基础英语B 综合教程Book2Uni11 Unit 11 Letter to a B Student Teaching Aims: In this unit studentsarerequired to: 1.Practice reading strategies such as predicting,skimming,guessing, etc 2.Grasp some new words and expressions to enrich student's vocabulary; 3.Do some oral work such as pre-reading questions,role play and interaction activities to help to develop the students'oral communicative abilities: 4.Appreciate and learn some writing skills in the retelling of Text Iand practice it along with translation; 5.Get to know some informationabout B-students; 6.Do some other after-class exercise including listening and reading to improve students'comprehensive skills
基础英语 B 综合教程 Book 2 Unit 11 1 Unit 11 Letter to a B Student Teaching Aims: In this unit students are required to: 1. Practice reading strategies such as predicting, skimming, guessing, etc. 2. Grasp some new words and expressions to enrich student’s vocabulary; 3. Do some oral work such as pre-reading questions, role play and interaction activities to help to develop the students’ oral communicative abilities; 4. Appreciate and learn some writing skills in the retelling of Text I and practice it along with translation; 5. Get to know some information about B-students; 6. Do some other after-class exercise including listening and reading to improve students’ comprehensive skills
基础英语B 综合教程Book2 Unit 11 Unit 11 Letter to a B Student-1 Time table 100 minutes Stages Contents Objectives Activities Time Morning report News report Get to know the world 5 mins around them Recitation Unit 10 text1 Consolidate the wordsand Chain work 10 mins practice speaking HW checking Show their ideas and GW 25 understandings Comments On exercises in each unit 10 mins the exam Break Reading 1 Lead-in discussion Prepare the students for the Question 10 mins Pre-stage coming topic and answ Gist of text I Summarize the main idea While-stage Scanning the text Get to know the structure Individual 30mins &PB Homework Work on the For better comprehending 5 mins vocabulary by the texton linguistic themselves Morning report(5 mins) Recitation of text 1 of Unit 10(10 mins) Text1 I.Lead-in: Principles Are Lighthouses By Stephen R.Covey It was a dark and stormy night/The officer on the bridge/came to the captain and said Captain/Captain./there isa light ane/and they won'tmove t do you mean th move Tell th tarboard right now." The signal was sent/starboard.The signal came back/"Starboard yourself" "I can't believe this./What's going on here?/Let them know who I am.The signal was sent out./ "This is the mighty Missouri,/starboard."The signal came back,/This is the lighthouse." My friends/correct principles are lighthouses/they do not move They are natural laws We cannot break them/We can only break ourselves against them./We might as well learn them./ accommodate them. and be grateful for them/Then it enlarges us/and emancipates us/and empowers us. T.S.Eliot once said something/I think is appropriate/as we come to the conclusion of our visit 2
基础英语 B 综合教程 Book 2 Unit 11 2 Unit 11 Letter to a B Student—1 Time table - 100 minutes Stages Contents Objectives Activities Time Morning report News report Get to know the world around them 5 mins Recitation Unit 10 text 1 Consolidate the words and practice speaking Chain work 10 mins HW checking Show their ideas and understandings GW 25 Comments on the exam On exercises in each unit 10 mins Break Reading 1 Pre-stage Lead-in discussion Prepare the students for the coming topic Question and answer 10 mins Gist of text 1 Summarize the main idea 5 mins While-stage Scanning the text Get to know the structure Individual & PB 30mins Homework Work on the vocabulary by themselves For better comprehending of the text on linguistic level 5 mins Morning report (5 mins) Recitation of text 1 of Unit 10 (10 mins) Text 1 I. Lead-in: Principles Are Lighthouses By Stephen R. Covey It was a dark and stormy night./ The officer on the bridge/ came to the captain and said,/ “Captain,/ Captain,/ there is a light in our sea lane/ and they won’t move.”/ “What do you mean they won’t move?/ Tell them to move./ Tell them starboard right now.”/ The signal was sent out,/ “Starboard,/ starboard./” The signal came back,/ “Starboard yourself.”/ “I can’t believe this./ What’s going on here?/ Let them know who I am./” The signal was sent out,/ “This is the mighty Missouri, /starboard./” The signal came back,/ “This is the lighthouse.”/ My friends,/ correct principles are lighthouses,/ they do not move./ They are natural laws./ We cannot break them./ We can only break ourselves against them./ We might as well learn them,/ accommodate them,/ utilize them and be grateful for them. /Then it enlarges us/ and emancipates us/ and empowers us./ T.S. Eliot once said something/ I think is appropriate/ as we come to the conclusion of our visit
基础英语B 综合教程Book2Uni11 together He said/"We shall never cease from striving and the end of all of our striving/will be toarrive where we began/and to know the place for the first time." II.Text introduction The text is a letter to a B student.In the letter the author analyzes what the grade means and doesn't mean.and tells the student the way we should regard grades.In the end the author
基础英语 B 综合教程 Book 2 Unit 11 3 together./ He said,/ “We shall never cease from striving,/ and the end of all of our striving/ will be to arrive where we began/ and to know the place for the first time.”/ II. Text introduction The text is a letter to a B student. In the letter the author analyzes what the grade means and doesn’t mean, and tells the student the way we should regard grades. In the end the author illustrates the importance of learning and gives encouragement to the student.
