,”她嚷道,走到他跟前,吻了他一下。) (3).the fate of men is as grimand bleak as the fate of women. Toilers and warriors. (S.R. Sanders “ Women andMen”) 男人的命运和女人一样凄怆悲凉。做苦工,当战士。 (男人的命运和女人一样凄怆悲凉。做苦工,当炮灰。) (4)I was in the middlebefore I knew that I had begun. (J. Austen: Pride and Pre judice, Ch. 18,V. III) 等我发现我自己开始爱上你的时候,我已经走了一半路了。 (我是到了不能自拔的时候才发现爱上了你。) 2. Translate the passage Three Peach Stones(on P. 154)into Chinese. See textbook on p. 266 3. Translate the passage Wuthering Heights (on P. 210) into Chines See textbook on P. 211 第三章练习答案 ExerciseThree 1. Translate the passage When the Moon Follows Me (on P. 156) into Chin See textbook on P. 267 2. Translate the passageTess of the d'Urbervilles(on P. 213)into Chinese See textbook on p. 215 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese 梵蒂冈—最小的国家 面积大小不是定义一个国家的标准。国家只需要是个独立的国家,有明确的领土边界,有自己的政府。这对梵蒂冈 来说可是件好事!梵蒂冈面积只有0.17平方英里,因此它拥有“世界上最小国家”的称号
ExerciseTwo 1. Improve thefollowing translations. (1) Mr. Collins had acompliment, and an allusion to throw in here, which were kindly smiled on bythe mother and daughter. (J. Austen: Pride and Prejudice, Ch. 14, V. II) 说到这里，柯林斯先生赶忙恭维了一句，又举了一个例子，母女俩听了都粲然一笑。 (说到这里，柯林斯先生赶忙恭维了一句，还暗示了一下原因，母女俩听了，都粲然一笑。) (2)“And you are my uncle, then!”she cried, reaching up to salute him.(E. Bronte: Wuthering Heights, Ch.7, V. II) “这么说你是我的姑父啦，”她嚷道，走到他跟前，行了个礼。 （“这么说你是我的姑父啦，”她嚷道，走到他跟前，吻了他一下。） (3) …the fate of men is as grimand bleak as the fate of women. Toilers and warriors. (S.R. Sanders: “Women andMen”) 男人的命运和女人一样凄怆悲凉。做苦工，当战士。 （男人的命运和女人一样凄怆悲凉。做苦工，当炮灰。） (4) I was in the middlebefore I knew that I had begun. (J. Austen: Pride and Prejudice, Ch. 18, V. III) 等我发现我自己开始爱上你的时候，我已经走了一半路了。 （我是到了不能自拔的时候才发现爱上了你。） 2. Translate the passageThree Peach Stones (on P.154) into Chinese. See textbook on P.266 3. Translate the passage Wuthering Heights (on P.210) into Chinese. See textbook on P.211 第三章练习答案 ExerciseThree 1. Translate the passageWhen the Moon Follows Me (on P.156) into Chinese. See textbook on P.267 2. Translate the passageTess of the d’Urbervilles (on P.213) into Chinese. See textbook on P.215 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese 梵蒂冈----最小的国家 面积大小不是定义一个国家的标准。国家只需要是个独立的国家，有明确的领土边界，有自己的政府。这对梵蒂冈 来说可是件好事！梵蒂冈面积只有0.17平方英里，因此它拥有“世界上最小国家”的称号
