Unit 5,NHCE Book I 学院_0教改 班 I Teaching Material The Battle Against AIDS Section B The Last Dive at the Olympics II.Objectives Objectives Statements of Intended Learning Outcomes KI the knowledge of and views on AIDS To Know K2 the key language points and grammatical structures in the text K3 paragraph with a general statement supported by a problem-solution pattern D1 Improve reading by looking for the major detail of a paragraph ToDo D2 Improve writing skills by supporting a general idea in a problem-solutic pattern D3 Develop critical thinking by sharing the knowledge and view on AlDS. D4 Form the habit of self-reflecting on and independently analyzing and tacking problems in ELL Develop team work and co-opera on vi group activities D6 Develop autonomous learning ability via on-line and off-line study In terms of learning itself.For example: To Be BI Develop Ss'interests/confidence in English study through autonomou learning and co-operation via on-line and off-line learning B their accomplishments in their study activities Or In terms of developing morals,values and ethics depends on the topic concerned. BI Be more concerned with social issues such as the spread of AIDS among poor people. B2 Enhance Sssocial-consciousness and social responsibility B3 Cherish the life and livea healthy living style. III Key points 1.Key words AIDS, acquire diagnose,infect,constitute,implement,emerge,combat illustrate,establish. 2.Phrases be infected with wine out be slow in suffer from the solution to threaten todo distract.from sign up(for something)regardless of 3.Key patterns
Unit 5, NHCE Book I _学院 _07_教改 _班 I. Teaching Material Section A The Battle Against AIDS Section B The Last Dive at the Olympics II. Objectives Objectives Statements of Intended Learning Outcomes To Know K1 the knowledge of and views on AIDS K2 the key language points and grammatical structures in the text K3 paragraph with a general statement supported by a problem-solution pattern. To Do D1 Improve reading by looking for the major detail of a paragraph D2 Improve writing skills by supporting a general idea in a problem-solution pattern. D3 Develop critical thinking by sharing the knowledge and view on AIDS. D4 Form the habit of self-reflecting on and independently analyzing and tacking problems in ELL D5 Develop team work and co-operation via group activities. D6 Develop autonomous learning ability via on-line and off-line study To Be In terms of learning itself. For example: B1 Develop Ss’ interests/ confidence in English study through autonomous learning and co-operation via on-line and off-line learning B2 Enable Ss to enjoy their accomplishments in their study activities Or In terms of developing morals, values and ethics depends on the topic concerned. B1 Be more concerned with social issues such as the spread of AIDS among poor people. B2 Enhance Ss’social-consciousness and social responsibility B3 Cherish the life and live a healthy living style. III Key points 1. Key words AIDS, acquire, diagnose, infect, constitute, implement, emerge, combat, illustrate, establish, 2. Phrases be infected with wipe out be slow in suffer from the solution to threaten to do distract . from sign up (for something) regardless of 3. Key patterns
Despite such aarming numbers,the federal and the state governments have been implementing programs to stop the spread of AIDS.(L8) Typical patterns for making definition of something This is an undeclared war that everyone must sign up for in order for us to win.(L.59) 4.Hard points 1)Interpretation of involved sentences. 