Unit 15 The Land and the Peoples of the Dreaming (澳大利亚的地理特征和怀有“梦创信仰”的民族) 一、本单元重点内容 】.Then或ural envi中onment of Australia(澳大利亚的自然环境) 2.Dis过inctive features of the land(这片士地的特征) 3.Distinctive animals of the land(这片土地上独特的动物 4.The indigenous peoples(原著民) 5.Dreaming and Dreamtime梦创信仰和~梦创时代门 6.The coecept of Terra Nullius(“无人拥有的土地”的概么) 7.Impact of colonization on the indigenous peoples(殖民化对原著民的冲) &.Policies of segregation and assimi城ion(种族隔离政策和同化政策) 二、本单元重、难点辅导 L.The natural environment of Australia(澳大利亚的自然环境) Australia is the largest isand(最大的岛the smalles,flattest and driest continent in the world(最 小、最平和最干的大陆).The country also includes Tasmania塔斯马尼亚岛，an island just to the south the Torres Straits Islands(托雷斯海峡岛与)off the northern coast of the mainland and a small number of islands in the Pacific and the Indian Occans.0%of Australia's population lives in the eastern.southern nd southwestem borders of the country and in Mediterranean and temperme climates温替地中海型气 候) 2.Distinctive features of the land这片土地的特征 Two of the country's most distinctive physical features are the Great Dividing Range(大分水岭 which extends as an almost unbroken series of plateaus down the East Coast of Australia,from northern Queensland,through New South Wales and into Victoria(大分水铃沿着大陆的东部边锋。从昆士兰省的 开始。锦廷不斯，形成一系列几乎不间斯的高地，一直穿过到新南咸尔士省和推多利亚省，延伸到 塔斯马尼亚南部海边)nd the Great Barrier Ree大堡el国e以coral structure in the wodd, which extends along he cost of Queensland. ·Uuru(y台Rock)(澳大利亚中部一块在平坦的沙 湖中天然彩成的红色花岗岩巨石)一Lcc减ed in the flat desert of the center of Australia.it is the largest monolith 块巨石)in the world.It is a holy place for the Aboriginal people living around它是原住民部落的圣地).It is also called Ayers Rock by white settlers(如右图)（高达34g米
1 Unit 15 The Land and the Peoples of the Dreaming (澳大利亚的地理特征和怀有“梦创信仰”的民族) 一、本单元重点内容 1. The natural environment of Australia (澳大利亚的自然环境) 2. Distinctive features of the land (这片土地的特征) 3. Distinctive animals of the land (这片土地上独特的动物) 4. The indigenous peoples (原著民) 5. Dreaming and Dreamtime (“梦创信仰”和“梦创时代”) 6. The concept of Terra Nullius (“无人拥有的土地”的概念) 7. Impact of colonization on the indigenous peoples (殖民化对原著民的冲击) 8. Policies of segregation and assimilation (种族隔离政策和同化政策) 二、本单元重、难点辅导 1. The natural environment of Australia (澳大利亚的自然环境) Australia is the largest island (最大的岛); the smallest, flattest and driest continent in the world (最 小、最平和最干的大陆). The country also includes Tasmania(塔斯马尼亚岛), an island just to the south, the Torres Straits Islands (托雷斯海峡岛屿) off the northern coast of the mainland and a small number of islands in the Pacific and the Indian Oceans. 80% of Australia’s population lives in the eastern, southern and southwestern borders of the country and in Mediterranean and temperate climates(温带地中海型气 候). 2. Distinctive features of the land (这片土地的特征) Two of the country’s most distinctive physical features are the Great Dividing Range (大分水岭), which extends as an almost unbroken series of plateaus down the East Coast of Australia, from northern Queensland, through New South Wales and into Victoria (大分水岭沿着大陆的东部边缘，从昆士兰省的 开始，绵延不断，形成一系列几乎不间断的高地，一直穿过到新南威尔士省和维多利亚省，延伸到 塔斯马尼亚南部海边) and the Great Barrier Reef(大堡礁), the largest coral structure in the world, which extends along he coast of Queensland. * Uluru (Ayes Rock) (澳大利亚中部一块在平坦的沙 漠中天然形成的红色花岗岩巨石) — Located in the flat desert of the center of Australia, it is the largest monolith (独 块巨石)in the world. It is a holy place for the Aboriginal people living around it(它是原住民部落的圣地). It is also called Ayers Rock by white settlers.(如右图) (高达 348 米
圆周竟然达9.4公里) Devi出Mbls(魔鬼大理石：位于满大利亚中部，北方领 士内，巨大的花岗岩巨石叠摞在一起，颜为壮观。同时这里也 是当地原住民的圣地，他们认为这些巨石是他们的相先彩虹蛇 的卵。（如右图） 3.Distinctive animals of the land(这片土地上独特的动物 Australia's distinctive flora and fauna evolved through its long period as an island continent 亚粒特的动植物群是由其大陆岛的地理特征逐渐演变形成的).Anim当unique to the continent include. hep山tyPu可鸭嘴普)，ka题garoo(袋限)kola树袋能)and wombat(毛鼻袋佩).（如下图） 鸭嘴兽 袋鼠 树袋韩 毛鼻袋鼠 4.The indigenous peoples(原著民) Since the First Fleet bringing the first convicts (to Australia amrived in 1788.there have boen only 8 generations of'settlers.However.there have been at least 18.500 generations of the Peoples of the Dreaming since47,000 years ag0.自从要，17料年英国载着罪纪的第一批舰队到达澳大利亚以米，一 共才只经过了8代人，而梦创时代的后人（即原住民）从47.000年前开始已有18,500代人在这片士地 上生活 Young indigenous women were foreed to help the white settlers in sealing拍错海的).which was one of the first industries of Australia White sealers and pastoralists exploited indigenous people's knowledge of the land and ereated wealth for the coloni2cr以铺沿海豹者和大牧场主剥刚性抽利用了星住民对土地 2
