《综合英语》课程教学资源（教案讲义）Book 4 Unit 8 The Monter.doc_大学文库

基础英语 D 综合教程 Book 4 Unit 8 2 Unit 8 The Monter - 1 Time table - 100 minutes Stages Contents Objectives Activities Time Morning report News report Get to know the world around them 5 mins Recitation Unit 8 text 1 Consolidate the words and practice speaking Chain work 10 mins HW checking Show their ideas and understandings GW 25 Comments on the exam On exercises in each unit 10 mins Break Reading 1 Pre-stage Lead-in discussion Prepare the students for the coming topic Question and answer 10 mins Gist of text 1 Summarize the main idea 5 mins While-stage Scanning the text Individual & PB 30mins Homework Work on the vocab by themselves For better comprehending of the text on linguistic level 5 mins Morning report(5 mins) Comments on the exam (10 mins) Text 1 I. Lead-in: Play music, and introduce Richard Wagner. He was born in Leipzig（莱比锡）on May 1813 and died in Venice on 13 February 1883. He regarded himself as “the most German of men” and “the German spirit”. During his life he created 13 operas and numerous other compositions. He inevitably influences our understanding of German culture and history. His name has been connected to almost all the major trends in German history of the 19th and 20th centuries. At his time, he was a source of debate and controversy. When Wagner died in 1883, over 10.000 books and articles were written about him. As a man, Wagner was prepared to sacrifice his family and friends in the cause of his own music, some characterizing him as a sociopath. But when viewed as a composer alone, he was undoubtedly a man of great genius. Just as one of the critics says, “Wagner was a miserable failure as a human being, but as the master of the Music Drama, he was without equal.” 2. Pre-reading questions 1) In your opinion, what is a monster? Markedly unusual/ powerful/ strange/ horrible/terrible. 2) What kind of man do you compare to a monster? Can you give some examples? With markedly unusual appearance/ very different from the average people in behavior/ odd in the personality/ having particular gift for something /very cruel

基础英语D 综合教程Book4Unit8 unwavering commitment to honesty and civil service.Underlying these traits is also a genuine,heartfelt kindness that is frequently complimented by all the travelers.Combe observes:"We have found the servants and landlords in the inns of New England cold and reserved in their manners".However,he goes on to attest to their intrinsic amicability and overall kindness and sees their serious manner asa mant of their way,Alexander Farkas sees the removal of artificiality and the political responsibility that is part of being a citizen in a democratic nation as the main reasons for the Americans'stiffness. "They are unschooled in the nuances of etiquette,their bodies are stiff,unbending,they do not know how to express ioy or sorrow in their facial expression.But in spite of coldness or awkwardness there is ething in their eyesand demeanor which h ints at a simple inner dignity.The kindness one senses is the kind of that Juxtaposed to this personal austerity is a pervasive social informality.The travelers recognized the lack of decorum as the direct result of a pragmatic.democratic society.However.they never saw its conflict with the stern personalities of the Americans.Alexander Farkas is astonished and pleased with what he regards as a lack of"surface veneer".When he pays a visit to President Jackson he is overwhelmed with he absence of decorum "His simple manners and friendly behavior made us forget we were talking to the chief executive of thirteen million people. II.Structural analysis Paragraphs1-2 the first life the author has,which is about strugging to make a life and the pleasant dream Paragraphs 3-5 the second life the author has,which is about his disease and the effect of the 14 steps to him rhor which bout he help be reevod froma bin man and his daughter when his car didn't work Paragraphs9-10 the author's reflection on the incident and his life philosophy III Comprehension questions 2)Structure Part I(Para.1-10)a description of Richard Wagner as a horrible monster in his appearance and personality Part2(Para.ll-l3) adescription of Richard Wagner as a great genius ds and express ions describing Wagner as a monster delusions of grandeur/monster of conceit/believed himself to be one of the greatest dramatists,one of the greatest thinkers,one of the greatest composers/most exhausting conversationalist/right in so many ways/had theories about almost any subiect under the sun/almost innocent of any sense of resnonsibility/an endless procession of wo omen Words and esribing g Wagner as a great genius right all the time/one of the world's greatest dramatists/a great thinker/one of the most stupendous musical geniuses.the world has ever seen/owe him a living 4