2)Development of Ss'communicative skills, 3)Organization of and Ss'involvement in learning activities VI Time allotment 1"period 2-3 periods 4 period periods Preparation Detailed study of Section A Consolidation development Section B&assessment Part V Teaching Process Step 1 Preparation 1)Listen toa short passage and fill in the missing words HIV is the】 Immunodeficiency Virus.This is the virus that spreads through 、with infected blood,infected partners or within the womb of an infected mother. After infecting a person,HIV can remain in the body for long and different of time until it becomes and into AIDs for which no known exists.The virus spreads very fastonce has been made with n infected 2)Warm-up questions 1.What is AIDS? 2.What is HIV? 3.What do you know about WorldAIDS Day? 4.How many ways can HIV spread? Who is most likely to become infected 3)Check students'preview work by translating the following from Chinese into English. L.诊断出患艾滋病to be diagnosed as(with)ADS 2感染了艾藏病病毒to be infected with the hiy virus 3.在 方面行动迟缓to beslow in 4.说明防止感染艾滋病的方法toilustrate ways people can prevent AIDS 5.设立一个称为艾滋病克星”的项目to establish an“AIDS Busters'”program 6.毁掉一代人to wipe out an entire generation 7.使（做）某事受到干扰to be distracted from 8.谈论艾滋病令人难受not feel comfortable talking about AIDS 9.实施计划implementing programs
Typical patterns for comparison & contrast Despite such alarming numbers, the federal and the state governments have been slow in implementing programs to stop the spread of AIDS. (L. 8) Typical patterns for making definition of something This is an undeclared war that everyone must sign up for in order for us to win. (L. 59) 4. Hard points 1) Interpretation of involved sentences; 2) Development of Ss’ communicative skills, 3) Organization of and Ss’ involvement in learning activities , VI Time allotment 1 s1 period 2-3 periods 4 th period 5 th &6th periods Preparation Detailed study of Section A Consolidation & development Section B & assessment Part V Teaching Process Step 1 Preparation This step aims at getting students ready for the detailed study of the text. 1) Listen to a short passage and fill in the missing words HIV is the _ Immunodeficiency Virus. This is the virus that spreads through _ with infected blood, infected _ partners or within the womb of an infected _ mother. After infecting a person, HIV can remain _ in the body for long and different _ of time until it becomes _ and _ into AIDS for which no known _ exists. The virus spreads very fast once contact has been made with an infected _. 2) Warm-up questions 1. What is AIDS? 2. What is HIV? 3. What do you know about World AIDS Day？ 4. How many ways can HIV spread? 5. Who is most likely to become infected? 3) Check students’ preview work by translating the following from Chinese into English. 1. 诊断出患艾滋病 to be diagnosed as (with) AIDS 2. 感染了艾滋病病毒 to be infected with the HIV virus 3. 在.方面行动迟缓 to be slow in 4. 说明防止感染艾滋病的方法 to illustrate ways people can prevent AIDS 5. 设立一个称为“艾滋病克星”的项目 to establish an “AIDS Busters” program 6. 毁掉一代人 to wipe out an entire generation 7. 使（做）某事受到干扰 to be distracted from 8. 谈论艾滋病令人难受 not feel comfortable talking about AIDS 9. 实施计划 implementing programs
l0.防止艾滋病蔓延to stop the spread ofAIDS Step 2 Detailed study of Section A This step aims at practicing skimming.scanningskipping,practicing the key words /phases/patterns,eto 1)Text understanding Answer the following questions related to the text What's the name ofi thate people have be merica.who are the ones most likely to be infected th AIDs past few years What do you know about the local organization-the South Carolina AIDS Education Network？ 5 Why is it impossible to hand out AIDS literature and expect people to read it in som In what way can teenagers do much better than adults according to the text 2)Organization Ask the students to divide the text and help them generalize the main idea of each part by asking the following questions: ①What is beingd cussed in the text? T main idea f the first nar A serious disea ase named as AIDS was diagnosed in the U.A.in the late 1970s and since then it has been abig threat to the American society. (2)Why have some local organizations emerged? 