基础英语B 综合教程Book2 Unit 11 Unit 11 Letter to a B Student-2 Time table 100 minutes Stages Contents Objectives Activities Time Morning report News report Get to the world around 5 mins them Lead-in Students are supposed to GW 15 mins understand the differences concerning B students Culture background To get students 5 mins emotionally involved in the topis Post-reading Structure analysis Understand the 5 mins construction of the text Text 1 GW 20 mins Break Text Comprehension Checking students" individual 25 mins Text 1 understanding of the text pair work Use the newly learnt 10 mins expressions to talk about their own life debate Practice their thinking GW 15 mins Homework Suplemetary reading materials Morning report HW Checking The representatives of each group are supposed to report the differences between Astudents and B students. I.Cultural background American Education System versus Asian Education System America is the land of opportunity.which is famous for its ople in America like to be free to do whatever they want to do without any restrictions.Thi belief is reflected in the American educational system.In American schools,teachers and students are at the same social level.Students are encouraged to exchange their own opinions with the teacher.From an early age,students in the American educational system have been taught that they have the ability to achieve whatever they want to be but rarely been told how they can receive very little pressure in schoo .so whatever they do in school is totally based on thei personal beliefs.The advantage of this kind of educational system is that,it really develops student's individual 4
基础英语 B 综合教程 Book 2 Unit 11 4 Unit 11 Letter to a B Student –2 Time table - 100 minutes Stages Contents Objectives Activities Time Morning report News report Get to the world around them 5 mins Lead-in Students are supposed to understand the differences concerning B students GW 15 mins Culture background To get students emotionally involved in the topis 5 mins Post-reading Structure analysis Understand the construction of the text 5 mins Text 1 GW 20 mins Break Text 1 Text Comprehension Checking students’ understanding of the text individual & pair work 25 mins Use the newly learnt expressions to talk about their own life 10 mins debate Practice their thinking GW 15 mins Homework Suplemetary reading materials Morning report HW Checking The representatives of each group are supposed to report the differences between A students and B students. I. Cultural background American Education System versus Asian Education System America is the land of opportunity, which is famous for its democratic society and unique culture. People in America like to be free, to do whatever they want to do without any restrictions. This belief is reflected in the American educational system. In American schools, teachers and students are at the same social level. Students are encouraged to exchange their own opinions with the teacher. From an early age, students in the American educational system have been taught that they have the ability to achieve whatever they want to be, but rarely been told how they can achieve their goal. Because of this belief in natural born ability in the land of opportunity, students receive very little pressure in school, so whatever they do in school is totally based on their personal beliefs. The advantage of this kind of educational system is that, it really develops student’s individual
基础英语B 综合教程Book2Uni11 In Asian countries,the cultures and social standards are totally different from the U.S.In thos countries most of their values are based on Confucius which heavily stresses education and group values.One's social status is based on his/her education level.Starting from elementary school students have been taught that if you want to be successful in life you must have a good education. and any other way is considered inappropriate In the Asian school systems.educators rank students by your rank is high you are agood student and you will haveagood chance to get into a good school. If your rank is low then you are a bad student and it is a sigr that you are going to be a loser. Nobody cares if you are talented or not Under these pressures, students compete hard with other students.They study five hours a day just trying to gain more II.Structural analysis ntroduction Paragraphs 2-5 purpose of writing to put your disappointment in perspective by considering exactly what your grade means and doesn't mean tymerhe nin Paragraphs 9-10 perspective:the way we should regard grades III Comprehension questions 1.what does the author think hasgiven rise toaB student's feeling of disappointment? 2.why does the author think that grades are misleading? 3.what do you think is the author's attitude toward the current school curriculum?