基础英语 D 综合教程 Book 4 Unit 8 4 unwavering commitment to honesty and civil service. Underlying these traits is also a genuine, heartfelt kindness that is frequently complimented by all the travelers. Combe observes: “We have found the servants and landlords in the inns of New England cold and reserved in their manners”. However, he goes on to attest to their intrinsic amicability and overall kindness and sees their serious manner as a remnant of their Puritan origins. In the same way, Alexander Farkas sees the removal of artificiality and the political responsibility that is part of being a citizen in a democratic nation as the main reasons for the Americans’ stiffness. “They are unschooled in the nuances of etiquette, their bodies are stiff, unbending; they do not know how to express joy or sorrow in their facial expression. But in spite of coldness or awkwardness there is something in their eyes and demeanor which hints at a simple inner dignity. The kindness one senses is the kind of genuine sentiment that cannot be acquired by artifice.” Juxtaposed to this personal austerity is a pervasive social informality. The travelers recognized the lack of decorum as the direct result of a pragmatic, democratic society. However, they never saw its conflict with the stern personalities of the Americans. Alexander Farkas is astonished and pleased with what he regards as a lack of “surface veneer”. When he pays a visit to President Jackson he is overwhelmed with the absence of decorum. “His simple manners and friendly behavior made us forget we were talking to the chief executive of thirteen million people.” II. Structural analysis Paragraphs 1 – 2 the first life the author has, which is about struggling to make a life and the pleasant dream Paragraphs 3 – 5 the second life the author has, which is about his disease and the effect of the 14 steps to him Paragraphs 6 – 8 the third life the author has, which is about the help he received from a blind man and his daughter when his car didn’t work Paragraphs 9 – 10 the author’s reflection on the incident and his life philosophy III Comprehension questions 2) Structure Part 1 (Para. 1-10) a description of Richard Wagner as a horrible monster in his appearance and personality Part 2 (Para. 11-13) a description of Richard Wagner as a great genius Words and expressions describing Wagner as a monster: delusions of grandeur/ monster of conceit/ believed himself to be one of the greatest dramatists, one of the greatest thinkers, one of the greatest composers/ most exhausting conversationalist/ right in so many ways/ had theories about almost any subject under the sun/ almost innocent of any sense of responsibility/ an endless procession of women Words and expressions describing Wagner as a great genius: right all the time/ one of the world’s greatest dramatists/ a great thinker/ one of the most stupendous musical geniuses.the world has ever seen/ owe him a living

基础英语D 综合教程Book4Unt8 3)Exercises Decide which of the following best states the author's purpose of writing. a To criticize Richard Wagner for his distasteful characteristics. b.To probe into the reasons why Wagner had such unpleasant characteristics .To argue that Wagner'scontribtions and creativity render forgivable his displeasing characteristics Judge the text whether the following statements fase a.Believing himself to be a mixture of a great dramatist.a great composer and a great thinker.Wagner enioved showing himself off but allowed for no disagreement. b.He was an emotionally stable man in general though he sometimes showed extreme emotions in life. Wagner was inocent in terms of liabilities despite the fact that he was mostly dependent upon oher for a living. d.In Wagner's life quite a few women came to him because they were attracted by his high renown and then left him because they were intolerant of his monstrous personality e.To the author,Wagner's beliefs,words and conducts are all justifiable on the ground of his contributions and creativity.and thus subiect to no criticism f.Wagner was a monster in the sense that the tremendous creative e power within him worked in an extremel onstructive manner without crushing his poor brain and body along the way. 4.Detailed Text Analysis 4.I Language points and difficult sentences 1)And he had delusions of grandeur. And he had a false belief that he was aman of importance ocial importanc blef inonefre 2)Never for one minute did he look at the world or at people,except in relation to himself He never concerned/cared about the world or other people,except that they had relationship with him in relation to:concerning:with regard to e.g :Ihave alot y in relatio on to your thesis 3)To hear him talk,he was Shakesp eare,and Beethoven,and Plato,rolled intoon +He was often heard to boast of being a genius with a combined quality of Shakespeare.the greatest dramatist,Beethoven,the greatest composer,and Plato,the greatest philosopher. roll into one:integrate several thingsor features into one he his assistan He had an extremely strong desire of being right a mania (for doing something):an excessive enthusiasm or desire e.g.:The girl has a mania for following the fashion ment,froma one,on the most trivial was enough to set him off ho oursin which he proved him point f right inso many ways,and ith exhausting volubility,that in the end his hearer,stunned and deafened,would agree with him,for the sake of peace. If anyone had small disagreement with him on a point,no matter how unimportant the point was,he would make a lengthy speech for hours to prove himself right in many ways,and he talked so much that in the end his hearer was shocked and tired of his talking in order to let him stop talking would agree with him. for the sake of:a.for the good or advantage of

