Order of the President of the People's 中华人民共和国主席令 Republic of China (第三十六号) (No.36) The Law of the Application of Law for Foreign- 《中华人民共和国涉 related Civil Relations of the People's 外民事关系法律适用法》 Republic of China,which has been adopted at 己由中华人民共和国第十 thel7 th session of the Standing Committee of一届全国人民代表大会常 the 11th National People's Congress on 务委员会第十七次会议于 October 28,2010,is hereby promulgated and 2010年10月28日通 shall come into force on April 1,2011. 过，现予公布，自2011 年4月1日起施行。 President of the People's Republic of China Hu Jintao October 28,2010 中华人民共和国主席胡 Law of the Application of Law for Foreign- 锦涛 related Civil Relations of the People's Republic of China 2010年10月28日 (Adopted at the 17th session of the Standing Committee of the 1lth National People's Congress on October 28,2010) Table of Contents 中华人民共和国涉外民事 关系法律适用法 Chapter I General Provisions (2010年10月28日第 十一届全国人民代表大会 Chapter II Civil Subjects 常务委员会第十七次会议 通过) Chapter III Marriage and Family Chapter IV Inheritance Chapter V Real Right 目录 Chapter VI Creditor's Rights 第一章 一般规定 Chapter VII Intellectual Property Rights 第二章民事主体 Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions 第三章婚姻家庭 第四章继承
Order of the President of the People’s Republic of China (No.36) The Law of the Application of Law for Foreignrelated Civil Relations of the People’s Republic of China, which has been adopted at the 17th session of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People’s Congress on October 28, 2010, is hereby promulgated and shall come into force on April 1, 2011. President of the People’s Republic of China Hu Jintao October 28, 2010 Law of the Application of Law for Foreignrelated Civil Relations of the People’s Republic of China (Adopted at the 17th session of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People’s Congress on October 28, 2010) Table of Contents Chapter I General Provisions Chapter II Civil Subjects Chapter III Marriage and Family Chapter IV Inheritance Chapter V Real Right Chapter VI Creditor’s Rights Chapter VII Intellectual Property Rights Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions 中华人民共和国主席令 (第三十六号) 《中华人民共和国涉 外民事关系法律适用法》 已由中华人民共和国第十 一届全国人民代表大会常 务委员会第十七次会议于 2010 年 10 月 28 日通 过，现予公布，自 2011 年 4 月 1 日起施行。 中华人民共和国主席 胡 锦涛 2010 年 10 月 28 日 中华人民共和国涉外民事 关系法律适用法 （2010 年 10 月 28 日第 十一届全国人民代表大会 常务委员会第十七次会议 通过） 目 录 第一章 一般规定 第二章 民事主体 第三章 婚姻家庭 第四章 继承
第五章物权 Chapter I General Provisions 第六章债权 Article 1 This Law is enacted in order to clarify the application of laws concerning 第七章 知识产权 foreign-related civil relations,reasonably solve foreign-related civil disputes and 第八章附则 safeguard the legal rights and interests of parties. Article 2 The application of laws 第一章 一般规定 concerning foreign-related civil relations shall be determined in accordance with this Law.If there are otherwise special provisions in other laws on the application of laws concerning foreign-related civil relations, such provisions shall prevail. 第一条为了明确涉 外民事关系的法律适用， If there are no provisions in this Law or 合理解决涉外民事争议， other laws on the application of any laws 维护当事人的合法权益， concerning foreign-related civil relations, the laws which have the closest relation with 制定本法。 this foreign-related civil relation shall apply. Article 3 The parties may explicitly choose 第二条涉外民事关 the laws applicable to foreign-related civil 系适用的法律，依照本法 relations in accordance with the provisions of确定。其他法律对涉外民 law. 事关系法律适用另有特别 规定的，依照其规定。 Article 4 If there are mandatory provisions on foreign-related civil relations in the laws 本法和其他法律对涉 of the People's Republic of China,these 外民事关系法律适用没有 mandatory provisions shall directly apply. 规定的，适用与该涉外民 事关系有最密切联系的法 Article 5 If the application of foreign 律。 laws will damage the social public interests of the People's Republic of China,the laws of the People's Republic of China shall apply. 第三条当事人依照 Article6 As for the application of foreign法律规定可以明示选择涉 laws on a foreign-related civil relation,if外民事关系适用的法律。 different laws are enforced in different