基础英语 B 综合教程 Book 2 Unit 11 5 In Asian countries, the cultures and social standards are totally different from the U.S. In those countries most of their values are based on Confucius which heavily stresses education and group values. One’s social status is based on his/her education level. Starting from elementary school, students have been taught that if you want to be successful in life you must have a good education, and any other way is considered inappropriate. In the Asian school systems, educators rank students by their scores. So, if your rank is high you are a good student and you will have a good chance to get into a good school. If your rank is low then you are a bad student and it is a sign that you are going to be a loser. Nobody cares if you are talented or not. Under these pressures, students compete hard with other students. They study five hours a day just trying to gain more II. Structural analysis Paragraph 1 introduction Paragraphs 2 – 5 purpose of writing: to put your disappointment in perspective by considering exactly what your grade means and doesn’t mean Paragraphs 6 – 8 distinction between the student as a performer in the classroom and the student as a human being Paragraphs 9 – 10 perspective: the way we should regard grades III Comprehension questions 1. what does the author think has given rise to a B student’s feeling of disappointment? 2. why does the author think that grades are misleading? 3. what do you think is the author’s attitude toward the current school curriculum?
基础英语B 综合教程Book2Uni11 Unit 11 Letter to a B Student -3 Time table-100 minutes Stages Contents Obiectives Activities Time Morning report News report Get to the world around Individual 5 mins them report Discussion Review the knowledge of 15 mins B student Role play Understand how the story 30 mins is constructed Break Word comparison To get students practice theQ&A 15 mins Exercises words and phrases learnt on the topis Gram Exercises 20 mins Homework reading extensively on the net about the topic Morning report III Word comparison Group 1:A.look like B.play the role of C.regard sb./sth.as D.be wonderful for E.serve as Look like means to have the appearance of sb./sth. e.g.That photograph doesn t look like her at all Play the mole of means to function. e.g.Such strikes have plaved an important role in the development of the trade uion movement as means to consider or think about sb./sth.in the specified way. I'veever seen e.g.The child's skill is wonderful for his age. Serve as means to satisfy a need or purpose. e.g.This room can serve as a study Group 2:A.set loose B.level off C.cause to happen D.reduce in degree E.offset Set loose means to release sb./sth e.g.Just close you eyes and let loose your imagination Leve/offmeans to become level after rising or falling ans to cause to occur or take place e.g.What caused this to happen? Reduce in degree means to make something smaller in degree. 6
基础英语 B 综合教程 Book 2 Unit 11 6 Unit 11 Letter to a B Student - 3 Time table - 100 minutes Stages Contents Objectives Activities Time Morning report News report Get to the world around them Individual report 5 mins Discussion Review the knowledge of B student 15 mins Role play Understand how the story is constructed 30 mins Break Exercises Word comparison To get students practice the words and phrases learnt on the topis Q & A 15 mins Gram 15 mins Exercises 20 mins Homework reading extensively on the net about the topic Morning report III Word comparison Group 1: A. look like B. play the role of C. regard sb./sth. as D. be wonderful for E. serve as Look like means to have the appearance of sb./sth. e.g. That photograph doesn’t look like her at all. Play the role of means to function. e.g. Such strikes have played an important role in the development of the trade union movement. Regarded sb./sth. as means to consider or think about sb./sth. in the specified way. e.g. I regard that movie as one of the worst I’ve ever seen. Be wonderful for means causing wonder or very surprising e.g. The child’s skill is wonderful for his age. Serve as means to satisfy a need or purpose. e.g. This room can serve as a study. Group 2: A. set loose B. level off C. cause to happen D. reduce in degree E. offset Set loose means to release sb./sth. e.g. Just close you eyes and let loose your imagination. Level off means to become level after rising or falling. e.g. House prices show no sign of leveling off. Cause to happen means to cause to occur or take place. e.g. What caused this to happen? Reduce in degree means to make something smaller in degree