基础英语 D 综合教程 Book 4 Unit 8 5 3) Exercises Decide which of the following best states the author’s purpose of writing. a. To criticize Richard Wagner for his distasteful characteristics. b. To probe into the reasons why Wagner had such unpleasant characteristics. c. To argue that Wagner’s contributions and creativity render forgivable his displeasing characteristics. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false. a. Believing himself to be a mixture of a great dramatist, a great composer and a great thinker, Wagner enjoyed showing himself off but allowed for no disagreement. b. He was an emotionally stable man in general though he sometimes showed extreme emotions in life. c. Wagner was innocent in terms of liabilities despite the fact that he was mostly dependent upon others for a living. d. In Wagner’s life quite a few women came to him because they were attracted by his high renown and then left him because they were intolerant of his monstrous personality e. To the author, Wagner’s beliefs, words and conducts are all justifiable on the ground of his contributions and creativity, and thus subject to no criticism. f. Wagner was a monster in the sense that the tremendous creative power within him worked in an extremely constructive manner without crushing his poor brain and body along the way. 4. Detailed Text Analysis 4.1 Language points and difficult sentences 1) And he had delusions of grandeur. →And he had a false belief that he was a man of importance. grandeur: high rank of social importance delusion of grandeur: a false belief in oneself as a person with great beauty, power, or intelligence, etc. 2) Never for one minute did he look at the world or at people, except in relation to himself. →He never concerned/ cared about the world or other people, except that they had relationship with him. in relation to: concerning; with regard to e.g.: I have a lot to say in relation to your thesis. 3) To hear him talk, he was Shakespeare, and Beethoven, and Plato, rolled into one. →He was often heard to boast of being a genius with a combined quality of Shakespeare, the greatest dramatist, Beethoven, the greatest composer, and Plato, the greatest philosopher. roll into one: integrate several things or features into one e.g.: She has become his assistant and secretary rolled into one 4) He had a mania for being in the right. →He had an extremely strong desire of being right. a mania (for doing something): an excessive enthusiasm or desire e.g.: The girl has a mania for following the fashion. 5) The slightest hint of disagreement, from anyone, on the most trivial point, was enough to set him off on a harangue that might last for hours, in which he proved himself right in so many ways, and with such exhausting volubility, that in the end his hearer, stunned and deafened, would agree with him, for the sake of peace. →If anyone had small disagreement with him on a point, no matter how unimportant the point was, he would make a lengthy speech for hours to prove himself right in many ways; and he talked so much that in the end his hearer, who was shocked and tired of his talking, in order to let him stop talking, would agree with him. for the sake of: a. for the good or advantage of

基础英语D 综合教程Book4Unit8 e.g:If you won't do it for the sake of yourself,then do it for the sake of me. =Ifyou don't do it for your own sake,then do it for mine. We should work hard for the sake of our country. b.for the purpose of;in order to get or keep I'give up smoking for the 6)It never occurred to him that he and his doing were not of the most intense and fascinating interest to anyone with whom he came in contact. -He never thought that people who kept in touch with him were not very interested in him and his doing 7)When he felt out of ors he would rave and stamp.or sink into suicidal gloom and talk darkly of goingto the East toend his days as a Buddhist mon When he was in a bad temper,he would talk wildly and stamp his foot,or fall into a gloomy state of wanting to kill himself and talk gloomily of going to the East to spend the last part of his life as a Buddhist monk eg :She has the birth of her baby He's always out of sorts early in the morning. rave:talk wildly as if mad e.g.:Father is raving at/against the Government again. rant and rave(at sb./sth):(idiom)condemn sb./sth.loudly and forcefully sink into suicidal gloom:fall into a gloomy state which es one wish to kill himself darkly:a mysterou e.g.She hinted darkly at strange event b.gloomily e g:He spoke darkly of possible future disaster 8)He cou be gief-stricken over the death of a pet dog.and coud be callous and heartless toadege that wouldh ve ma e Roman emperor shude He could be in deep sorrow over the death of a pet dog and could be so merciless that even the cruel Roman emperor would have felt fearful erief-stricken'overcome by deep sorrow callous:unkind.without feelings for the sufferings of the other people shudde shak e uncontrollably r strongdislike gShe shuddered at the sight of the dead body 9)He was innocent of any sense of responsibility.He was convinced that the world owed him a living. He had no sense of responsibility.He firmly believed that the world had to support him for a living. (be)innocent (of):uninformed:unaware:ignorant mes go eling without shame.a others loftil tor to the privile being motally offen recipient declined the honor He wrote large numbers of letters begging for money.In his letters sometimes he was servile without shame,and at other times he loftily offered his targeted benefactor the privilege of contributing to his support If the recipient refused to accept his offer,ierefused to lend him money,he would fly into a rage by the score:large numbers of;a great many grovel:be shamefully humble and eager to please 6