Chapter I General Provisions Article 1 This Law is enacted in order to clarify the application of laws concerning foreign-related civil relations, reasonably solve foreign-related civil disputes and safeguard the legal rights and interests of parties. Article 2 The application of laws concerning foreign-related civil relations shall be determined in accordance with this Law. If there are otherwise special provisions in other laws on the application of laws concerning foreign-related civil relations, such provisions shall prevail. If there are no provisions in this Law or other laws on the application of any laws concerning foreign-related civil relations, the laws which have the closest relation with this foreign-related civil relation shall apply. Article 3 The parties may explicitly choose the laws applicable to foreign-related civil relations in accordance with the provisions of law. Article 4 If there are mandatory provisions on foreign-related civil relations in the laws of the People’s Republic of China, these mandatory provisions shall directly apply. Article 5 If the application of foreign laws will damage the social public interests of the People’s Republic of China, the laws of the People’s Republic of China shall apply. Article 6 As for the application of foreign laws on a foreign-related civil relation, if different laws are enforced in different 第五章 物权 第六章 债权 第七章 知识产权 第八章 附则 第一章 一般规定 第一条 为了明确涉 外民事关系的法律适用， 合理解决涉外民事争议， 维护当事人的合法权益， 制定本法。 第二条 涉外民事关 系适用的法律，依照本法 确定。其他法律对涉外民 事关系法律适用另有特别 规定的，依照其规定。 本法和其他法律对涉 外民事关系法律适用没有 规定的，适用与该涉外民 事关系有最密切联系的法 律。 第三条 当事人依照 法律规定可以明示选择涉 外民事关系适用的法律
regions of this foreign country,the laws of the region which has the closest relation with this foreign-related civil relation shall apply. 第四条中华人民共 和国法律对涉外民事关系 Article7 The proper laws applicable to the有强制性规定的，直接适 relevant foreign-related civil relations shall用该强制性规定。 apply to the limitation of action. Article 8 Lex fori shall apply to the determination on the nature of foreign-related 第五条外国法律的 civil relations. 适用将损害中华人民共和 国社会公共利益的，适用 Article 9 Foreign laws applicable to 中华人民共和国法律。 foreign-related civil relations do not include the Law of the Application of Law of this foreign country. Article 10 Foreign laws applicable to 第六条涉外民事关 foreign-related civil relations shall be 系适用外国法律，该国不 ascertained by the people's court,arbitral 同区域实施不同法律的， authority or administrative organ.If any 适用与该涉外民事关系有 party chooses the applicable foreign laws,he 最密切联系区域的法律。 shall provide the laws of this country. If foreign laws can not be ascertained or there are no provisions in the laws of this country,the laws of the People's Republic of 第七条诉讼时效， China shall apply. 适用相关涉外民事关系应 当适用的法律。 Chapter II Civil Subjects 第八条涉外民事关 Article 11 The laws at the habitual 系的定性，适用法院地法 residence shall apply to the civil rights 律。 capacities of a natural person. Article 12 The laws at the habitual residence shall apply to the civil acts capacities of a natural person. 第九条涉外民事关 系适用的外国法律，不包 Where a natural person conducting civil 括该国的法律适用法
regions of this foreign country, the laws of the region which has the closest relation with this foreign-related civil relation shall apply. Article 7 The proper laws applicable to the relevant foreign-related civil relations shall apply to the limitation of action. Article 8 Lex fori shall apply to the determination on the nature of foreign-related civil relations. Article 9 Foreign laws applicable to foreign-related civil relations do not include the Law of the Application of Law of this foreign country. Article 10 Foreign laws applicable to foreign-related civil relations shall be ascertained by the people’s court, arbitral authority or administrative organ. If any party chooses the applicable foreign laws, he shall provide the laws of this country. If foreign laws can not be ascertained or there are no provisions in the laws of this country, the laws of the People’s Republic of China shall apply. Chapter II Civil Subjects Article 11 The laws at the habitual residence shall apply to the civil rights capacities of a natural person. Article 12 The laws at the habitual residence shall apply to the civil acts capacities of a natural person. Where a natural person conducting civil 第四条 中华人民共 和国法律对涉外民事关系 有强制性规定的，直接适 用该强制性规定。 第五条 外国法律的 适用将损害中华人民共和 国社会公共利益的，适用 中华人民共和国法律。 第六条 涉外民事关 系适用外国法律，该国不 同区域实施不同法律的， 适用与该涉外民事关系有 最密切联系区域的法律。 第七条 诉讼时效， 适用相关涉外民事关系应 当适用的法律。 第八条 涉外民事关 系的定性，适用法院地法 律。 第九条 涉外民事关 系适用的外国法律，不包 括该国的法律适用法
