湖北财经高等专科学校：《会计信息系统》课程教学资源（教材讲义）mySAP ERP 2005.pdf_大学文库

O Copyright 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved IBM, DB2, DB2 Universal Database, OS/2, Parallel Sysplex, MVS/ESA, AIX, S/390, AS/400, OS/90, OS/400, iSeries, PSeries, xSeries, zSeries, The information in this document is proprietary and contains z/OS, AFP, Intelligent Miner, WebSphere, Netfinity, Tivoli, Informix forward-looking statements that reflect SAPs plans and intentions at i5/OS, POWER, POWERS, OpenPower and PowerPC are trademarks this time. No part of this document may be reproduced, copied, or registered trademarks of IBM Corporation transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the express prior written permission of SAP AG Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation This document is only a preliminary version and is not subject to UNIX, X/Open, OSF/l, and Motif are registered trademarks of the customer's license agreement or any other agreement with SAP. This document contains only intended strategies, developments, and functionalities of my SAP ERP and is not intended to bind SAP to any Citrix, ICA, Program Neighborhood, MetaFrame, WinFrame, particular course of business, product strategy, or development. Please Videoframe, and Multi Win are trademarks or registered trademarks note that this document is subject to change and that SAP may of Citrix Systems, Inc hange it at any time without notice HTML, XML, XHTML and w3C are trademarks or registered SAP assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in this trademarks of w3c. World Wide Web Consortium. Massachusetts document. SAP does not warrant the accuracy or completeness of the information, text, graphics, links, or other items contained within this material. This document is provided without a warranty of any Java is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. kind, either express or implied, including but not limited to, the implied warranties, fitness for a particular purpose, or noninfringement. Java Script is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc, used under license for technology invented and implemented by Netscape SAP shall have no liability for damages of any kind including without limitation direct, special, indirect, or consequential damages that may MaxDB is a trademark of My SQL AB, Sweden result from the use of these materials. This limitation shall not appl ses of intent or gr SAP,R/3, mySAP, my SAP. com, xAPps, xAPP, SAP Net Weaver, and onal injury and defective products is not affected. SAP has no control other SAP products and services mentioned herein as well as their over the information that customer may access through the use of respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP AG in hot links contained in these materials and does not endorse customer Germany and in several other countries all over the world. All other third-party Web pages nor provide any warranty whatsoever product and service names mentioned are the trademarks of their relating to third-party Web pages espective companies. Data contained in this document serves infor- l product specific ty vary. Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors contain proprietary software components of other software vendors These materials are subject to change without notice. These materials are provided by SAP AG and its affiliated companies("SAP Group") Microsoft, Windows, Outlook, and PowerPoint are registered for informational purposes only, without representation or warranty trademarks of Microsoft Corporation of any kind, and SAP Group shall not be liable for errors or omissions with respect to the materials. The only warranties for SAP Group products and services are those that are set forth in the express Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an atonal y

© Copyright 2006 SAP AG. All rights reserved. The information in this document is proprietary and contains forward-looking statements that reflect SAP’s plans and intentions at this time. No part of this document may be reproduced, copied, or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the express prior written permission of SAP AG. This document is only a preliminary version and is not subject to customer’s license agreement or any other agreement with SAP. This document contains only intended strategies, developments, and functionalities of mySAP ERP and is not intended to bind SAP to any particular course of business, product strategy, or development. Please note that this document is subject to change and that SAP may change it at any time without notice. SAP assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in this document. SAP does not warrant the accuracy or completeness of the information, text, graphics, links, or other items contained within this material. This document is provided without a warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including but not limited to, the implied warranties, fitness for a particular purpose, or noninfringement. SAP shall have no liability for damages of any kind including without limitation direct, special, indirect, or consequential damages that may result from the use of these materials. This limitation shall not apply in cases of intent or gross negligence. The statutory liability for personal injury and defective products is not affected. SAP has no control over the information that customer may access through the use of hot links contained in these materials and does not endorse customer use of third-party Web pages nor provide any warranty whatsoever relating to third-party Web pages. Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors contain proprietary software components of other software vendors. Microsoft, Windows, Outlook, and PowerPoint are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. IBM, DB2, DB2 Universal Database, OS/2, Parallel Sysplex, MVS/ESA, AIX, S/390, AS/400, OS/390, OS/400, iSeries, pSeries, xSeries, zSeries, z/OS, AFP, Intelligent Miner, WebSphere, Netfinity, Tivoli, Informix, i5/OS, POWER, POWER5, OpenPower and PowerPC are trademarks or registered trademarks of IBM Corporation. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation. UNIX, X/Open, OSF/1, and Motif are registered trademarks of the Open Group. Citrix, ICA, Program Neighborhood, MetaFrame, WinFrame, VideoFrame, and MultiWin are trademarks or registered trademarks of Citrix Systems, Inc. HTML, XML, XHTML and W3C are trademarks or registered trademarks of W3C®, World Wide Web Consortium, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Java is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. JavaScript is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc., used under license for technology invented and implemented by Netscape. MaxDB is a trademark of MySQL AB, Sweden. SAP, R/3, mySAP, mySAP.com, xApps, xApp, SAP NetWeaver, and other SAP products and services mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP AG in Germany and in several other countries all over the world. All other product and service names mentioned are the trademarks of their respective companies. Data contained in this document serves informational purposes only. National product specifications may vary. These materials are subject to change without notice. These materials are provided by SAP AG and its affiliated companies (“SAP Group”) for informational purposes only, without representation or warranty of any kind, and SAP Group shall not be liable for errors or omissions with respect to the materials. The only warranties for SAP Group products and services are those that are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services, if any. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. 2

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 New Business Benefits of mySAP ERP 2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Adoption of the SAP NetWeaver Platform for Enterprise Services Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Analytics for Better Business Insight and Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 People Productivity Through a User-Centric Approach That Drives Proactive Work . . . . . . . . . . 7 Lower Total Cost of Ownership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Business & Functional Value of Upgrade for mySAP ERP 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 End-User Service Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Analytics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Financials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Human Capital Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Procurement and Logistics Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Product Development and Manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Sales and Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Corporate Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Technical Value of Upgrade for mySAP ERP 2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 3 CONTENTS

NEW BUSINESS BENEFITS OF mySAP ERP 2005 The inflexibility of legacy information technology infrastruc- Some highlights of the solution are outlined below ture is often cited as a problem that slows down the innovation process within an organization. Today, organizations need Adoption of the SAP Netweaver Platform information technology to support flexible business strategies for Enterprise Services Architecture rather than hold them back. Organizations must sense and Applications in all areas of my SAP ERP are leveraging SAP NetWeaver respond to customer requirements in real time, gain marke functionality. Enhanced integration of the SAP Net Weaver plat insight by extending pr rocesses yond the enterprise, adapt to form with my SAP ERP 2005 brings measurable benefits to SAP market changes, and implement new ways of doing business customers as it extends service enablement within mySAP ERP Enterprise resource planning(ERP)software plays a key role in Following the enterprise services architecture road map, achieving the business agility todays organizations need. Once mySAP ERP 2005 delivers the following new functions organizations can more easily manage efficiency, productivity, Enterprise services to support extensible and adaptable and costs. human and financial resources are freed up to business processes, breaking the boundaries of traditiona execute on innovation and growth strategies ERP solutions a Extended use of the exchange infrastructure, allowing a Recognizing these business necessities and hurdles, SAP greater degree of automation and tighter integration with introduced the my SAP ERP solution, the successor to shared service centers, outsourcers, and third parties SAP R3 software. Powered by the SAP Net Weaver platform, Increased flexibility by offering guided procedures and my SAP ERP is a comprehensive software solution featuring leading analytics, financials, human capital management, a Delivery of preconfigured