上海交通大学：《国际私法》课程教学材料（相关法律条文）【中英对照】中华人民共和国涉外民事关系法律适用法.doc_大学文库

Chapter I General Provisions Article 1 This Law is enacted in order to clarify the application of laws concerning foreign-related civil relations, reasonably solve foreign-related civil disputes and safeguard the legal rights and interests of parties. Article 2 The application of laws concerning foreign-related civil relations shall be determined in accordance with this Law. If there are otherwise special provisions in other laws on the application of laws concerning foreign-related civil relations, such provisions shall prevail. If there are no provisions in this Law or other laws on the application of any laws concerning foreign-related civil relations, the laws which have the closest relation with this foreign-related civil relation shall apply. Article 3 The parties may explicitly choose the laws applicable to foreign-related civil relations in accordance with the provisions of law. Article 4 If there are mandatory provisions on foreign-related civil relations in the laws of the People’s Republic of China, these mandatory provisions shall directly apply. Article 5 If the application of foreign laws will damage the social public interests of the People’s Republic of China, the laws of the People’s Republic of China shall apply. Article 6 As for the application of foreign laws on a foreign-related civil relation, if different laws are enforced in different 第五章物权第六章债权第七章知识产权第八章附则第一章一般规定第一条为了明确涉外民事关系的法律适用，合理解决涉外民事争议，维护当事人的合法权益，制定本法。第二条涉外民事关系适用的法律，依照本法确定。其他法律对涉外民事关系法律适用另有特别规定的，依照其规定。本法和其他法律对涉外民事关系法律适用没有规定的，适用与该涉外民事关系有最密切联系的法律。第三条当事人依照法律规定可以明示选择涉外民事关系适用的法律

activities is determined as incompetent for civil acts in accordance with the laws at the habitual residence but is determined as competent for civil acts in accordance with the laws at the locality of the acts,the laws 第十条涉外民事关 at the locality of the acts shall apply unless系适用的外国法律，由人 they are related to marriage,family or 民法院、仲裁机构或者行 inheritance. 政机关查明。当事人选择适用外国法律的，应当提 Article 13 The laws at the habitual 供该国法律。 residence of a natural person shall apply to the declaration of missing or declaration of 不能查明外国法律或 death. 者该国法律没有规定的，适用中华人民共和国法 Article 14 The laws at the locality of 律。 registration shall apply to such items as the civil rights capacities,civil acts capacities,organizational institutions, rights and obligations of shareholders,etc. 第二章民事主体 of a legal person and its branch. If the main business place of a legal person is inconsistent with the locality of registration,the laws of the main business place may apply.The main business place of a 第十一条自然人的 legal person shall be its habitual residence. 民事权利能力，适用经常居所地法律。 Article 15 The laws at the habitual residence of a right holder shall apply to the contents of his right of personality. Article 16 The laws at the locality of 第十二条自然人的 agency act shall apply to agency,but the laws民事行为能力，适用经常 at the locality of agency relation shall apply居所地法律。 to the civil relations between the principal and the agent. 自然人从事民事活动，依照经常居所地法律 The parties concerned may choose the laws 为无民事行为能力，依照 applicable to entrustment of agency by 行为地法律为有民事行为 agreement. 能力的，适用行为地法律，但涉及婚姻家庭、继 Article 17 The parties concerned may choose承的除外。 the laws applicable to trust by agreement.If the parties do not choose,the laws at the

activities is determined as incompetent for civil acts in accordance with the laws at the habitual residence but is determined as competent for civil acts in accordance with the laws at the locality of the acts, the laws at the locality of the acts shall apply unless they are related to marriage, family or inheritance. Article 13 The laws at the habitual residence of a natural person shall apply to the declaration of missing or declaration of death. Article 14 The laws at the locality of registration shall apply to such items as the civil rights capacities, civil acts capacities, organizational institutions, rights and obligations of shareholders, etc. of a legal person and its branch. If the main business place of a legal person is inconsistent with the locality of registration, the laws of the main business place may apply. The main business place of a legal person shall be its habitual residence. Article 15 The laws at the habitual residence of a right holder shall apply to the contents of his right of personality. Article 16 The laws at the locality of agency act shall apply to agency, but the laws at the locality of agency relation shall apply to the civil relations between the principal and the agent. The parties concerned may choose the laws applicable to entrustment of agency by agreement. Article 17 The parties concerned may choose the laws applicable to trust by agreement. If the parties do not choose, the laws at the 第十条涉外民事关系适用的外国法律，由人民法院、仲裁机构或者行政机关查明。当事人选择适用外国法律的，应当提供该国法律。不能查明外国法律或者该国法律没有规定的，适用中华人民共和国法律。第二章民事主体第十一条自然人的民事权利能力，适用经常居所地法律。第十二条自然人的民事行为能力，适用经常居所地法律。自然人从事民事活动，依照经常居所地法律为无民事行为能力，依照行为地法律为有民事行为能力的，适用行为地法律，但涉及婚姻家庭、继承的除外