activities is determined as incompetent for civil acts in accordance with the laws at the habitual residence but is determined as competent for civil acts in accordance with the laws at the locality of the acts,the laws 第十条涉外民事关 at the locality of the acts shall apply unless系适用的外国法律，由人 they are related to marriage,family or 民法院、仲裁机构或者行 inheritance. 政机关查明。当事人选择 适用外国法律的，应当提 Article 13 The laws at the habitual 供该国法律。 residence of a natural person shall apply to the declaration of missing or declaration of 不能查明外国法律或 death. 者该国法律没有规定的， 适用中华人民共和国法 Article 14 The laws at the locality of 律。 registration shall apply to such items as the civil rights capacities,civil acts capacities,organizational institutions, rights and obligations of shareholders,etc. 第二章民事主体 of a legal person and its branch. If the main business place of a legal person is inconsistent with the locality of registration,the laws of the main business place may apply.The main business place of a 第十一条自然人的 legal person shall be its habitual residence. 民事权利能力，适用经常 居所地法律。 Article 15 The laws at the habitual residence of a right holder shall apply to the contents of his right of personality. Article 16 The laws at the locality of 第十二条自然人的 agency act shall apply to agency,but the laws民事行为能力，适用经常 at the locality of agency relation shall apply居所地法律。 to the civil relations between the principal and the agent. 自然人从事民事活 动，依照经常居所地法律 The parties concerned may choose the laws 为无民事行为能力，依照 applicable to entrustment of agency by 行为地法律为有民事行为 agreement. 能力的，适用行为地法 律，但涉及婚姻家庭、继 Article 17 The parties concerned may choose承的除外。 the laws applicable to trust by agreement.If the parties do not choose,the laws at the
activities is determined as incompetent for civil acts in accordance with the laws at the habitual residence but is determined as competent for civil acts in accordance with the laws at the locality of the acts, the laws at the locality of the acts shall apply unless they are related to marriage, family or inheritance. Article 13 The laws at the habitual residence of a natural person shall apply to the declaration of missing or declaration of death. Article 14 The laws at the locality of registration shall apply to such items as the civil rights capacities, civil acts capacities, organizational institutions, rights and obligations of shareholders, etc. of a legal person and its branch. If the main business place of a legal person is inconsistent with the locality of registration, the laws of the main business place may apply. The main business place of a legal person shall be its habitual residence. Article 15 The laws at the habitual residence of a right holder shall apply to the contents of his right of personality. Article 16 The laws at the locality of agency act shall apply to agency, but the laws at the locality of agency relation shall apply to the civil relations between the principal and the agent. The parties concerned may choose the laws applicable to entrustment of agency by agreement. Article 17 The parties concerned may choose the laws applicable to trust by agreement. If the parties do not choose, the laws at the 第十条 涉外民事关 系适用的外国法律，由人 民法院、仲裁机构或者行 政机关查明。当事人选择 适用外国法律的，应当提 供该国法律。 不能查明外国法律或 者该国法律没有规定的， 适用中华人民共和国法 律。 第二章 民事主体 第十一条 自然人的 民事权利能力，适用经常 居所地法律。 第十二条 自然人的 民事行为能力，适用经常 居所地法律。 自然人从事民事活 动，依照经常居所地法律 为无民事行为能力，依照 行为地法律为有民事行为 能力的，适用行为地法 律，但涉及婚姻家庭、继 承的除外