business content with portal- operations, and corporate services functionality. The solution enabled roles, simplified search functionality, and new Inter addresses the core and extended business software require active Forms based on Adobe software, leveraging Adobe tech- ments of midsize to large organizations, across almost all nologies to provide an efficient interactive user experience industries worldwide. a Extended analytical functions delivered through the SAP Net Weaver Business Intelligence component, improving mySAP ERP 2005 is a major release, providing significant user productivity and allowing faster, better-informed benefits to customers in the areas of decision makin a The enterprise services architecture blueprint and delivered enterprise services to enable flexible and adaptable business Analytics for Better Business Insight ocesses and Planning a Advanced and embedded analy tics to provide strategic Through the integration of business intelligence in mySAP ERP business insight 2005, users can now benefit from real-time insight into their a Dramatically improved user experience and people produc organizations' performance. With a single platform, customers tivity enhancements are now able to deploy a unified set of analytic applications for a Increased functionality and significant reductions in total all aspects of their organization. Additionally, strategic enter cost of ownership(TCO) prise management functions allow users to define, manage, and track organizational goals with real-time accuracy. With 2. A service-oriented architecture is a distribured sofrware model that uses inde- pendent Web services to support business processes. With enterprise services architecture, SAP has enhanced and extended the concept of service-oriented architectures. Enterprise services architecture is the software blueprint that enables innovation and standardization in a single environment, allowing you deliver new, innovative applications and packaged solutions with the speed and efficiency that the business requires. This IT practice is enabled by al

The inflexibility of legacy information technology infrastructure is often cited as a problem that slows down the innovation process within an organization. Today, organizations need information technology to support flexible business strategies rather than hold them back. Organizations must sense and respond to customer requirements in real time, gain market insight by extending processes beyond the enterprise, adapt to market changes, and implement new ways of doing business. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) software plays a key role in achieving the business agility today’s organizations need. Once organizations can more easily manage efficiency, productivity, and costs, human and financial resources are freed up to execute on innovation and growth strategies. Recognizing these business necessities and hurdles, SAP introduced the mySAP ERP solution, the successor to SAP R/3 software. Powered by the SAP NetWeaver® platform, mySAP ERP is a comprehensive software solution featuring leading analytics, financials, human capital management, operations, and corporate services functionality. The solution addresses the core and extended business software requirements of midsize to large organizations, across almost all industries, worldwide. mySAP ERP 2005 is a major release, providing significant benefits to customers in the areas of: • The enterprise services architecture blueprint2 and delivered enterprise services to enable flexible and adaptable business processes • Advanced and embedded analytics to provide strategic business insight • Dramatically improved user experience and people productivity enhancements • Increased functionality and significant reductions in total cost of ownership (TCO) Some highlights of the solution are outlined below. Adoption of the SAP NetWeaver Platform for Enterprise Services Architecture Applications in all areas of mySAP ERP are leveraging SAP NetWeaver functionality. Enhanced integration of the SAP NetWeaver platform with mySAP ERP 2005 brings measurable benefits to SAP customers as it extends service enablement within mySAP ERP. Following the enterprise services architecture road map, mySAP ERP 2005 delivers the following new functions: • Enterprise services to support extensible and adaptable business processes, breaking the boundaries of traditional ERP solutions • Extended use of the exchange infrastructure, allowing a greater degree of automation and tighter integration with shared service centers, outsourcers, and third parties • Increased flexibility by offering guided procedures and composite applications • Delivery of preconfigured business content with portalenabled roles, simplified search functionality, and new Interactive Forms based on Adobe software, leveraging Adobe technologies to provide an efficient interactive user experience • Extended analytical functions delivered through the SAP NetWeaver Business Intelligence component, improving user productivity and allowing faster, better-informed decision making Analytics for Better Business Insight and Planning Through the integration of business intelligence in mySAP ERP 2005, users can now benefit from real-time insight into their organizations’ performance. With a single platform, customers are now able to deploy a unified set of analytic applications for all aspects of their organization. Additionally, strategic enterprise management functionsallow users to define, manage, and track organizational goals with real-time accuracy. With NEW BUSINESS BENEFITS OF mySAP ERP 2005 2. A service-oriented architecture is a distributed software model that uses independent Web services to support business processes. With enterprise services architecture, SAP has enhanced and extended the concept of service-oriented architectures. Enterprise services architecture is the software blueprint that enables innovation and standardization in a single environment, allowing you to deliver new, innovative applications and packaged solutions with the speed and efficiency that the business requires. This IT practice is enabled by all components of SAP NetWeaver. 6

