TAISHANMEDICAL UNIVERSITY Sclool of Radiology Examination Paper for International students(SET B) 6 Semester Final Exams,September Session 2009 Time-80minutes Full Marks-0 Name. Roll no Tick mark (v)the one best answer demonstrated by taking awitn the patient ina s bes iration d.Prone 2.The best view of the chest to show minimal pleural effusion is? a.PA view C.AP view b.Lateral decubitus d.Oblique view 3.Bilateral 'spider leg'sign in IVP is indicative of? a.Renal stone b.Hydronephrosis d.Poly 4.Which o ne of the following is the contrast used in MRI an? Rose Benga d.Strontium 5.Radiation exposure doesn't occur in? a.Plain X-ray c.Fluoroscopy b.MRI scan d.CT scan 6.Investigation of choice for acute subarachnoid hemorrhage is? c.CT scan b Enha ced mr 7.Multiple are in? c.Multiple myeloma Cranio d.Paget's disease 8.Investigation of choice for gallstone is? a.CI scan c.Oral cholecystography b. USG d.X-ray 9.In MRI the images are produced due to? a.K+ N2O b.H+ d.co2 10.Ultrasounc aves are produced by means of a crystal? Ferrom c.Piezoelectric d.Pa ramagneti 11.Right heart border in a chest X-ray PA view is formed by all except? a.SVC c.Right atrium b.IVC d.Ascending aorta 12.Most radio dense substance is? a.Bone c.Soft tissue b.Brair d.Fluid 13.X-rays are generated when.stke tungsten? on b. Electromagnetic waves d.Neutrons
Taishan medical university School of Radiology Examination Paper for International students (SET B) 6 th Semester Final Exams, September Session 2009 Time– 30 minutes Full Marks -30 Name. Roll No. . Tick mark (√) the one best answer Pneumothorax is best demonstrated by taking a radiograph, with the patient in? a. Inspiration c. Full inspiration b. Expiration d. Prone 2. The best view of the chest to show minimal pleural effusion is? a. PA view c. AP view b. Lateral decubitus d. Oblique view 3. Bilateral ‘spider leg’ sign in IVP is indicative of? a. Renal stone c. Hypernephroma b. Hydronephrosis d. Polycystic kidney 4. Which one of the following is the contrast used in MRI scan? a. Iodine c. Gadolinium b. Rose Bengal d. Strontium 5. Radiation exposure doesn’t occur in? a. Plain X- ray c. Fluoroscopy b. MRI scan d. CT scan 6. Investigation of choice for acute subarachnoid hemorrhage is? a. Angiography c. CT scan b. Enhanced MRI d. MRI 7. Multiple punched out lytic lesions in X- rays are seen in? a. Eosinophilic granuloma c. Multiple myeloma b. Craniopharyngoma d. Paget’s disease 8. Investigation of choice for gallstone is? a. CT scan c. Oral cholecystography b. USG d. X- ray 9. In MRI the images are produced due to? a. K+ c. N2O b. H+ d. CO2 10.Ultrasound waves are produced by means of a . crystal? a. Ferromagnetic c. Piezoelectric b. Ferro electric d. Paramagnetic 11.Right heart border in a chest X- ray PA view is formed by all except? a. SVC c. Right atrium b. IVC d. Ascending aorta 12.Most radio dense substance is? a. Bone c. Soft tissue b. Brain d. Fluid 13.X- rays are generated when. strike tungsten? a. Protons c. Electrons b. Electromagnetic waves d. Neutrons
14.Onion peel appearance s in? a. Osteoclastoma c.Chondrosarcoma b.Osteosarcoma d.Ewing's sarcoma 15.Figure of 3'appearance is seen in? a.Coarctation of aorta C.TOF b.TGV d.All of the above 16.Oligemic lung fields are seen in? a.TOF c.Pulmonary stenosis b ASD d.Both A&C 17.Hair onein skullray is characteriatic of a即 anemia b.Hemochromatosis d.Thalassemia 18.Most important investigation for posterior urethral valve is? a.Micturation cystogram c.Retrograde cystogram b IvP d.Plain X-ray 19.Ulcer crater on barium X-ray examination indicates the diagr osis of? c.Duodenal ulcer b.Duodenaldiv lum d.Duodenalstricture 20.Gamma camera in nuclear medicine is used for a.Measuring the radioactivity c.Monitoring the surface contamination Organ imaging d.Radioimmuneassay 21.The cranial nerve readily visualized on CT images 22.All are true about intracranial hematomas except Acute hematoma appear hyper dense on CT &.