locality of the trust or of the fiduciary relation shall apply. 第十三条宣告失踪 Article 18 The parties concerned may choose或者宣告死亡，适用自然 the laws applicable to arbitral agreement by 人经常居所地法律。 agreement.If the parties do not choose,the laws at the locality of the arbitral authority or of the arbitration shall apply. Article 19 If the laws of the state of 第十四条法人及其 分支机构的民事权利能 nationality are to apply in accordance with 力、民事行为能力、组织 this Law and a natural person has more than 机构、股东权利义务等事 two nationalities,the laws of the state of nationality in which he has a habitual 项，适用登记地法律。 residence shall apply;if he has no habitual residence in any of the states of nationality, 法人的主营业地与登 记地不一致的，可以适用 the laws of the state of nationality with which he has the closest relation shall apply. 主营业地法律。法人的经 If a natural person has no nationality or his 常居所地，为其主营业 地。 nationality is uncertain,the laws at his habitual residence shall apply. Article 20 If the laws at the habitual residence are to apply in accordance with this 第十五条人格权的 Law and a natural person's habitual residence内容，适用权利人经常居 is uncertain,the laws at his current 所地法律。 residence shall apply. 第十六条代理适用 Chapter III Marriage and Family 代理行为地法律，但被代 理人与代理人的民事关 Article 21 The laws at the mutual habitual 系，适用代理关系发生地 residence of the parties shall apply to the 法律。 marriage qualifications;if there is no mutual habitual residence,the laws of the mutual 当事人可以协议选择 state of nationality shall apply;if there is 委托代理适用的法律。 no mutual nationality and the marriage is established at the habitual residence or in the state of nationality of one party,the laws at the locality where the marriage is established shall apply. 第十七条当事人可 以协议选择信托适用的法
locality of the trust or of the fiduciary relation shall apply. Article 18 The parties concerned may choose the laws applicable to arbitral agreement by agreement. If the parties do not choose, the laws at the locality of the arbitral authority or of the arbitration shall apply. Article 19 If the laws of the state of nationality are to apply in accordance with this Law and a natural person has more than two nationalities, the laws of the state of nationality in which he has a habitual residence shall apply; if he has no habitual residence in any of the states of nationality, the laws of the state of nationality with which he has the closest relation shall apply. If a natural person has no nationality or his nationality is uncertain, the laws at his habitual residence shall apply. Article 20 If the laws at the habitual residence are to apply in accordance with this Law and a natural person’s habitual residence is uncertain, the laws at his current residence shall apply. Chapter III Marriage and Family Article 21 The laws at the mutual habitual residence of the parties shall apply to the marriage qualifications; if there is no mutual habitual residence, the laws of the mutual state of nationality shall apply; if there is no mutual nationality and the marriage is established at the habitual residence or in the state of nationality of one party, the laws at the locality where the marriage is established shall apply. 第十三条 宣告失踪 或者宣告死亡，适用自然 人经常居所地法律。 第十四条 法人及其 分支机构的民事权利能 力、民事行为能力、组织 机构、股东权利义务等事 项，适用登记地法律。 法人的主营业地与登 记地不一致的，可以适用 主营业地法律。法人的经 常居所地，为其主营业 地。 第十五条 人格权的 内容，适用权利人经常居 所地法律。 第十六条 代理适用 代理行为地法律，但被代 理人与代理人的民事关 系，适用代理关系发生地 法律。 当事人可以协议选择 委托代理适用的法律。 第十七条 当事人可 以协议选择信托适用的法
Article 22 Marriage formalities shall be 律。当事人没有选择的， valid if they conform to the laws at the 适用信托财产所在地法律 locality where the marriage is established or或者信托关系发生地法 the laws at the habitual residence or of the 律。 state of nationality of one party. Article 23 The laws at the mutual habitual residence shall apply to the personal relation between husband and wife;if there is no 第十八条当事人可 mutual habitual residence,the laws of the 以协议选择仲裁协议适用 mutual state of nationality shall apply. 的法律。当事人没有选择 的，适用仲裁机构所在地 Article 24 As for the property relation 法律或者仲裁地法律。 between husband and wife,the parties concerned may choose the applicable laws at the habitual residence,of the state of nationality or at the locality of the main properties of one party by agreement.If the 第十九条依照本法 适用国籍国法律，自然人 parties do not choose,the laws at the mutual 具有两个以上国籍的，适 habitual residence shall apply;if there is no 用有经常居所的国籍国法 mutual habitual residence,the laws of the mutual state of nationality shall apply. 