locality of the trust or of the fiduciary relation shall apply. 第十三条宣告失踪 Article 18 The parties concerned may choose或者宣告死亡，适用自然 the laws applicable to arbitral agreement by 人经常居所地法律。 agreement.If the parties do not choose,the laws at the locality of the arbitral authority or of the arbitration shall apply. Article 19 If the laws of the state of 第十四条法人及其分支机构的民事权利能 nationality are to apply in accordance with 力、民事行为能力、组织 this Law and a natural person has more than 机构、股东权利义务等事 two nationalities,the laws of the state of nationality in which he has a habitual 项，适用登记地法律。 residence shall apply;if he has no habitual residence in any of the states of nationality, 法人的主营业地与登记地不一致的，可以适用 the laws of the state of nationality with which he has the closest relation shall apply. 主营业地法律。法人的经 If a natural person has no nationality or his 常居所地，为其主营业地。 nationality is uncertain,the laws at his habitual residence shall apply. Article 20 If the laws at the habitual residence are to apply in accordance with this 第十五条人格权的 Law and a natural person's habitual residence内容，适用权利人经常居 is uncertain,the laws at his current 所地法律。 residence shall apply. 第十六条代理适用 Chapter III Marriage and Family 代理行为地法律，但被代理人与代理人的民事关 Article 21 The laws at the mutual habitual 系，适用代理关系发生地 residence of the parties shall apply to the 法律。 marriage qualifications;if there is no mutual habitual residence,the laws of the mutual 当事人可以协议选择 state of nationality shall apply;if there is 委托代理适用的法律。 no mutual nationality and the marriage is established at the habitual residence or in the state of nationality of one party,the laws at the locality where the marriage is established shall apply. 第十七条当事人可以协议选择信托适用的法

locality of the trust or of the fiduciary relation shall apply. Article 18 The parties concerned may choose the laws applicable to arbitral agreement by agreement. If the parties do not choose, the laws at the locality of the arbitral authority or of the arbitration shall apply. Article 19 If the laws of the state of nationality are to apply in accordance with this Law and a natural person has more than two nationalities, the laws of the state of nationality in which he has a habitual residence shall apply; if he has no habitual residence in any of the states of nationality, the laws of the state of nationality with which he has the closest relation shall apply. If a natural person has no nationality or his nationality is uncertain, the laws at his habitual residence shall apply. Article 20 If the laws at the habitual residence are to apply in accordance with this Law and a natural person’s habitual residence is uncertain, the laws at his current residence shall apply. Chapter III Marriage and Family Article 21 The laws at the mutual habitual residence of the parties shall apply to the marriage qualifications; if there is no mutual habitual residence, the laws of the mutual state of nationality shall apply; if there is no mutual nationality and the marriage is established at the habitual residence or in the state of nationality of one party, the laws at the locality where the marriage is established shall apply. 第十三条宣告失踪或者宣告死亡，适用自然人经常居所地法律。第十四条法人及其分支机构的民事权利能力、民事行为能力、组织机构、股东权利义务等事项，适用登记地法律。法人的主营业地与登记地不一致的，可以适用主营业地法律。法人的经常居所地，为其主营业地。第十五条人格权的内容，适用权利人经常居所地法律。第十六条代理适用代理行为地法律，但被代理人与代理人的民事关系，适用代理关系发生地法律。当事人可以协议选择委托代理适用的法律。第十七条当事人可以协议选择信托适用的法