基础英语B 综合教程Book2Uni11 e.g.Ifthe pressure is not reduced.the cylinder is likely to fracture e.g.He put up his prices to offset the increased cost of materials Group3:A.translation B.manuscript C.written text D.cassette tape E.transcript Translation means the product of rendering from one language to another. g.A literal ranslation doesnmean a good translation Mamscripr means a written or typewritten composition or document as distinguished from a printed copy. e.g.He showed me the manuscript of his new play. Written text means written or printed part of a book or page. eg.This is the full written text of the Prime Minister's speech. ape means a plastic cartridge containing magnetic tape with the tape passing from one reel to another e.g.I have lent her three cassette tapes during five davs. Transcript means a written,printed,or typed copy especially a usually typed copy of dictated or recorded material eg.I was not present at the meeting-I'd like a transcript of her speech. Group 4:A.acquire a new identity B.sink in the sea of business C.become bankrupt D.fail in the exam E.go under Acauire a new identiny means to get a new personality of an individual. anew identit in the sea ofbu iness means to be engaged in busines e.g.John sank in the sea of business and he spent little time with his families. Become bankrupt means unable to pay one's debts. e.g.The company became bankrupt because it couldn't sell its pmoducts. Fail in the exc eg.Ipa Go under means to become bankruptor fail e.g.The firm will go under unless business improves. Grammar exercises ns are naming words They give titles to people,places,things,and ideas In English there are different types of nouns.First.nouns can either be common or proper. Common nouns are general nouns.They do not begin with capital letters uless they start sentences. ii)Pron nousare to specific people.places.or Nouns can also be concrete or abstract i)Concrete nouns are used to refer to physical obiects ii)Abstract nouns are used to refer to a guality or idea. Relative pronoun and relative clause
基础英语 B 综合教程 Book 2 Unit 11 7 e.g. If the pressure is not reduced, the cylinder is likely to fracture Offset means to compensate for something or balance something. e.g. He put up his prices to offset the increased cost of materials. Group 3: A. translation B. manuscript C. written text D. cassette tape E. transcript Translation means the product of rendering from one language to another. e.g. A literal translation doesn’t mean a good translation Manuscript means a written or typewritten composition or document as distinguished from a printed copy. e.g. He showed me the manuscript of his new play. Written text means written or printed part of a book or page. e.g. This is the full written text of the Prime Minister’s speech. Cassette tape means a plastic cartridge containing magnetic tape with the tape passing from one reel to another. e.g. I have lent her three cassette tapes during five days. Transcript means a written, printed, or typed copy especially a usually typed copy of dictated or recorded material. e.g. I was not present at the meeting — I’d like a transcript of her speech. Group 4: A. acquire a new identity B. sink in the sea of business C. become bankrupt D. fail in the exam E. go under Acquire a new identity means to get a new personality of an individual. e.g. The murderer tried to acquire a new identity. Sink in the sea of business means to be engaged in business. e.g. John sank in the sea of business and he spent little time with his families. Become bankrupt means unable to pay one’s debts. e.g. The company became bankrupt because it couldn’t sell its products. Fail in the exam means to be unsuccessful in the exam. e.g. I passed in math but failed in French. Go under means to become bankrupt or fail. e.g. The firm will go under unless business improves. Grammar exercises Definition Nouns are naming words. They give titles to people, places, things, and ideas. In English there are different types of nouns. First, nouns can either be common or proper. i) Common nouns are general nouns. They do not begin with capital letters unless they start sentences. ii) Proper nouns are nouns that refer to specific people, places, or things. They always begin with capital letters. Nouns can also be concrete or abstract. i) Concrete nouns are used to refer to physical objects. ii) Abstract nouns are used to refer to a quality or idea. Relative pronoun and relative clause