律：在所有国籍国均无经 常居所的，适用与其有最 密切联系的国籍国法律。 Article 25 The laws at the mutual habitual 自然人无国籍或者国籍不 residence shall apply to the personal and 明的，适用其经常居所地 property relations between parents and children;if there is no mutual habitual 法律。 residence,the laws in favor of protecting the rights and interests of the weak in the laws at the habitual residence or of the state of nationality of one party shall apply. 第二十条依照本法 适用经常居所地法律，自 Article 26 As for a divorce by agreement, 然人经常居所地不明的， the parties concerned may choose the 适用其现在居所地法律。 applicable laws at the habitual residence or of the state of nationality of one party by agreement.If the parties do not choose,the laws at the mutual habitual residence shall 第三章 婚姻家庭 apply;if there is no mutual habitual residence,the laws of the mutual state of nationality shall apply;if there is no mutual nationality,the laws at the locality of the institution handling the divorce formalities shall apply
Article 22 Marriage formalities shall be valid if they conform to the laws at the locality where the marriage is established or the laws at the habitual residence or of the state of nationality of one party. Article 23 The laws at the mutual habitual residence shall apply to the personal relation between husband and wife; if there is no mutual habitual residence, the laws of the mutual state of nationality shall apply. Article 24 As for the property relation between husband and wife, the parties concerned may choose the applicable laws at the habitual residence, of the state of nationality or at the locality of the main properties of one party by agreement. If the parties do not choose, the laws at the mutual habitual residence shall apply; if there is no mutual habitual residence, the laws of the mutual state of nationality shall apply. Article 25 The laws at the mutual habitual residence shall apply to the personal and property relations between parents and children; if there is no mutual habitual residence, the laws in favor of protecting the rights and interests of the weak in the laws at the habitual residence or of the state of nationality of one party shall apply. Article 26 As for a divorce by agreement, the parties concerned may choose the applicable laws at the habitual residence or of the state of nationality of one party by agreement. If the parties do not choose, the laws at the mutual habitual residence shall apply; if there is no mutual habitual residence, the laws of the mutual state of nationality shall apply; if there is no mutual nationality, the laws at the locality of the institution handling the divorce formalities shall apply. 律。当事人没有选择的， 适用信托财产所在地法律 或者信托关系发生地法 律。 第十八条 当事人可 以协议选择仲裁协议适用 的法律。当事人没有选择 的，适用仲裁机构所在地 法律或者仲裁地法律。 第十九条 依照本法 适用国籍国法律，自然人 具有两个以上国籍的，适 用有经常居所的国籍国法 律；在所有国籍国均无经 常居所的，适用与其有最 密切联系的国籍国法律。 自然人无国籍或者国籍不 明的，适用其经常居所地 法律。 第二十条 依照本法 适用经常居所地法律，自 然人经常居所地不明的， 适用其现在居所地法律。 第三章 婚姻家庭
第二十一条结婚条 Article27 The laws at the locality of the件，适用当事人共同经常 court shall apply to a divorce by litigation.居所地法律；没有共同经 常居所地的，适用共同国 Article 28 The laws at the habitual 籍国法律：没有共同国 residence of the adopter and the adoptee shall籍，在一方当事人经常居 apply to the qualifications and formalities of所地或者国籍国缔结婚姻 adoption.The laws at the habitual residence的，适用婚姻缔结地法 of the adopter at the time of adoption shall律。 apply to the validity of adoption.The laws at the habitual residence of the adoptee at the time of adoption or at the locality of the court shall apply to the termination of the adoptive relation. 第二十二条结婚手 续，符合婚烟缔结地法 Article 29 The laws in favor of protecting 律、一方当事人经常居所 the rights and interests of the persons being 地法律或者国籍国法律 maintained in the laws at the habitual 的，均为有效。 residence,of the state of nationality or at the locality of the main properties of one party shall apply to maintenance. Article 30 The laws in favor of protecting 第二十三条，夫妻人 身关系，适用共同经常居 the rights and interests of the persons under guardianship in the laws at the habitual 所地法律；没有共同经常 居所地的，适用共同国籍 residence or of the state of nationality of 国法律。 