Article 22 Marriage formalities shall be 律。当事人没有选择的， valid if they conform to the laws at the 适用信托财产所在地法律 locality where the marriage is established or或者信托关系发生地法 the laws at the habitual residence or of the 律。 state of nationality of one party. Article 23 The laws at the mutual habitual residence shall apply to the personal relation between husband and wife;if there is no 第十八条当事人可 mutual habitual residence,the laws of the 以协议选择仲裁协议适用 mutual state of nationality shall apply. 的法律。当事人没有选择的，适用仲裁机构所在地 Article 24 As for the property relation 法律或者仲裁地法律。 between husband and wife,the parties concerned may choose the applicable laws at the habitual residence,of the state of nationality or at the locality of the main properties of one party by agreement.If the 第十九条依照本法适用国籍国法律，自然人 parties do not choose,the laws at the mutual 具有两个以上国籍的，适 habitual residence shall apply;if there is no 用有经常居所的国籍国法 mutual habitual residence,the laws of the mutual state of nationality shall apply. 律：在所有国籍国均无经常居所的，适用与其有最密切联系的国籍国法律。 Article 25 The laws at the mutual habitual 自然人无国籍或者国籍不 residence shall apply to the personal and 明的，适用其经常居所地 property relations between parents and children;if there is no mutual habitual 法律。 residence,the laws in favor of protecting the rights and interests of the weak in the laws at the habitual residence or of the state of nationality of one party shall apply. 第二十条依照本法适用经常居所地法律，自 Article 26 As for a divorce by agreement, 然人经常居所地不明的， the parties concerned may choose the 适用其现在居所地法律。 applicable laws at the habitual residence or of the state of nationality of one party by agreement.If the parties do not choose,the laws at the mutual habitual residence shall 第三章婚姻家庭 apply;if there is no mutual habitual residence,the laws of the mutual state of nationality shall apply;if there is no mutual nationality,the laws at the locality of the institution handling the divorce formalities shall apply

Article 22 Marriage formalities shall be valid if they conform to the laws at the locality where the marriage is established or the laws at the habitual residence or of the state of nationality of one party. Article 23 The laws at the mutual habitual residence shall apply to the personal relation between husband and wife; if there is no mutual habitual residence, the laws of the mutual state of nationality shall apply. Article 24 As for the property relation between husband and wife, the parties concerned may choose the applicable laws at the habitual residence, of the state of nationality or at the locality of the main properties of one party by agreement. If the parties do not choose, the laws at the mutual habitual residence shall apply; if there is no mutual habitual residence, the laws of the mutual state of nationality shall apply. Article 25 The laws at the mutual habitual residence shall apply to the personal and property relations between parents and children; if there is no mutual habitual residence, the laws in favor of protecting the rights and interests of the weak in the laws at the habitual residence or of the state of nationality of one party shall apply. Article 26 As for a divorce by agreement, the parties concerned may choose the applicable laws at the habitual residence or of the state of nationality of one party by agreement. If the parties do not choose, the laws at the mutual habitual residence shall apply; if there is no mutual habitual residence, the laws of the mutual state of nationality shall apply; if there is no mutual nationality, the laws at the locality of the institution handling the divorce formalities shall apply. 律。当事人没有选择的，适用信托财产所在地法律或者信托关系发生地法律。第十八条当事人可以协议选择仲裁协议适用的法律。当事人没有选择的，适用仲裁机构所在地法律或者仲裁地法律。第十九条依照本法适用国籍国法律，自然人具有两个以上国籍的，适用有经常居所的国籍国法律；在所有国籍国均无经常居所的，适用与其有最密切联系的国籍国法律。自然人无国籍或者国籍不明的，适用其经常居所地法律。第二十条依照本法适用经常居所地法律，自然人经常居所地不明的，适用其现在居所地法律。第三章婚姻家庭

第二十一条结婚条 Article27 The laws at the locality of the件，适用当事人共同经常 court shall apply to a divorce by litigation.居所地法律；没有共同经常居所地的，适用共同国 Article 28 The laws at the habitual 籍国法律：没有共同国 residence of the adopter and the adoptee shall籍，在一方当事人经常居 apply to the qualifications and formalities of所地或者国籍国缔结婚姻 adoption.The laws at the habitual residence的，适用婚姻缔结地法 of the adopter at the time of adoption shall律。 apply to the validity of adoption.The laws at the habitual residence of the adoptee at the time of adoption or at the locality of the court shall apply to the termination of the adoptive relation. 第二十二条结婚手续，符合婚烟缔结地法 Article 29 The laws in favor of protecting 律、一方当事人经常居所 the rights and interests of the persons being 地法律或者国籍国法律 maintained in the laws at the habitual 的，均为有效。 residence,of the state of nationality or at the locality of the main properties of one party shall apply to maintenance. Article 30 The laws in favor of protecting 第二十三条，夫妻人身关系，适用共同经常居 the rights and interests of the persons under guardianship in the laws at the habitual 所地法律；没有共同经常居所地的，适用共同国籍 residence or of the state of nationality of 国法律。 one party shall apply to guardianship. 第二十四条夫妻财 Chapter IV Inheritance 产关系，当事人可以协议选择适用一方当事人经常 Article 31 The laws at the habitual 居所地法律、国籍国法律 residence at the time of death of the deceased或者主要财产所在地法 shall apply to legal inheritance,but the laws律。当事人没有选择的， at the locality of the real estate shal】apply适用共同经常居所地法 to the legal inheritance of a real estate. 律：没有共同经常居所地的，适用共同国籍国法 Article 32 A testament shall be confirmed 律。 as valid if its form conforms to the laws at the habitual residence,of the state of nationality or at the locality of the testamentary acts when the testament is made