基础英语B 综合教程Book2 Unit 11 Relative pronouns perform o fumctions at the same time.They take the places of nous as Briefly.a subordinate clause is a goup of words that has a subject and a predicate.bu that does not make sense on its own.When a subordinate clause begins with a relative pronoun.we call it a relative clause or a nominal relative clause.The relative pronouns are:who,which,that,what, when,where,and why.They do not change form with gender:person.or mumber Only who changes fomm with case who Objective Whom Possessive whose ataeo西ma5 of same relative pronouns.Contemporary grammarians refer to subordinate clauses that modify nouns,pronouns,or other nominal as relative clauses.Relative pronouns used in relative clauses alvays have antecedents In the first example.the relative pronoun who introduces the relative clause who took our tickets. The relative clause describes the subject of the sentence.the guy.That ticket-taker is creepy In the second example,the relative pronoun that introduces the relative clause that broke the air a recor-breaker Compound relative pronoun The expanded form of the relative pronouns -whoever whomever whatever-are known as indefinite relative pronouns. whatever or what ever er in s ntences such as Whatev r(or What ever)made her say that Critics have occasionally objected to the form.bu many espected writers have used it.The same is true of the forms whoever whenever wherever and however However you must use the one-word form when whatever is used as an adjective:Take whatever (not what everl hooks vou need whatever and commas When a clause beginning with whatever is the subject fa sentence.do not use a commo Whatever you do is right.Otherwise.a comma isfie:Whatever youdo.don'bum the toast 2.never with that: When the nhrase pceding a mstrictive clause is intmduced by whichever or whatever that should not be used in formal writing.it is regarded as incorrect to write whatever book that want to look at will be sent to your office or Whichever kcosts less (not that costs less)is finewith us
基础英语 B 综合教程 Book 2 Unit 11 8 Relative pronouns perform two functions at the same time. They take the places of nouns as normal pronouns would, but they also connect those replaced nouns to subordinate clauses. Briefly, a subordinate clause is a group of words that has a subject and a predicate, but that does not make sense on its own. When a subordinate clause begins with a relative pronoun, we call it a relative clause or a nominal relative clause. The relative pronouns are: who, which, that, what, when, where, and why. They do not change form with gender, person, or number. Only who changes form with case: Nominative who Objective Whom Possessive whose Relative Pronouns in Relative Clauses Many of the subordinate clauses that relative pronouns introduce modify the antecedents of these same relative pronouns. Contemporary grammarians refer to subordinate clauses that modify nouns, pronouns, or other nominal as relative clauses. Relative pronouns used in relative clauses always have antecedents. The guy who took our tickets gave me the creeps. We saw the plane that broke the air speed record. In the first example, the relative pronoun who introduces the relative clause who took our tickets. The relative clause describes the subject of the sentence, the guy. That ticket-taker is creepy. In the second example, the relative pronoun that introduces the relative clause that broke the air speed record. The relative clause modifies the direct object plane in the main clause. The plane is a record-breaker. Compound relative pronoun The expanded form of the relative pronouns — whoever, whomever, whatever — are known as indefinite relative pronouns. whatever or what ever: You can use either whatever or what ever in sentences such as Whatever (or What ever) made her say that? Critics have occasionally objected to the one-word form, but many respected writers have used it. The same is true of the forms whoever, whenever, wherever, and however. However, you must use the one-word form when whatever is used as an adjective: Take whatever (not what ever) books you need. 1. whatever and commas: When a clause beginning with whatever is the subject of a sentence, do not use a comma: Whatever you do is right. Otherwise, a comma is fine: Whatever you do, don’t burn the toast. 2. never with that: When the phrase preceding a restrictive clause is introduced by whichever or whatever, that should not be used in formal writing. It is regarded as incorrect to write whatever book that you want to look at; instead you should write: Whatever book you want to look at will be sent to your office or Whichever book costs less (not that costs less) is fine with us