one party shall apply to guardianship. 第二十四条夫妻财 Chapter IV Inheritance 产关系，当事人可以协议 选择适用一方当事人经常 Article 31 The laws at the habitual 居所地法律、国籍国法律 residence at the time of death of the deceased或者主要财产所在地法 shall apply to legal inheritance,but the laws律。当事人没有选择的， at the locality of the real estate shal】apply适用共同经常居所地法 to the legal inheritance of a real estate. 律：没有共同经常居所地 的，适用共同国籍国法 Article 32 A testament shall be confirmed 律。 as valid if its form conforms to the laws at the habitual residence,of the state of nationality or at the locality of the testamentary acts when the testament is made
Article 27 The laws at the locality of the court shall apply to a divorce by litigation. Article 28 The laws at the habitual residence of the adopter and the adoptee shall apply to the qualifications and formalities of adoption. The laws at the habitual residence of the adopter at the time of adoption shall apply to the validity of adoption. The laws at the habitual residence of the adoptee at the time of adoption or at the locality of the court shall apply to the termination of the adoptive relation. Article 29 The laws in favor of protecting the rights and interests of the persons being maintained in the laws at the habitual residence, of the state of nationality or at the locality of the main properties of one party shall apply to maintenance. Article 30 The laws in favor of protecting the rights and interests of the persons under guardianship in the laws at the habitual residence or of the state of nationality of one party shall apply to guardianship. Chapter IV Inheritance Article 31 The laws at the habitual residence at the time of death of the deceased shall apply to legal inheritance, but the laws at the locality of the real estate shall apply to the legal inheritance of a real estate. Article 32 A testament shall be confirmed as valid if its form conforms to the laws at the habitual residence, of the state of nationality or at the locality of the testamentary acts when the testament is made 第二十一条 结婚条 件，适用当事人共同经常 居所地法律；没有共同经 常居所地的，适用共同国 籍国法律；没有共同国 籍，在一方当事人经常居 所地或者国籍国缔结婚姻 的，适用婚姻缔结地法 律。 第二十二条 结婚手 续，符合婚姻缔结地法 律、一方当事人经常居所 地法律或者国籍国法律 的，均为有效。 第二十三条 夫妻人 身关系，适用共同经常居 所地法律；没有共同经常 居所地的，适用共同国籍 国法律。 第二十四条 夫妻财 产关系，当事人可以协议 选择适用一方当事人经常 居所地法律、国籍国法律 或者主要财产所在地法 律。当事人没有选择的， 适用共同经常居所地法 律；没有共同经常居所地 的，适用共同国籍国法 律
or at the time of death of the testator. 第二十五条父母子 女人身、财产关系，适用 Article 33 The laws at the habitual 共同经常居所地法律；没 residence or of the state of nationality when有共同经常居所地的，适 the testament is made or at the time of death用一方当事人经常居所地 of the testator shall apply to the validity of法律或者国籍国法律中有 a testament. 利于保护弱者权益的法 律。 Article 34 The laws at the locality of an estate shall apply to the administration of estates and related issues. Article 35 The laws at the locality of an 第二十六条协议离 estate at the time of death of the deceased 婚，当事人可以协议选择 shall apply to the disposition of a vacant 适用一方当事人经常居所 estate. 地法律或者国籍国法律。 当事人没有选择的，适用 共同经常居所地法律；没 有共同经常居所地的，适 用共同国籍国法律；没有 Chapter V Real Right 共同国籍的，适用办理离 婚手续机构所在地法律。 Article 36 The laws at the locality of immovables shall apply to the right to immovables. 第二十七条诉讼离 Article 37 The parties concerned may choose 婚，适用法院地法律。 the laws applicable to the right over the movables by agreement.If the parties do not choose,the laws at the locality of the movables when the legal facts take place shall apply. 第二十八条收养的 条件和手续，适用收养人 Article38 The parties concerned may choose和被收养人经常居所地法 the laws applicable to any change of the right律。收养的效力，适用收 over the movables taking place in 养时收养人经常居所地法 transportation by agreement..If the parties do律。收养关系的解除，适 not choose,the laws at the destination of 用收养时被收养人经常居 transportation shall apply. 所地法律或者法院地法 律。 Article 39 The laws at the locality of the realization of the rights of negotiable securities or other laws which have the closest relation with the negotiable