Article 27 The laws at the locality of the court shall apply to a divorce by litigation. Article 28 The laws at the habitual residence of the adopter and the adoptee shall apply to the qualifications and formalities of adoption. The laws at the habitual residence of the adopter at the time of adoption shall apply to the validity of adoption. The laws at the habitual residence of the adoptee at the time of adoption or at the locality of the court shall apply to the termination of the adoptive relation. Article 29 The laws in favor of protecting the rights and interests of the persons being maintained in the laws at the habitual residence, of the state of nationality or at the locality of the main properties of one party shall apply to maintenance. Article 30 The laws in favor of protecting the rights and interests of the persons under guardianship in the laws at the habitual residence or of the state of nationality of one party shall apply to guardianship. Chapter IV Inheritance Article 31 The laws at the habitual residence at the time of death of the deceased shall apply to legal inheritance, but the laws at the locality of the real estate shall apply to the legal inheritance of a real estate. Article 32 A testament shall be confirmed as valid if its form conforms to the laws at the habitual residence, of the state of nationality or at the locality of the testamentary acts when the testament is made 第二十一条结婚条件，适用当事人共同经常居所地法律；没有共同经常居所地的，适用共同国籍国法律；没有共同国籍，在一方当事人经常居所地或者国籍国缔结婚姻的，适用婚姻缔结地法律。第二十二条结婚手续，符合婚姻缔结地法律、一方当事人经常居所地法律或者国籍国法律的，均为有效。第二十三条夫妻人身关系，适用共同经常居所地法律；没有共同经常居所地的，适用共同国籍国法律。第二十四条夫妻财产关系，当事人可以协议选择适用一方当事人经常居所地法律、国籍国法律或者主要财产所在地法律。当事人没有选择的，适用共同经常居所地法律；没有共同经常居所地的，适用共同国籍国法律

or at the time of death of the testator. 第二十五条父母子女人身、财产关系，适用 Article 33 The laws at the habitual 共同经常居所地法律；没 residence or of the state of nationality when有共同经常居所地的，适 the testament is made or at the time of death用一方当事人经常居所地 of the testator shall apply to the validity of法律或者国籍国法律中有 a testament. 利于保护弱者权益的法律。 Article 34 The laws at the locality of an estate shall apply to the administration of estates and related issues. Article 35 The laws at the locality of an 第二十六条协议离 estate at the time of death of the deceased 婚，当事人可以协议选择 shall apply to the disposition of a vacant 适用一方当事人经常居所 estate. 地法律或者国籍国法律。当事人没有选择的，适用共同经常居所地法律；没有共同经常居所地的，适用共同国籍国法律；没有 Chapter V Real Right 共同国籍的，适用办理离婚手续机构所在地法律。 Article 36 The laws at the locality of immovables shall apply to the right to immovables. 第二十七条诉讼离 Article 37 The parties concerned may choose 婚，适用法院地法律。 the laws applicable to the right over the movables by agreement.If the parties do not choose,the laws at the locality of the movables when the legal facts take place shall apply. 第二十八条收养的条件和手续，适用收养人 Article38 The parties concerned may choose和被收养人经常居所地法 the laws applicable to any change of the right律。收养的效力，适用收 over the movables taking place in 养时收养人经常居所地法 transportation by agreement..If the parties do律。收养关系的解除，适 not choose,the laws at the destination of 用收养时被收养人经常居 transportation shall apply. 所地法律或者法院地法律。 Article 39 The laws at the locality of the realization of the rights of negotiable securities or other laws which have the closest relation with the negotiable