analytical information presented within the context of a Lower Total Cost of Ownership business process, the end user can react immediately to the Increasing the flexibility of the solution and lowering total cost information and take the necessary steps to correct or optimize of ownership have been major objectives for the development a work stream more tly, the notion of analytics of mySAP ERP 2005 tool for only the most advanced users of an enterprise is chang ing thanks to the ability to embed key performance indicators my SAP ERP 2005 offers flexible deployment options to meet (KPIs), scorecards, and graphical reports into portals and Web different customer requirements, from small organizations interfaces oriented around individuals and their job responsibil- with few users, which often look for simple central deploy ities. my SAP ERP 2005 includes over 100 analytical applications ments, up to distributed landscapes for large global organiza- that empower business users to better manage their areas of tions. This flexibility facilitates the implementation of shared accountability services and outsourcing intentions. Service-enabled function ality and an open framework for composite applications People Productivity Through a User-Centric simplify the adaptation of business processes, thereby improv Approach That Drives Proactive Worke ing the responsiveness to fast-changing business requirements my SAP ERP 2005 enhances business users' productivity by significantly providing role-based usability and self-services that deliver business processes to the desktops of all employees based on The SAP Solution Manager tool helps companies reduce their needs, expectations, and goals, thereby connecting total cost of IT ownership and gain faster return on investment people directly to their tasks by facilitating software deployments(for example, in mapping applications to business requirements and creating templates), Intuitive design and navigation as well as easy access to optimizing application perf mance and managing change applications and services enable people to complete their jobs during the entire solution life cycle. It enables intensive more quickly. Users are supported by monitors and work lists knowledge transfer through on-site service procedures and that help them find their work more rapidly and execute their access to SAP Best Practices offering their work style and, by providing consistency throughout Industry solution availability is improved significantly with many applications, they support efficiency while using various my SAP ERP 2005. With this release, the majority of industry plications. The my SAP ERP approach to people productivity specific functionality is delivered as extensions in my SAP ERP supports bottom-line improvements by increasing people 2005, released with SAP ERP Central Component 6.0, and in efficiency and effectiveness as well as increasing the possibility les of the my saP Business Suite famil for top-line growth by providing adaptable composite applica of business solutions, thus further improving TCO tions. mySAP ERP makes use of enterprise services architecture and SAP Net Weaver technology such as the Web Dynpro development environment, Interactive Forms, and guided procedures to enable all users within an organization to work more efficiently and effectively 3. New deployment options allow, for example, running SAP ERP Central Component(the technical of SAP R/B Enterprise)and th SAP Net Weaver Business Intelligence component on one server. 3. SAP Solution Manager has proved that it helps to achieve time savings in support for business process modeling and by simplifying system testing rough its integrated test environment. According to a study conducted Prof Dr Martin Selchert(University of Applied Sciences, Ludwigshafen), organizations can achieve cost savings between 10% by using SAP Solution Manager to support them in their blueprint, configuration, operation, upgrade, training, and testing efforts