3What efforts has the local organization-the South Carolina AIDS Education Network made to fight against alds? The main idea of thes ond part:Inc trast to the gov nment's ivity,some local organizations have made efforts to educate people to guard agains AIDS creatively. 4 What lessons can we share with the South Carolina AlDS Education Network in the war against alds? The main idea of the third part:The organization has generalized some practical similar groups The main idea of the fourth part:Fighting against AlDS entails everyone's involvement and forces each of us to be an educator and learn to live. 3)Language points Key words ①acquire vt.get by one's own work.skill.etc.获得：学到 t如：The police are trying to get their man. 警察正在努力抓住那个人。 ob1ain常常指凭努力、要求、悬求而达到目的或得到所希望的东西。 经过强当长的一段时间的辛苦劳作，他终于实现了他的愿望。 Gan指经过奋斗或竞争而达到目的。所得到的东西常有一定价值，特别是实际价值， 但不直接与钱连用
10. 防止艾滋病蔓延 to stop the spread of AIDS Step 2 Detailed study of Section A This step aims at practicing skimming, scanning & skipping，practicing the key words /phases/patterns, etc 1) Text understanding Answer the following questions related to the text ① What’s the name of the disease that appeared in the late 1970s in the United States? ② How many American people have been killed by the disease in the past few years? ③ In America, who are the ones most likely to be infected with AIDS? ④ What do you know about the local organization-the South Carolina AIDS Education Network? ⑤ Why is it impossible to hand out AIDS literature and expect people to read it in some communities? ⑥ In what way can teenagers do much better than adults according to the text? 2) Organization Ask the students to divide the text and help them generalize the main idea of each part by asking the following questions: ① What is being discussed in the text? The main idea of the first part: A serious disease named as AIDS was diagnosed in the U.S.A. in the late 1970s; and since then it has been a big threat to the American society. ② Why have some local organizations emerged? ③ What efforts has the local organization-the South Carolina AIDS Education Network made to fight against AIDS? The main idea of the second part: In contrast to the government’s inactivity, some local organizations have made efforts to educate people to guard against AIDS creatively. ④ What lessons can we share with the South Carolina AIDS Education Network in the war against AIDS? The main idea of the third part: The organization has generalized some practical methods which are useful to other similar groups. ⑤ What should people do in order to win the war against AIDS? The main idea of the fourth part: Fighting against AIDS entails everyone’s involvement and forces each of us to be an educator and learn to live. 3) Language points Key words ① acquire vt. get by one’s own work, skill, etc. 获得；学到 如： The police are trying to get their man. 警察正在努力抓住那个人。 obtain 常常指凭努力、要求、恳求而达到目的或得到所希望的东西。 如：He obtained his wish after a long period of hard labor. 经过强当长的一段时间的辛苦劳作，他终于实现了他的愿望。 Gain 指经过奋斗或竞争而达到目的。所得到的东西常有一定价值，特别是实际价值， 但不直接与钱连用
In this way they gained an advantage over the enemy. 就这样，他们获得了敌人没有的优势。 wm指在相互的较量中获得优势而赢得 如：Ne won at volleyball,.but lost at tennis. 排球我们赢了，但网球输了。 acge表示的是通过逐渐积累而获得，常用过去分词acquired表示非继承的、非天 生或非固有的以与inherited或innate相区别。 如： is not an easy thing of painting 习得绘画的知识是不容易的。 ②immune 1)unable to diseased or hurt because special powers in oneself免疫的 n. the state of having none or not enough of 不足，缺乏：缺点。缺陷 ④educate vt teach:train the nature of教育 【例句】You should our children to mind their manners 你迎教有孩注行为举 【记忆】前缀c出，词根duc引导，ae动词后缀，表示“把人从无知中引导出 来”，转为受教有”。educator n.教有家：education m.教有：educational a教有的， 教有性的：educated a.