870年以前,在意大利中部统治政府的教皇的政治势力扩张到约1,6000平方英里。1870年,在一次政权交接中,意 大利王国将罗马定为意大利的首都,从教皇政府中夺取政权,将所谓的罗马“教皇国”列入自己的版图 1929年,意大利政府和罗马教皇签署了一项协议一一将梵蒂冈城建立为国家。其面积总共只有0.17平方英里!通过 与其他国家建立外交关系,梵蒂冈逐步地得到了承认。 梵蒂冈城是天主教教廷的官方所在地,其首领为教皇,教皇通过行政长官实行统治。跟其他任何国家一样,这样- 个袖珍小国挂自己的国旗,铸造自己的钱币,经营自己的邮政、交通、电话系统和无线电广播电台。这可谓是“麻雀虽 小,五脏俱全”! 这样一个小不点儿国家却拥有强大的权力。它是靠全世界天主教机构的进贡及旅游业养活自己。梵蒂冈城拥有部分 世界最珍贵的宝藏:古希腊伊壁鸠鲁学派遗址、圣彼得长方形大教堂及梵蒂冈宫殿,宫殿内有梵蒂冈图书馆以及教皇本 第四章练习答案 rcisehour 1. Translate the passage Funeral Sermon for Mammy Caroline Barr (on P. 158) into Chinese. See textbook on p. 268 2. Translate the passage Harrow(on P. 217)into Chinese. See textbook 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese 美国的购物中心 购物中心是美国人很喜欢去的地方。人们把那些花太多时间在购物中心的人称为“购物鼠”,他们穿梭于购物中心 的各个“角落” 人们喜欢购物中心的理由很多。因为购物中心设有保护个人安全的警卫室,停车通常是免费的,而且它里面的空气 也很不错。最新的购物中心设有幽雅的休闲区,休闲区内有瀑布和绿树。 美国最大的购物中心在明尼苏达州。它占地4,200,000平方英尺,有350家店铺,8个夜总会,兼带一个7英亩大的 公园,另有一个可容纳12,750辆汽车的停车场。每周大约有750,000人来这里购物。 美国第一家室内购物中心是建于1965年明尼苏达州的 Edina。人们喜欢在一个地方购物,。更多的购物中心建了起 来。现在很多购物中心建在人群聚集的城镇中心,在这里人们可以做很多事情。他们在购物的同时,可以去餐馆品尝来 自世界各地的美食,还可以去剧院看电影。有的人甚至把逛街当作一种新的日常运动。其他人则去商场会朋友 在一些购物中心,人们可以看医生或者牙医,甚至可以做礼拜。换句话说,人们可以在购物中心做任何事情。实际 上,现在居民可以住在购物中心里。 第五章练习答案 1. Translate the passageNotes of a Native Son (on P. 159) into Chinese. See textbook on p. 269 2. Translate the passage The Unhappy American Way on P 221) into Chinese See textbook on P. 223 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese
1870年以前，在意大利中部统治政府的教皇的政治势力扩张到约1,6000平方英里。1870年，在一次政权交接中，意 大利王国将罗马定为意大利的首都，从教皇政府中夺取政权，将所谓的罗马“教皇国”列入自己的版图。 1929年，意大利政府和罗马教皇签署了一项协议——将梵蒂冈城建立为国家。其面积总共只有0.17平方英里！通过 与其他国家建立外交关系，梵蒂冈逐步地得到了承认。 梵蒂冈城是天主教教廷的官方所在地，其首领为教皇，教皇通过行政长官实行统治。跟其他任何国家一样，这样一 个袖珍小国挂自己的国旗，铸造自己的钱币，经营自己的邮政、交通、电话系统和无线电广播电台。这可谓是“麻雀虽 小，五脏俱全”！ 这样一个小不点儿国家却拥有强大的权力。它是靠全世界天主教机构的进贡及旅游业养活自己。梵蒂冈城拥有部分 世界最珍贵的宝藏：古希腊伊壁鸠鲁学派遗址、圣彼得长方形大教堂及梵蒂冈宫殿，宫殿内有梵蒂冈图书馆以及教皇本 人。 第四章练习答案 ExerciseFour 1. Translate the passageFuneral Sermon for Mammy Caroline Barr (on P.158) into Chinese. See textbook on P.268 2. Translate the passage Harrow(on P.217) into Chinese. See textbook on P.219 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese 美国的购物中心 购物中心是美国人很喜欢去的地方。人们把那些花太多时间在购物中心的人称为“购物鼠”，他们穿梭于购物中心 的各个“角落”。 人们喜欢购物中心的理由很多。因为购物中心设有保护个人安全的警卫室，停车通常是免费的，而且它里面的空气 也很不错。最新的购物中心设有幽雅的休闲区，休闲区内有瀑布和绿树。 美国最大的购物中心在明尼苏达州。它占地4，200，000平方英尺，有350家店铺，8个夜总会，兼带一个7英亩大的 公园，另有一个可容纳12，750辆汽车的停车场。每周大约有750，000人来这里购物。 美国第一家室内购物中心是建于1965年明尼苏达州的Edina。人们喜欢在一个地方购物，。更多的购物中心建了起 来。现在很多购物中心建在人群聚集的城镇中心，在这里人们可以做很多事情。他们在购物的同时，可以去餐馆品尝来 自世界各地的美食，还可以去剧院看电影。有的人甚至把逛街当作一种新的日常运动。其他人则去商场会朋友。 在一些购物中心，人们可以看医生或者牙医，甚至可以做礼拜。换句话说，人们可以在购物中心做任何事情。实际 上，现在居民可以住在购物中心里。 第五章练习答案 ExerciseFive 1. Translate the passageNotes of a Native Son (on P.159) into Chinese. See textbook on P.269 2. Translate the passage The Unhappy American Way (on P.221) into Chinese. See textbook on P.223 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese
威尼斯 当我第一看到这美丽的城市—一威尼斯,它简直就像是建筑师的美丽幻想。这座美丽的城市由118个小岛,28米长 的运河交错而成,这些小岛和运河大约由400座弓形桥相连。沿岸坐落着120座教堂,近64个女修道院和僧院,伟大的文 艺复兴和拜占庭风格,哥特风格,巴洛克风格。宏伟壮丽的宫殿建筑围绕着运河,这些建筑和谐优美,建筑物上雕刻的 石雕,企鹅,小猫栩栩如生 然而,威尼斯是一个美丽的水上城市,它的主街是200英尺宽的大运河。这里的人们要么是步行要么是乘船,但从 不会开车出行 放眼望去,辉煌而狭长的小船就像优雅的黑天鹅一样有序自如地穿梭于桥底。在可锻的铁门,铺满鹅卵石的庭院 后,随着时间的流逝已长满了苍翠茂密的羊齿植物和叶子,繁茂的让人窒息。此时,咖啡店里淡淡的清香飘然而出,远 处船夫的歌声不绝于耳‘船夫,船夫……’。当我还沉浸在头裏围巾的威尼斯妇女在盛满蔬菜水果的船上熟稔的挑选 时,一只盛满干净平整的亚麻布洗衣船毫无忌讳的从它旁边穿过,发出咔嚓咔嚓地声音。 这就是日常的威尼斯一角 第六章练习答案 Exercise six 1. Translate the passageAlbert,s True Love (on P. 161) into Chinese See text 2. Translate the passage IntoMississippi (on P 224) into Chinese See textbook on p. 22 3. Mini-essay Translation fromEnglish into Chinese 完美的锻炼 体重与健康。由于许多种疾病,特别是高血压,心脏病和呼吸紊乱导致的身体缺陷和过早的死亡常常与肥胖症有 关。而超重并不必要被认为是一种严重的健康危害。但是,当它伴随着糖尿病,高血压,酗烟和不做运动的生活方式 时,减肥就成为必要了。最好的能够持久改变你身材的方法是,养成合理的饮食与运动习惯,一个成功的计划也许能够 同时做到健康的减少体内热量而又通过运动增加外部热量 第七章练习答案 Exerciseseven 1. Translate the passage TheQueen's Heart (on P. 163) into Chinese See textbook on p. 271 2. Translate the passage TheEnd of My Childhood (on P. 227) into Chinese See textbook on p. 229 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese 牵涉 道德急需我们置身其中,无论是在我们最小的还是最广的日常考虑的事物中,这个说法是适当的。在每件是上都得 到了体现:经常帮助周围的人去关注世界的现状。在给人印象深刻的日常琐事中,每个人都能为我们生存的世界以及我 们自己的生活做贡献。任何一个细微真挚行为的介入,事实上都在鼓励人性的超越自我。直到每个人的生活不再是单独 的一部分而是人类社会前进的一部分时,我们每个个体将是紧密相连的
威尼斯 当我第一看到这美丽的城市——威尼斯，它简直就像是建筑师的美丽幻想。这座美丽的城市由118个小岛，28米长 的运河交错而成，这些小岛和运河大约由400座弓形桥相连。沿岸坐落着120座教堂，近64个女修道院和僧院，伟大的文 艺复兴和拜占庭风格，哥特风格，巴洛克风格。宏伟壮丽的宫殿建筑围绕着运河，这些建筑和谐优美，建筑物上雕刻的 石雕，企鹅，小猫栩栩如生。 然而，威尼斯是一个美丽的水上城市，它的主街是200英尺宽的大运河。这里的人们要么是步行要么是乘船，但从 不会开车出行。 放眼望去，辉煌而狭长的小船就像优雅的黑天鹅一样有序自如地穿梭于桥底。在可锻的铁门，铺满鹅卵石的庭院 后，随着时间的流逝已长满了苍翠茂密的羊齿植物和叶子，繁茂的让人窒息。此时，咖啡店里淡淡的清香飘然而出，远 处船夫的歌声不绝于耳‘船夫，船夫……’。当我还沉浸在头裹围巾的威尼斯妇女在盛满蔬菜水果的船上熟稔的挑选 时，一只盛满干净平整的亚麻布洗衣船毫无忌讳的从它旁边穿过，发出咔嚓咔嚓地声音。 这就是日常的威尼斯一角。 第六章练习答案 Exercise Six 1. Translate the passageAlbert’s True Love (on P.161) into Chinese. See textbook on P.269 2. Translate the passage IntoMississippi (on P.224) into Chinese. See textbook on P.226 3. Mini-essay Translation fromEnglish into Chinese 完美的锻炼 体重与健康。由于许多种疾病，特别是高血压，心脏病和呼吸紊乱导致的身体缺陷和过早的死亡常常与肥胖症有 关。而超重并不必要被认为是一种严重的健康危害。但是，当它伴随着糖尿病，高血压，酗烟和不做运动的生活方式 时，减肥就成为必要了。最好的能够持久改变你身材的方法是，养成合理的饮食与运动习惯，一个成功的计划也许能够 同时做到健康的减少体内热量而又通过运动增加外部热量。 第七章练习答案 ExerciseSeven 1. Translate the passage TheQueen’s Heart (on P.163) into Chinese. See textbook on P.271 2. Translate the passage TheEnd of My Childhood (on P.227) into Chinese. See textbook on P.229 3. Mini-essay Translationfrom English into Chinese 牵涉 道德急需我们置身其中，无论是在我们最小的还是最广的日常考虑的事物中，这个说法是适当的。在每件是上都得 到了体现：经常帮助周围的人去关注世界的现状。在给人印象深刻的日常琐事中，每个人都能为我们生存的世界以及我 们自己的生活做贡献。任何一个细微真挚行为的介入，事实上都在鼓励人性的超越自我。直到每个人的生活不再是单独 的一部分而是人类社会前进的一部分时，我们每个个体将是紧密相连的