analytical information presented within the context of a business process, the end user can react immediately to the information and take the necessary steps to correct or optimize a work stream. More importantly, the notion of analytics as a tool for only the most advanced users of an enterprise is changing thanks to the ability to embed key performance indicators (KPIs), scorecards, and graphical reports into portals and Web interfaces oriented around individuals and their job responsibilities. mySAP ERP 2005 includes over 100 analytical applications that empower business users to better manage their areas of accountability. People Productivity Through a User-Centric Approach That Drives Proactive Work mySAP ERP 2005 enhances business users’ productivity by providing role-based usability and self-services that deliver business processes to the desktops of all employees based on their needs, expectations, and goals, thereby connecting people directly to their tasks. Intuitive design and navigation as well as easy access to applications and services enable people to complete their jobs more quickly. Users are supported by monitors and work lists that help them find their work more rapidly and execute their tasks. They find user interaction patterns that best support their work style and, by providing consistency throughout many applications, they support efficiency while using various applications. The mySAP ERP approach to people productivity supports bottom-line improvements by increasing people’s efficiency and effectiveness as well as increasing the possibility for top-line growth by providing adaptable composite applications. mySAP ERP makes use of enterprise services architecture and SAP NetWeaver technology such as the Web Dynpro development environment, Interactive Forms, and guided procedures to enable all users within an organization to work more efficiently and effectively. Lower Total Cost of Ownership Increasing the flexibility of the solution and lowering total cost of ownership have been major objectives for the development of mySAP ERP 2005. mySAP ERP 2005 offers flexible deployment options to meet different customer requirements, from small organizations3 with few users, which often look for simple central deployments, up to distributed landscapes for large global organizations. This flexibility facilitates the implementation of shared services and outsourcing intentions. Service-enabled functionality and an open framework for composite applications simplify the adaptation of business processes, thereby improving the responsiveness to fast-changing business requirements significantly. The SAP Solution Manager tool helps companies reduce total cost of IT ownership and gain faster return on investment by facilitating software deployments4 (for example, in mapping applications to business requirements and creating templates), optimizing application performance, and managing change during the entire solution life cycle. It enables intensive knowledge transfer through on-site service procedures and access to SAP Best Practices offerings. Industry solution availability is improved significantly with mySAP ERP 2005. With this release, the majority of industryspecific functionality is delivered as extensions in mySAP ERP 2005, released with SAP ERP Central Component 6.0, and in sync with the release cycles of the mySAP Business Suite family of business solutions, thus further improving TCO. 3. New deployment options allow, for example, running SAP ERP Central Component (the technical successor of SAP R/3 Enterprise) and the SAP NetWeaver Business Intelligence component on one server. 3. SAP Solution Manager has proved that it helps to achieve time savings in implementation and upgrade projects, for example, by providing advanced support for business process modeling and by simplifying system testing through its integrated test environment. According to a study conducted by Prof. Dr. Martin Selchert (University of Applied Sciences, Ludwigshafen), organizations can achieve cost savings between 10% and 20% by using SAP Solution Manager to support them in their blueprint, configuration, operation, upgrade, training, and testing efforts. 7

mySAP ERP is the world’s most complete enterprise resource planning solution, providing organizations with the strategic insight, ability to differentiate, increased productivity, and flexibility they need to succeed. With the mySAP ERP solution, SAP has evolved its vision of increasing efficiency within an organization to a next-generation ERP solution, automating end-to-end business processes, and extending those processes beyond the enterprise to the entire business ecosystem by incorporating customers, partners, and suppliers. In addition, mySAP ERP helps drive innovation and supports future growth of your organization, while at the same time improving today’s business processes. This section describes the new and enhanced functions mySAP ERP provides to SAP R/3 customers, following the mySAP ERP solution map.5 8 BUSINESS & FUNCTIONAL VALUE OF UPGRADE FOR mySAP ERP 2005 Analytics Strategic Enterprise Management Financial Analytics Operations Analytics Workforce Analytics Financial Supply Chain Management Financial Accounting Management Accounting Financials Corporate Governance Human Capital Talent Management Workforce Process Management Workforce Deployment Management Procurement Supplier Collaboration Inventory and Warehouse Management Inbound and Outbound Logistics Transportation Management Procurement and Logistics Execution Product Development and Manufacturing Sales and Services Corporate Services End-User Service Delivery SAP NetWeaver® Production Planning Manufacturing Execution Enterprise Asset Management Product Development Life-Cycle Data Management Sales Order Management Aftermarket Sales and Service Professional Service Delivery Global Trade Services Incentive and Commission Management Real Estate Management Project Portfolio Management Travel Management Environment, Health, and Safety Quality Management Figure 1: mySAP™ ERP Solution Map 5. As shown in the solution map, operations includes the following solution areas: procurement and logistics execution, product development and manufacturing, and sales and service