基础英语 D 综合教程 Book 4 Unit 8 6 e.g.: If you won’t do it for the sake of yourself, then do it for the sake of me. ＝If you don’t do it for your own sake, then do it for mine. We should work hard for the sake of our country. b. for the purpose of; in order to get or keep e.g.: I’ll give up smoking for the sake of health. 6) It never occurred to him that he and his doing were not of the most intense and fascinating interest to anyone with whom he came in contact. →He never thought that people who kept in touch with him were not very interested in him and his doing. 7) When he felt out of sorts, he would rave and stamp, or sink into suicidal gloom and talk darkly of going to the East to end his days as a Buddhist monk. →When he was in a bad temper, he would talk wildly and stamp his foot, or fall into a gloomy state of wanting to kill himself and talk gloomily of going to the East to spend the last part of his life as a Buddhist monk. out of sorts: in a bad temper; feeling unwell or annoyed e.g.: She has been out of sorts since the birth of her baby. He’s always out of sorts early in the morning. rave: talk wildly as if mad e.g.: Father is raving at/against the Government again. rant and rave (at sb./sth): (idiom) condemn sb./sth. loudly and forcefully sink into suicidal gloom: fall into a gloomy state which makes one wish to kill himself darkly: a. mysteriously e.g.: She hinted darkly at strange event. b. gloomily e.g.: He spoke darkly of possible future disaster. 8) He could be grief-stricken over the death of a pet dog, and could be callous and heartless to a degree that would have made a Roman emperor shudder. →He could be in deep sorrow over the death of a pet dog, and could be so merciless that even the cruel Roman emperor would have felt fearful. grief-stricken: overcome by deep sorrow callous: unkind; without feelings for the sufferings of the other people shudder: shake uncontrollably from fear, cold, or strong dislike e.g.: She shuddered at the sight of the dead body. 9) He was innocent of any sense of responsibility. He was convinced that the world owed him a living. →He had no sense of responsibility. He firmly believed that the world had to support him for a living. (be) innocent (of): uninformed; unaware; ignorant 10) He wrote begging letters by the score, sometimes groveling without shame, at others loftily offering his intended benefactor to the privilege of contributing to his support, and being mortally offended if the recipient declined the honor. →He wrote large numbers of letters begging for money. In his letters sometimes he was servile without shame, and at other times he loftily offered his targeted benefactor the privilege of contributing to his support. If the recipient refused to accept his offer, i.e. refused to lend him money, he would fly into a rage. by the score: large numbers of; a great many grovel: be shamefully humble and eager to please

基础英语 D 综合教程 Book 4 Unit 8 7 at others: at other times 11) What money he could lay his hands on he spent like an Indian rajah. →He spent all the money he could get hold of as extravagantly as an Indian prince did. 4.2 Rhetorical features of the text In this text, the author does not mention the name of the person he is talking about until the 10th paragraph. The pronoun he is used again and again to refer forward to Richard Wagner. The repetitious use of the third person pronoun he creates suspense in the reader’s mind. This is one of the effective ways to hold the reader’s attention and make him move on. 5. Exercises Unit 8 The Monter - 3 Time table - 100 minutes Stages Contents Objectives Activities Time Morning report News report Get to the world around them Individual report 5 mins Discussion Review the knowledge of 15 mins Role play Understand how the text is constructed 30 mins Break Exercises Word comparison To get students practice the words and phrases learnt on the topis Q & A 15 mins Gram 15 mins Exercises 20 mins Homework reading extensively on the net about the topic Morning report III Word comparison Group 1: A. steer B. control C. start D. carry E. hold Steer means to make (someone or something) go in a particular direction. I’d like to steer our discussion back to our original topic. Control means to order, limit, instruct, or rule (something or someone’s actions or behavior). You are going to have to learn to control that temper of yours! Start means to (cause to) go into a state of (movement operation, or activity). All our machinery was lost in the fire, so we had to start from scratch. Carry means to act as the means by which (a person or thing) is moved from one place to another. The railway system carries over 25% of the country’s goods traffic. Hold means to stay in or keep something in a particular place, position, or state. She held the lid down while I locked the suitcase. Group 2: A. swerve B. bump C. hit D. turn E. stop