受过教有的，有教养的 【辨析】educate, coach instruct teach ate 教有受加练 常用于被动 coach为参加考试或竞赛而轴导，指导某人用coach sb.for/in sth. instruct指导，教育，指对某种科学或技巧进行具体的指导 teach“教”的一般用语，后跟双宾，其搭配是teach sth.to sb./sth ⑤relate r.1)tell(a story)讲述 【例句】our troublesto him,asking hisadvice 我们向他讲述我们的困难，征求他的意见 2)see or show a joining between将-联系起 【例句】Ican'trele what he does to what he says 我不能把他说的和他做的联系起来 infect I)put disease into the body of(someone)感染 【例句】One of the boys in the class had a fever and he soon infected other children. 班上的一个孩子发烧了，不久他就传染了其他的孩子。 2)affect influence影响 【例句】uy 0 eced the of the class 露西的热情很快就感染了班上其他同学 ⑦constitute vt.make up,form组成（同comprise) ⑧resource
如：In this way they gained an advantage over the enemy. 就这样，他们获得了敌人没有的优势。 win 指在相互的较量中获得优势而赢得······。 如：We won at volleyball, but lost at tennis. 排球我们赢了，但网球输了。 acquire 表示的是通过逐渐积累而获得，常用过去分词 acquired 表示非继承的、非天 生或非固有的以与 inherited 或 innate 相区别。 如：It is not an easy thing to acquire a knowledge of painting. 习得绘画的知识是不容易的。 ② immune a. 1)unable to be diseased or hurt because of special powers in oneself 免疫的 ③ deficiency n. the state of having none or not enough of 不足，缺乏；缺点, 缺陷 ④ educate vt. teach; train the nature of 教育 【例句】You should educate your children to mind their manners. 你应该教育孩子注意行为举止。 【记忆】前缀 e-出，词根 duc 引导，-ate 动词后缀，表示“把人从无 知 中 引 导 出 来”，转为“受教育”。educator n.教育家； education n.教育；educational a.教育的, 教育性的；educated a.受过教育的, 有教养的 【辨析】educate, coach, instruct, teach educate “教育，受训练”， 常用于被动 coach 为参加考试或竞赛而辅导，指导某人用 coach sb. for /in sth. instruct 指导，教育，指对某种科学或技巧进行具体的指导 teach “教” 的一般用语，后跟双宾，其搭配是 teach sth. to sb./sth. ⑤ relate vt. 1) tell (a story)讲述 【例句】We related our troubles to him, asking his advice. 我们向他讲述我们的困难，征求他的意见。 2) see or show a joining between 将······联系起 【例句】I can’t relate what he does to what he says. 我不能把他说的和他做的联系起来。 ⑥ infect vt. 1) put disease into the body of (someone) 感染 【例句】One of the boys in the class had a fever and he soon infected other children. 班上的一个孩子发烧了，不久他就传染了其他的孩子。 2) affect; influence 影响 【例句】Lucy’s enthusiasm soon infected the rest of the class. 露西的热情很快就感染了班上其他同学。 ⑦ constitute vt. make up; form 组成 (同 comprise) ⑧ resource
n.(usu.pl.)a possession (esp.of a country)in the form of wealth of goods ⑨literacy n.the sta ⑩illustrate vt.show the meaning of (sth.)by related pictures or examples 【辨析】elaborate. illustrate 意为 详细说明”强调具体说明细节，后可接介词on/upon 一项 uae多指用图或例子“说明、阐述”。 :These graphs illustrate the results of the experiment. 这些图表说明实验的结果。 11.risk n.a dange 危险，风险 【例句】Polluted water supplies are a risk to public health 受到污染的供水对公共健康造成了危害。 t.place in danger目着.的危险 【例句】You are risking a conflict with y 学很可能导致你与父母2间的冲突 rents by dropping out of school. 12.pressure n.the conditions of work,a way of living etc which cause worry,stress and difficulty 压力 【例句】They put eon the government to change thislaw 他们对政府施加压力， 要求政府修改这一法律。 13.define t.give the meaning of.describe exactly下定义，描述 14 solution n(to)an answer to a problem解决，解答 15.threaten express or be a waming that one is going to hurt punish.et.扬言：威胁 16.efficiency 见效率 Phrases and Expressions I.be infected with:have or carry(a disease)感染（疾病） 【例句】h 伤口被细菌感染了。 【练习】血检表明这个人染上了艾滋病病毒。 The blood test shows that the man was infectedwith the HIV virus. 2.in place of:instead of代替 【例句】In place ofa lectu e we will be showing a film 我们不去做报告，而是放电影 If I refused to go,they would send someone else in my place 如果我拒绝去的话，他们会派别人代替我去。 【练习】约翰代替经理参加会议，因为经理患了重感骨