or at the time of death of the testator. Article 33 The laws at the habitual residence or of the state of nationality when the testament is made or at the time of death of the testator shall apply to the validity of a testament. Article 34 The laws at the locality of an estate shall apply to the administration of estates and related issues. Article 35 The laws at the locality of an estate at the time of death of the deceased shall apply to the disposition of a vacant estate. Chapter V Real Right Article 36 The laws at the locality of immovables shall apply to the right to immovables. Article 37 The parties concerned may choose the laws applicable to the right over the movables by agreement. If the parties do not choose, the laws at the locality of the movables when the legal facts take place shall apply. Article 38 The parties concerned may choose the laws applicable to any change of the right over the movables taking place in transportation by agreement. If the parties do not choose, the laws at the destination of transportation shall apply. Article 39 The laws at the locality of the realization of the rights of negotiable securities or other laws which have the closest relation with the negotiable 第二十五条 父母子 女人身、财产关系，适用 共同经常居所地法律；没 有共同经常居所地的，适 用一方当事人经常居所地 法律或者国籍国法律中有 利于保护弱者权益的法 律。 第二十六条 协议离 婚，当事人可以协议选择 适用一方当事人经常居所 地法律或者国籍国法律。 当事人没有选择的，适用 共同经常居所地法律；没 有共同经常居所地的，适 用共同国籍国法律；没有 共同国籍的，适用办理离 婚手续机构所在地法律。 第二十七条 诉讼离 婚，适用法院地法律。 第二十八条 收养的 条件和手续，适用收养人 和被收养人经常居所地法 律。收养的效力，适用收 养时收养人经常居所地法 律。收养关系的解除，适 用收养时被收养人经常居 所地法律或者法院地法 律
securities shall apply to negotiable 第二十九条扶养， securities. 适用一方当事人经常居所 地法律、国籍国法律或者 Article40 The laws at the locality of the主要财产所在地法律中有 establishment of the right of pledge shall 利于保护被扶养人权益的 apply to the pledge of rights. 法律。 Chapter VI Creditor's Rights 第三十条监护，适 用一方当事人经常居所地 Article 41 The parties concerned may choose 法律或者国籍国法律中有 the laws applicable to contracts by agreement. 利于保护被监护人权益的 If the parties do not choose,the laws at the 法律。 habitual residence of the party whose fulfillment of obligations can best reflect the characteristics of this contract or other laws which have the closest relation with this 第四章继承 contract shall apply. Article 42 The laws at the habitual residence of consumers shall apply to consumer contracts;If a consumer chooses the applicable laws at the locality of the 第三十一条法定继 provision of goods or services or an operator 承，适用被继承人死亡时 has no relevant business operations at the 经常居所地法律，但不动 habitual residence of the consumer,the laws 产法定继承，适用不动产 at the locality of the provision of goods or 所在地法律。 services shall apply. Article 43 The laws at the working locality of laborers shall apply to labor contracts;if it is difficult to determine the working 第三十二条遗嘱方 locality of a laborer,the laws at the main 式，符合遗嘱人立遗嘱时 business place of the employer shall apply. 或者死亡时经常居所地法 The laws at the dispatching place of labor 律、国籍国法律或者遗嘱 services shall apply to labor dispatches. 行为地法律的，遗嘱均为 成立。 Article 44 The laws at the place of tort shall apply to liabilities for tort,but if the parties have a mutual habitual residence, the laws at the mutual habitual residence shall apply.If the parties choose the 第三十三条遗嘱效
securities shall apply to negotiable securities. Article 40 The laws at the locality of the establishment of the right of pledge shall apply to the pledge of rights. Chapter VI Creditor’s Rights Article 41 The parties concerned may choose the laws applicable to contracts by agreement. If the parties do not choose, the laws at the habitual residence of the party whose fulfillment of obligations can best reflect the characteristics of this contract or other laws which have the closest relation with this contract shall apply. Article 42 The laws at the habitual residence of consumers shall apply to consumer contracts; If a consumer chooses the applicable laws at the locality of the provision of goods or services or an operator has no relevant business operations at the habitual residence of the consumer, the laws at the locality of the provision of goods