金adural hm c.Acute subdural hemorraghe appears as toma appears as a hyperdense in sulcal spaces basal cisterns lenticular shaped extra-axial collection d.The comm est site for hypertensive bleed is 23.Which of the following foreign bodies can be visualized ra hically a Glass Plastic b.Wood d None 24.Contrast media of choice in investigating a suspected case of ileal perforation Barium sulphate ement of a Rt ventricle c Rt atri b.Lt ventricle d.Lt atrium 26.Following rena cacare radiopaque except U acid Triple ph sphate d.Staghorn calculus 27 Radiat are made up of a.Copper c.Lead b.Silver d.Tin 28.Which radiations is nost harmful to body a.Alpha particlc d.a rays 29.Int rays ie th c.Diagnoses treats the disease using the imaging modalities imaging modalities b. Treats the disease like a physician d.Guides the physician for treating the disease 30.In color Doppler color depends on trength of returning ech Frequen
14.Onion peel appearance is seen in? a. Osteoclastoma c. Chondrosarcoma b. Osteosarcoma d. Ewing’s sarcoma 15. ‘Figure of 3’ appearance is seen in? a. Coarctation of aorta c. TOF b. TGV d. All of the above 16.Oligemic lung fields are seen in? a. TOF c. Pulmonary stenosis b. ASD d. Both A & C 17.Hair on end appearance in skull X- ray is characteristic of? a. Sickle cell anemia c. Megaloblastic anemia b. Hemochromatosis d. Thalassemia 18.Most important investigation for posterior urethral valve is? a. Micturation cystogram c. Retrograde cystogram b. IVP d. Plain X- ray 19.Ulcer crater on barium X- ray examination indicates the diagnosis of? a. Gastric carcinoma c. Duodenal ulcer b. Duodenal diverticulum d.Duodenal stricture 20.Gamma camera in nuclear medicine is used for a. Measuring the radioactivity b. Organ imaging c. Monitoring the surface contamination d. Radioimmuneassay 21.The cranial nerve readily visualized on CT images a. I b. II c. III d. IV 22.All are true about intracranial hematomas except a. Acute hematoma appear hyper dense on CT b. Extradural hematoma appears as a lenticular shaped extra-axial collection c. Acute subdural hemorraghe appears as hyperdense in sulcal spaces & basal cisterns d. The commonest site for hypertensive bleed is basal ganglia 23.Which of the following foreign bodies can be visualized radiographically a. Glass b. Wood c. Plastic d. None 24.Contrast media of choice in investigating a suspected case of ileal perforation a. Barium sulphate b. Gastrograffin c. Dionosul viscous d. Lipoidol 25.Angle of tracheal bifurcation is increased in enlargement of a. Rt ventricle b. Lt ventricle c. Rt atrium d. Lt atrium 26.Following renal calculi are radiopaque except a. Uric acid b. Calcium oxalate c. Triple phosphate d. Staghorn calculus 27.Radiation protection shields are made up of a. Copper b. Silver c. Lead d. Tin 28.Which radiations is most harmful to body a. Alpha particle b. Beta particle c. Gamma rays d. X rays 29.Interventional radiologist is the person who a. Diagnoses the disease using the imaging modalities b. Treats the disease like a physician c. Diagnoses & treats the disease using the imaging modalities d. Guides the physician for treating the disease 30.In color Doppler color depends on a. Strength of returning echo b. Relation of transducer to blood flow c. Frequency of Doppler used d. Types of Doppler machine use