基础英语D 综合教程Book4Unit8 Swerve means to change direction,esp.,suddenly. The bus driver swerved to avoid hitting the cyclists Bump means to hit or knock against (something.esp.something solid and heavy)with force or violence. The driver bumped the kerb while reversing. He's been hit in the leg by a sniper's bullet Tum means to(cause to)change the direction in which you are facing or moving. Ifyou turn over you might find it easier to get to sleep. Stop means to (cause to)finish moving or doing (something).or to (cause to)end They stopped dead in their tracks when they s the bull chan ng towards them. Group3:A.jerk B.take C.pull D.grab Jerk means to(cause someone or something to)make a short sudden movement. The car made a strange noise and then ierked to a halt. Take means to move (something)away.esp.without permission.or to remove (esp.clothes) Here is your pen:I took it by mistake. ns to move(something)towards yourself sometimes with great physical effort He pulled the chair aay from the desk Grab means to take hold of(something or someone)suddenly and roughly;to take or have quickly He just grabbed the bag from my hand and ran off. Catch means to take hold of something I managed to catch the glass before it hit the ground Group 4:A.slacken B.tighten D.fasten E loosen Slacken means to make or become slack(not pulled tight). The train slackened speed as we approached the station. Tighten means to become tight(closely fastened held knotted etc She's lost her job so she had to tighten her belt. Untie means to unfa en(aknotor something tight) Could someone help Joe untie his shoelace.please Fasten means to make or become firmly fixed together or in position,or closed. The tabloid newspapers have fastened on popular psychology Loosen means to r ou should akeor become less frm,fixed,tight,etc les before playing any spor E.disassemble Install means to put (a large piece of equipment)in a place,esp.to put (a machine)in a place and connect it to the electricity/gas/water/etc.supply,so that it is ready for use. The company will design.supply and install your new kitchen. Check me s to make certain that (something or someone)is correct,safeor suitable by examining it them quickly I have checked her references and she seems very suitable for the job Set means to prepare or arrange something for use. Repair means to put (something damaged.broken.or not working correctly)back into good condition or make it work again;to mend. Can the damage done to imtemational relations be paired? Disassemble means to take apart. disassemble a watch

基础英语 D 综合教程 Book 4 Unit 8 8 Swerve means to change direction, esp., suddenly. The bus driver swerved to avoid hitting the cyclists. Bump means to hit or knock against (something, esp. something solid and heavy) with force or violence. The driver bumped the kerb while reversing. Hit means to strike somebody or something with a blow, missile, etc. He’s been hit in the leg by a sniper’s bullet. Turn means to (cause to) change the direction in which you are facing or moving. If you turn over you might find it easier to get to sleep. Stop means to (cause to) finish moving or doing (something), or to (cause to) end They stopped dead in their tracks when they saw the bull charging towards them. Group 3: A. jerk B. take C. pull D. grab E. catch Jerk means to (cause someone or something to) make a short sudden movement. The car made a strange noise and then jerked to a halt. Take means to move (something) away, esp. without permission, or to remove (esp. clothes). Here is your pen; I took it by mistake. Pull means to move (something) towards yourself, sometimes with great physical effort. He pulled the chair away from the desk. Grab means to take hold of (something or someone) suddenly and roughly; to take or have quickly. He just grabbed the bag from my hand and ran off. Catch means to take hold of something. I managed to catch the glass before it hit the ground. Group 4: A. slacken B. tighten C. untie D. fasten E. loosen Slacken means to make or become slack (not pulled tight). The train slackened speed as we approached the station. Tighten means to become tight (closely fastened, held knotted etc.). She’s lost her job so she had to tighten her belt. Untie means to unfasten (a knot or something tight). Could someone help Joe untie his shoelace, please? Fasten means to make or become firmly fixed together or in position, or closed. The tabloid newspapers have fastened on popular psychology. Loosen means to make or become less firm, fixed, tight, etc. You should loosen up your muscles before playing any sport. Group 5: A. install B. check C. set D. repair E. disassemble Install means to put (a large piece of equipment) in a place, esp. to put (a machine) in a place and connect it to the electricity/gas/water/etc. supply, so that it is ready for use. The company will design, supply and install your new kitchen. Check means to make certain that (something or someone) is correct, safe or suitable by examining it or them quickly. I have checked her references and she seems very suitable for the job. Set means to prepare or arrange something for use. Repair means to put (something damaged, broken, or not working correctly) back into good condition or make it work again; to mend. Can the damage done to international relations be repaired? Disassemble means to take apart. disassemble a watch