2 圆周竟然达 9.4 公里) Devils Marbles (魔鬼大理石) ：位于澳大利亚中部，北方领 土内，巨大的花岗岩巨石叠摞在一起，颇为壮观。同时这里也 是当地原住民的圣地，他们认为这些巨石是他们的祖先彩虹蛇 的卵。(如右图) 3. Distinctive animals of the land (这片土地上独特的动物) Australia’s distinctive flora and fauna evolved through its long period as an island continent (澳大利 亚独特的动植物群是由其大陆岛的地理特征逐渐演变形成的)。Animals unique to the continent include: the platypus(鸭嘴兽), kangaroo (袋鼠), koala(树袋熊) and wombat(毛鼻袋鼠)。(如下图) 鸭嘴兽 袋鼠 树袋熊 毛鼻袋鼠 4. The indigenous peoples (原著民) Since the First Fleet bringing the first convicts (罪犯) to Australia arrived in 1788, there have been only 8 generations of settlers. However, there have been at least 18,500 generations of the Peoples of the Dreaming since 47,000 years ago. 自从要、1788 年英国载着罪犯的第一批舰队到达澳大利亚以来，一 共才只经过了 8 代人，而梦创时代的后人(即原住民)从 47,000 年前开始已有 18,500 代人在这片土地 上生活。 Young indigenous women were forced to help the white settlers in sealing(捕猎海豹), which was one of the first industries of Australia. White sealers and pastoralists exploited indigenous people’s knowledge of the land and created wealth for the colonizers(捕猎海豹者和大牧场主剥削性地利用了原住民对土地
的理解，为殖民者嫌取财富) 5,Dreaming and Dreamtime一梦创信仰”和“梦创时代" The Dreaming is the belief system from ancient times that has hound indigenous groups together.The central principle of the Dreaming is that the poople who hve on the continent have special responsibilities to the land The people don't own the land,instead the land owns the people.The stories of the Dreaming provide principles of how people should live and interact with cach other.They also provide knowledge of the land so that the indigenous people can survive in the life-threatening environment.The Dreaming privileges the guardianship0 wer the ownership of the land“梦创信得”重视对土地的保护超过对土地 的拥有权) 6.The concept of Terra Nullius(“无人舞有的土地"的概念) Terra Nullius is from Latin.It means a land that is owned by no one.The British declared the Australian comtinent Terra Nullius to justify their invasion of the indigenous people's land.It served to legitimize their taking possession of the land and devalue the indigenous people as uncivilized and not fully human. 7.Impact of colonization on the indigenous peoples(殖民化对原住民的冲击) I)The indigenous people were dispossessed of the lan被利夺了土地they had lived on for te色of thousands ofyears 2)They were kille型in violent skirmishes and massacres在小冲突和大屠承中被杀害) 3)They contracted the diseases brought by the white settlers and as a result,their population fell dey.(感染上白色殖民者带来的疾病，人口远1速下降) &.Policies of segregation and assimil山tion(种族隔高政策和同化政策 The policy of assimilation was implemented at the beginning of the 20th century It was founded on the belief that the white culture was progressive and superior while the indigenous culture was inferior To implement the policy,indigenous (aboriginal)children were taken away from their parents to be put into protected reserves,whose purpose was to destroy the culture of the Dreaming and replace it with Christianity.The impact of the policy is devastating on the indigenous people as their children grew up losing both their families and culture.In nature.it is the extension of the policy of segregation. 3
3 的理解，为殖民者赚取财富). 5. Dreaming and Dreamtime (“梦创信仰”和“梦创时代”) The Dreaming is the belief system from ancient times that has bound indigenous groups together. The central principle of the Dreaming is that the people who live on the continent have special responsibilities to the land. The people don't own the land, instead the land owns the people. The stories of the Dreaming provide principles of how people should live and interact with each other. They also provide knowledge of the land so that the indigenous people can survive in the life-threatening environment. (* The Dreaming privileges the guardianship over the ownership of the land“梦创信仰”重视对土地的保护超过对土地 的拥有权) 6. The concept of Terra Nullius (“无人拥有的土地”的概念) Terra Nullius is from Latin. It means a land that is owned by no one. The British declared the Australian continent Terra Nullius to justify their invasion of the indigenous people's land. It served to legitimize their taking possession of the land and devalue the indigenous people as uncivilized and not fully human. 7. Impact of colonization on the indigenous peoples (殖民化对原住民的冲击) 1) The indigenous people were dispossessed of the land(被剥夺了土地)they had lived on for tens of thousands of years. 2) They were killed in violent skirmishes and massacres(在小冲突和大屠杀中被杀害) 3) They contracted the diseases brought by the white settlers and as a result, their population fell drastically.(感染上白色殖民者带来的疾病，人口迅速下降) 8. Policies of segregation and assimilation (种族隔离政策和同化政策) The policy of assimilation was implemented at the beginning of the 20th century. It was founded on the belief that the white culture was progressive and superior while the indigenous culture was inferior. To implement the policy, indigenous (aboriginal) children were taken away from their parents to be put into protected reserves, whose purpose was to destroy the culture of the Dreaming and replace it with Christianity. The impact of the policy is devastating on the indigenous people, as their children grew up losing both their families and culture. In nature, it is the extension of the policy of segregation