TAISHAN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY School of Radiolagy Examination Paper for International students (SET B) 6 Semester Final Exams,September Session 2009 Da0n Full Marks-70 Pass marks-42 Attempt all questions 1.What are the types of ultrasound transducer?How do you choose a propertransducer when different parts of a patient are examined The types of ultrasound transducer include linear array transducer.sector transducer,curved array transducer and special transducers The type of transducer selected for a particular examination depends upon several factors: The type of examination: The echocardiographic examination is performed with a sector transducer(3.5MHz).Obstetric and gynecologic scans are usually performed with a curved or linear array transducer(3.5MHz). The size of the patient ·For adults:3.5MHz, ●For children:10MHz Special transducers have been produced to help view specific areas 2.(a)Describe the imaging features of malignant ulcer. >Ulcerative type >"Half a month"syndrome Intracavitary Ulcer >Circling agger >Fissure sign digital impression >rigid wall >Crude borderline (b)Describe the imaging features of barium examination of esophageal carcinoma. Hard barium flow Esophageal strictures ·Filling defects Niche sign Dilatation
Taishan medical university School of Radiology Examination Paper for International students (SET B) 6 th Semester Final Exams, September Session 2009 Time– 2. 30 hours Full Marks-70 Date– 12th January, 2010 Pass marks– 42 Attempt all questions 1. What are the types of ultrasound transducer? How do you choose a proper transducer when different parts of a patient are examined ? The types of ultrasound transducer include linear array transducer, sector transducer ,curved array transducer and special transducers. The type of transducer selected for a particular examination depends upon several factors: ⚫ The type of examination: The echocardiographic examination is performed with a sector transducer(3.5MHz). Obstetric and gynecologic scans are usually performed with a curved or linear array transducer(3.5MHz). ⚫ The size of the patient ⚫ For adults : 3.5MHz, ⚫ For children :10MHz Special transducers have been produced to help view specific areas. 2. (a) Describe the imaging features of malignant ulcer. ➢ Ulcerative type ➢ “Half a month ” syndrome ➢ Intracavitary Ulcer ➢ Circling agger ➢ Fissure sign ➢ digital impression ➢ rigid wall ➢ Crude borderline (b) Describe the imaging features of barium examination of esophageal carcinoma. • Hard barium flow • Esophageal strictures • Filling defects • Niche sign Dilatation
3.Describe the imaging features of Meningioma CT:shows a well marginated oval or lobulated mass,attached to the dura at an obtuse angle.Most lesions are homogeneously hyperdense.some isodense and a few hypodense Calcifications are diffuse or focal Marked homogeneous enhancement MRI:Isointensity on both T1WI and T2WI Sixty percent of meningiomas have a"dural tail"of enhancement Marked homogeneous enhancement 4.Describe the characteristics of each type of colorectal carcinoma. Polypoid carcinomas:a lobulated filling defect of variable size with a contour deformity along one margin of the bowel Annular tumors: (1)Deformation of both margins with lumen narrowing (2)There is an abrupt transition between the tumor,where the mucosa is no longer visible,and the normal aspect of the adjacent mucosa.This leads to a typical appearance of an"apple core"or an overhanging edge. called "the tumor shoulder". 5.Describe the ultrasound and CT findings of hepatocellular carcinoma. Ultrasound findings Hyperechoic HCC(13%)due to fatty metamophosis or marked dilatation of sinusoids Hypoechoic HCC(26%)due to solid tumor Mixed echogenicity(61%)due to nonliquefactive tumor necrosis Portal vein invasion(25-48%) CT findings: Unenhanced CT: hypodense mass/rarely isodense/hyperdense in fatty liver Biphasic Contrast Enhanced CT: enhancement during hepatic arterial phase(80%) decreased attenuation during portal venous phase with inhomogeneous areas of contrast accumulation isodensity on delayed scans(10%) thin contrast-enhancing capsule(50%)due to rapid washout wedge-shaped areas of decreased attenuation(segmental/lobar perfusion defects due portal vein occlusion by tumor thrombus) 6.What are the advantages disadvantage of various modalities in biliary imaging?