or services shall apply. Article 43 The laws at the working locality of laborers shall apply to labor contracts; if it is difficult to determine the working locality of a laborer, the laws at the main business place of the employer shall apply. The laws at the dispatching place of labor services shall apply to labor dispatches. Article 44 The laws at the place of tort shall apply to liabilities for tort, but if the parties have a mutual habitual residence, the laws at the mutual habitual residence shall apply. If the parties choose the 第二十九条 扶养， 适用一方当事人经常居所 地法律、国籍国法律或者 主要财产所在地法律中有 利于保护被扶养人权益的 法律。 第三十条 监护，适 用一方当事人经常居所地 法律或者国籍国法律中有 利于保护被监护人权益的 法律。 第四章 继承 第三十一条 法定继 承，适用被继承人死亡时 经常居所地法律，但不动 产法定继承，适用不动产 所在地法律。 第三十二条 遗嘱方 式，符合遗嘱人立遗嘱时 或者死亡时经常居所地法 律、国籍国法律或者遗嘱 行为地法律的，遗嘱均为 成立。 第三十三条 遗嘱效
applicable laws by agreement after any tort 力，适用遗嘱人立遗嘱时 takes place,the agreement shall prevail. 或者死亡时经常居所地法 律或者国籍国法律。 Article 45 The laws at the habitual residence of the infringed shall apply to product liabilities;if the infringed chooses the applicable laws at the main business place of the infringer or at the locality of the 第三十四条遗产管 infringement,or the infringer has no relevant理等事项，适用遗产所在 business operations at the habitual residence 地法律。 of the infringed,the laws at the main business place of the infringer or at the locality of the infringement shall apply. 第三十五条无人继 Article 46 If such personal rights as the 承遗产的归属，适用被继 right of name,right of portrait,right of 承人死亡时遗产所在地法 reputation,right of privacy,etc.are 律。 infringed upon via the network or by other means,the laws at the habitual residence of the infringed shall apply. 第五章物权 Article 47 The applicable laws chosen by the parties concerned by agreement shall apply to ill-gotten gains and negotiorum gestio.If the parties do not choose,the laws at the mutual habitual residence of the parties shall apply;if there is no mutual habitual residence,the laws at the locality of ill- 第三十六条不动产 gotten gains and negotiorum gestio shall 物权，适用不动产所在地 apply. 法律。 Chapter VII Intellectual Property Rights 第三十七条当事人 可以协议选择动产物权适 Article 48 The laws at the locality where 用的法律。当事人没有选 protection is claimed shall apply to the 择的，适用法律事实发生 ownership and contents of the intellectual 时动产所在地法律。 property right. Article 49 A party may choose the laws applicable to the assignment and licensed use of intellectual property right by agreement. 第三十八条当事人
applicable laws by agreement after any tort takes place, the agreement shall prevail. Article 45 The laws at the habitual residence of the infringed shall apply to product liabilities; if the infringed chooses the applicable laws at the main business place of the infringer or at the locality of the infringement, or the infringer has no relevant business operations at the habitual residence of the infringed, the laws at the main business place of the infringer or at the locality of the infringement shall apply. Article 46 If such personal rights as the right of name, right of portrait, right of reputation, right of privacy, etc. are infringed upon via the network or by other means, the laws at the habitual residence of the infringed shall apply. Article 47 The applicable laws chosen by the parties concerned by agreement shall apply to ill-gotten gains and negotiorum gestio. If the parties do not choose, the laws at the mutual habitual residence of the parties shall apply; if there is no mutual habitual residence, the laws at the locality of illgotten gains and negotiorum gestio shall apply. Chapter VII Intellectual Property Rights Article 48 The laws at the locality where protection is claimed shall apply to the ownership and contents of the intellectual property right. Article 49 A party may choose the laws applicable to the assignment and licensed use of intellectual property right by agreement. 力，适用遗嘱人立遗嘱时 或者死亡时经常居所地法 律或者国籍国法律。 第三十四条 遗产管 理等事项，适用遗产所在 地法律。 第三十五条 无人继 承遗产的归属，适用被继 承人死亡时遗产所在地法 律。 第五章 物权 第三十六条 不动产 物权，适用不动产所在地 法律。 第三十七条 当事人 可以协议选择动产物权适 用的法律。当事人没有选 择的，适用法律事实发生 时动产所在地法律。 第三十八条 当事人