or at the time of death of the testator. Article 33 The laws at the habitual residence or of the state of nationality when the testament is made or at the time of death of the testator shall apply to the validity of a testament. Article 34 The laws at the locality of an estate shall apply to the administration of estates and related issues. Article 35 The laws at the locality of an estate at the time of death of the deceased shall apply to the disposition of a vacant estate. Chapter V Real Right Article 36 The laws at the locality of immovables shall apply to the right to immovables. Article 37 The parties concerned may choose the laws applicable to the right over the movables by agreement. If the parties do not choose, the laws at the locality of the movables when the legal facts take place shall apply. Article 38 The parties concerned may choose the laws applicable to any change of the right over the movables taking place in transportation by agreement. If the parties do not choose, the laws at the destination of transportation shall apply. Article 39 The laws at the locality of the realization of the rights of negotiable securities or other laws which have the closest relation with the negotiable 第二十五条父母子女人身、财产关系，适用共同经常居所地法律；没有共同经常居所地的，适用一方当事人经常居所地法律或者国籍国法律中有利于保护弱者权益的法律。第二十六条协议离婚，当事人可以协议选择适用一方当事人经常居所地法律或者国籍国法律。当事人没有选择的，适用共同经常居所地法律；没有共同经常居所地的，适用共同国籍国法律；没有共同国籍的，适用办理离婚手续机构所在地法律。第二十七条诉讼离婚，适用法院地法律。第二十八条收养的条件和手续，适用收养人和被收养人经常居所地法律。收养的效力，适用收养时收养人经常居所地法律。收养关系的解除，适用收养时被收养人经常居所地法律或者法院地法律

securities shall apply to negotiable 第二十九条扶养， securities. 适用一方当事人经常居所地法律、国籍国法律或者 Article40 The laws at the locality of the主要财产所在地法律中有 establishment of the right of pledge shall 利于保护被扶养人权益的 apply to the pledge of rights. 法律。 Chapter VI Creditor's Rights 第三十条监护，适用一方当事人经常居所地 Article 41 The parties concerned may choose 法律或者国籍国法律中有 the laws applicable to contracts by agreement. 利于保护被监护人权益的 If the parties do not choose,the laws at the 法律。 habitual residence of the party whose fulfillment of obligations can best reflect the characteristics of this contract or other laws which have the closest relation with this 第四章继承 contract shall apply. Article 42 The laws at the habitual residence of consumers shall apply to consumer contracts;If a consumer chooses the applicable laws at the locality of the 第三十一条法定继 provision of goods or services or an operator 承，适用被继承人死亡时 has no relevant business operations at the 经常居所地法律，但不动 habitual residence of the consumer,the laws 产法定继承，适用不动产 at the locality of the provision of goods or 所在地法律。 services shall apply. Article 43 The laws at the working locality of laborers shall apply to labor contracts;if it is difficult to determine the working 第三十二条遗嘱方 locality of a laborer,the laws at the main 式，符合遗嘱人立遗嘱时 business place of the employer shall apply. 或者死亡时经常居所地法 The laws at the dispatching place of labor 律、国籍国法律或者遗嘱 services shall apply to labor dispatches. 行为地法律的，遗嘱均为成立。 Article 44 The laws at the place of tort shall apply to liabilities for tort,but if the parties have a mutual habitual residence, the laws at the mutual habitual residence shall apply.If the parties choose the 第三十三条遗嘱效

securities shall apply to negotiable securities. Article 40 The laws at the locality of the establishment of the right of pledge shall apply to the pledge of rights. Chapter VI Creditor’s Rights Article 41 The parties concerned may choose the laws applicable to contracts by agreement. If the parties do not choose, the laws at the habitual residence of the party whose fulfillment of obligations can best reflect the characteristics of this contract or other laws which have the closest relation with this contract shall apply. Article 42 The laws at the habitual residence of consumers shall apply to consumer contracts; If a consumer chooses the applicable laws at the locality of the provision of goods or services or an operator has no relevant business operations at the habitual residence of the consumer, the laws at the locality of the provision of goods or services shall apply. Article 43 The laws at the working locality of laborers shall apply to labor contracts; if it is difficult to determine the working locality of a laborer, the laws at the main business place of the employer shall apply. The laws at the dispatching place of labor services shall apply to labor dispatches. Article 44 The laws at the place of tort shall apply to liabilities for tort, but if the parties have a mutual habitual residence, the laws at the mutual habitual residence shall apply. If the parties choose the 第二十九条扶养，适用一方当事人经常居所地法律、国籍国法律或者主要财产所在地法律中有利于保护被扶养人权益的法律。第三十条监护，适用一方当事人经常居所地法律或者国籍国法律中有利于保护被监护人权益的法律。第四章继承第三十一条法定继承，适用被继承人死亡时经常居所地法律，但不动产法定继承，适用不动产所在地法律。第三十二条遗嘱方式，符合遗嘱人立遗嘱时或者死亡时经常居所地法律、国籍国法律或者遗嘱行为地法律的，遗嘱均为成立。第三十三条遗嘱效