3. Describe the imaging features of Meningioma. • CT： shows a well marginated oval or lobulated mass, attached to the dura at an obtuse angle. Most lesions are homogeneously hyperdense, some isodense and a few hypodense • Calcifications are diffuse or focal • Marked homogeneous enhancement • MRI：Isointensity on both T1WI and T2WI • Sixty percent of meningiomas have a "dural tail" of enhancement • Marked homogeneous enhancement 4. Describe the characteristics of each type of colorectal carcinoma. ⚫ Polypoid carcinomas: a lobulated filling defect of variable size with a contour deformity along one margin of the bowel . ⚫ Annular tumors: (1) Deformation of both margins with lumen narrowing (2) There is an abrupt transition between the tumor, where the mucosa is no longer visible, and the normal aspect of the adjacent mucosa. This leads to a typical appearance of an "apple core" or an overhanging edge, called "the tumor shoulder". 5. Describe the ultrasound and CT findings of hepatocellular carcinoma . Ultrasound findings: Hyperechoic HCC(13%)due to fatty metamophosis or marked dilatation of sinusoids; Hypoechoic HCC(26%)due to solid tumor Mixed echogenicity (61%)due to nonliquefactive tumor necrosis Portal vein invasion (25-48%) CT findings: Unenhanced CT : hypodense mass/rarely isodense/hyperdense in fatty liver Biphasic Contrast Enhanced CT: ⚫ enhancement during hepatic arterial phase (80%) ⚫ decreased attenuation during portal venous phase with inhomogeneous areas of contrast accumulation ⚫ isodensity on delayed scans (10%) ⚫ thin contrast-enhancing capsule (50%) due to rapid washout ⚫ wedge-shaped areas of decreased attenuation (segmental/lobar perfusion defects due portal vein occlusion by tumor thrombus) 6. What are the advantages & disadvantage of various modalities in biliary imaging?
Modality Advantages Disadvantages ERCP Permits simultaneous biopsy or Invasive,may not be possible due to altered anatomy Treatment following surgery MRCP Noninvasive,no radiation exposure Prone to artifact,provides little functional information, difficult to diagnose calcification,difficult to perfomm in periampullary area US Noninvasive,easily available, Operator dependent,poor demonstration of peripheral no radiation exposure intrahepatic bile ducts,less consistent Multidetector CT cholangiography Information regarding biliary Radiation exposure,side effects of the biliary agent, kinetics and function available, limited in patients with poor hepatic function high spatial resolution, short scanning time 7.(a)Describe the MRI imaging features of Prostate Cancer. On TiWI,the prostate is of homogeneous medium signal intensity. On T2Wl,prostate carcinoma is most commonly shown with decreased signal intensity within the high-signal- intensity normal peripheral zone. (b)Describe imaging features of Epidural Haematoma. CT is the modality of choice located between the dura and the inner table of the skull tearing of the meningeal vessels,especial middle meningeal artery the shape is usually biconvex may cross the midline associated with a skull fracture
Modality Advantages Disadvantages ERCP Permits simultaneous biopsy or Invasive, may not be possible due to altered anatomy Treatment following surgery MRCP Noninvasive, no radiation exposure Prone to artifact, provides little functional information, difficult to diagnose calcification, difficult to perform in periampullary area US Noninvasive, easily available, Operator dependent, poor demonstration of peripheral no radiation exposure intrahepatic bile ducts, less consistent Multidetector CT cholangiography Information regarding biliary Radiation exposure, side effects of the biliary agent, kinetics and function available, limited in patients with poor hepatic function high spatial resolution, short scanning time 7. (a)Describe the MRI imaging features of Prostate Cancer. On T1WI, the prostate is of homogeneous medium signal intensity. On T2WI, prostate carcinoma is most commonly shown with decreased signal intensity within the high-signalintensity normal peripheral zone. (b) Describe imaging features of Epidural Haematoma. CT is the modality of choice located between the dura and the inner table of the skull tearing of the meningeal vessels ,especial middle meningeal artery the shape is usually biconvex may cross the midline associated with a skull fracture