基础英语B 综合教程Book2Uni11 Unit 11 Unit 11 Letter to a B Student-4 Time table-100 minutes Stages Contents Obiectives Activities Time Morning report News report Get to the world around Individual 5 mins them report Text2 Lead-in Prepare the students for the 10 mins topic Comprehension Understand the text better 40 mins questions Break Oral translation To practice translating Q&A 30 mins Exercises skills Writing practice 20 mins Homework Review and preview Morning report Oral activities Regarding grades,opinions are divided.Some people think grades are important becaus they are true reflections of the ability and the academic achievement of the students and have to do with their future;others think that while grades are necessary,they do not mean everything and should not be overemphasized. 2.Plagiarism,which is a form of intellectual dishonesty,is now seriously corroding the integrity in academic fields The discussion can be based on the following aspects. 1)Grades are important.They're the true reflections of the ability and the academic achievement 2)Grades should not be overemphasized. Group A thinks grades are important because they are true refections of the ability and the academic achievement of the students and would determine their future.Group B thinks that while grades are necessary,they do not mean everything and should not be overemphasized. Group A:Grades are important.Higher grades mean better career,better opportunity and better future.What can rely on if he knows nothing about What can he know about you except the ability reflected in your transeript?What can he entrust you fo unless judging from your transcript?The employer is busy so that he has no time to make personal meeting with you and spend a lot of time discovering what you are and what you can do.If you were an employer,what could you do before thousands of or even millions of job applicants who are ready to tell you how qualified they are for the job?You could do nothing but survey their transcripts quickly and find out the person you need S:I got another B in English. P:What!Why can'tyou tell me another grade?It's always been
基础英语 B 综合教程 Book 2 Unit 11 9 Unit 11 Unit 11 Letter to a B Student - 4 Time table - 100 minutes Stages Contents Objectives Activities Time Morning report News report Get to the world around them Individual report 5 mins Text 2 Lead-in Prepare the students for the topic 10 mins Comprehension questions Understand the text better 40 mins Break Exercises Oral translation To practice translating skills Q & A 30 mins Writing practice 20 mins Homework Review and preview Morning report Oral activities Regarding grades, opinions are divided. Some people think grades are important because they are true reflections of the ability and the academic achievement of the students and have to do with their future; others think that while grades are necessary, they do not mean everything and should not be overemphasized. 2. Plagiarism, which is a form of intellectual dishonesty, is now seriously corroding the integrity in academic fields. The discussion can be based on the following aspects. 1) Grades are important. They’re the true reflections of the ability and the academic achievement. 2) Grades should not be overemphasized. Group A thinks grades are important because they are true reflections of the ability and the academic achievement of the students and would determine their future. Group B thinks that while grades are necessary, they do not mean everything and should not be overemphasized. Group A: Grades are important. Higher grades mean better career, better opportunity and better future. What can the employer rely on if he knows nothing about you? What can he know about you except the ability reflected in your transcript? What can he entrust you to unless judging from your transcript? The employer is busy so that he has no time to make personal meeting with you and spend a lot of time discovering what you are and what you can do. If you were an employer, what could you do before thousands of or even millions of job applicants who are ready to tell you how qualified they are for the job? You could do nothing but survey their transcripts quickly and find out the person you need. S: I got another B in English. P: What! Why can’t you tell me another grade? It’s always been
基础英语B 综合教程Book2Unit1L like that.Always B. S:Next timeI will surely give you another grade.How about C? P:If you dare. S:I have tried my best.Who can imagine it is so tough. P:If you had prepared well,you would have been much better. S:No one got A this time.B is the best. P:Oh!Really?Doyou think you are the best? S:Ofeours not P:Ok.Go out and have your fun. Oral translation Writing practice
基础英语 B 综合教程 Book 2 Unit 11 10 like that. Always B. S: Next time I will surely give you another grade. How about C? P: If you dare. S: I have tried my best. Who can imagine it is so tough. P: If you had prepared well, you would have been much better. S: No one got A this time. B is the best. P: Oh! Really? Do you think you are the best? S: Of course not. P: Ok. Go out and have your fun. Oral translation Writing practice