n. (usu. pl.) a possession (esp. of a country ) in the form of wealth of goods 资源 ⑨ literacy n. the state of being able to read and/or write 文化；识字 ⑩ illustrate vt. show the meaning of (sth.) by related pictures or examples 说明 【辨析】elaborate, illustrate elaborate 意为“详细说明”;强调具体说明细节，后可接介词 on/upon， 如：elaborate a plan 仔细制订一项计 划； illustrate 多指用图或例子“说明、阐述”。 如：These graphs illustrate the results of the experiment. 这些图表说明实验的结果。 11.risk n. a danger 危险，风险 【例句】Polluted water supplies are a risk to public health. 受到污染的供水对公共健康造成了危害。 vt. place in danger 冒着······的危险 【例句】You are risking a conflict with your parents by dropping out of school. 辍学很可能导致你与父母之间的冲突。 12. pressure n. the conditions of work, a way of living, etc. which cause worry, stress and difficulty 压力 【例句】They put pressure on the government to change this law. 他们对政府施加压力，要求政府修改这一法律。 13. define vt. give the meaning of; describe exactly 下定义，描述 14. solution n. (to) an answer to a problem 解决，解答 15. threaten v. express or be a warning that one is going to hurt, punish, etc. 扬言；威胁 16. efficiency n. 效率 Phrases and Expressions 1. be infected with: have or carry (a disease) 感染（疾病） 【例句】The wound was infected with germ. 伤口被细菌感染了。 【练习】 血检表明这个人染上了艾滋病病毒。 The blood test shows that the man was infected with the HIV virus. 2. in place of: instead of 代替 【例句】In place of a lecture we will be showing a film. 我们不去做报告，而是放电影。 If I refused to go, they would send someone else in my place. 如果我拒绝去的话，他们会派别人代替我去。 【练习】 约翰代替经理参加会议，因为经理患了重感冒
John is to attend the meeting in place of the manager.who has come down with a bad cold. 【扩展】in the first place 首先：inplace:在适当的位置 take place::发生：replace/take the place of代 3.suffer from:experience (sth.unpleasant e.g.an illness) .之苦，忠（某种疾病） 【例句】He suffered a great deal from cold and hungry. 他饥寒交迫。 她电 的脑部疾病。 【练习】她惠有严重的头 She suffered terribly fiom headache 4.as a result::therefore因此，结果 【例句】He slipped and broke his leg Asa,he will have to be away from the rat least two months 他滑了 一跤，摔断了腿。因此，他不得不离开学校至少两个月 Asasu of the pilots'strike,all flights have had to be cancelled. 由于飞行员罢工，所有的航班都被取消了。 【练习】他生病初期拒绝接受治疗，结果病情严重恶化。 He refused to have medical attention in the early stages of his complaint and a resut he b me ser usyi训 【扩展】as a result作连词，后面跟结果：而as a result of作介词，后接名词，表示原因。 He was late as a result of the snow. 因为下雪，他来晚了。 dless of:not influe edbw不管，不 out my plan regardles o/the 我决心把计划干到底不管后果如何。 【练习】The law requires equal treatment for all,regardless of race,.religion,or sex 法律要求平等对待所有人，不管他们的种族、宗教或性别。 6.distract from:take one's attention from使分心 【例句】C ther matters 有关战争 的报道是 用来分散公众对其他事情的注意力 【练习】请把电视机关掉，因为噪音会使她分心，以致无法专心做家庭作业。 Please turn off the TV,because the noise will distract her from her homework. 7.at risk:in danger有危险，有风险 【例句】The disease eading widely.so all the children below 5 那种疾病广 传播开 岁以下 的孩子都有得病的危险 【练习】有得病危险的人如果采纳医生的意见的话，心脏病是可以避免的， Heart disease can be avoided if people at rsk take medical advice. 8.threaten to do sth.:give warning that one may hurt or punish扬言要 【例句】His father t ed to beat the boy if he stole agair 男孩的父 办说如果他再偷东西的话，就要揍他 【练习】 那个杀人犯扬言说，如果我不服从的话，他就杀了我 The killer threatened to murder me if Ididn'tobey
John is to attend the meeting in place of the manager, who has come down with a bad cold. 【扩展】in the first place: 首先；in place: 在适当的位置； take place: 发生；replace/take the place of 代替 3. suffer from: experience (sth. unpleasant e.g. an illness)受······之苦,患(某种疾病) 【例句】He suffered a great deal from cold and hungry. 他饥寒交迫。 She suffers from a rare disease of the brain. 她患有一种罕见的脑部疾病。 【练习】 她患有严重的头痛。 She suffered terribly from headache. 4. as a result: therefore 因此，结果 【例句】 He slipped and broke his leg. As a result, he will have to be away from the school for at least two months. 他滑了一跤,摔断了腿。因此，他不得不离开学校至少两个月。 As a result of the pilots’ strike, all flights have had to be cancelled. 由于飞行员罢工，所有的航班都被取消了。 【练习】 他生病初期拒绝接受治疗，结果病情严重恶化。 He refused to have medical attention in the early stages of his complaint, and as a result he became seriously ill. 【扩展】as a result 作连词, 后面跟结果；而 as a result of 作介词,后接名词,表示原因。 He was late as a result of the snow. 因为下雪，他来晚了。 5.regardless of: not influenced by 不管，不顾 【例句】I will carry out my plan regardless of the consequences. 我决心把计划干到底,不管后果如何。 【练习】The law requires equal treatment for all, regardless of race, religion, or sex. 法律要求平等对待所有人，不管他们的种族、宗教或性别。 6. distract from: take one’s attention from 使分心 【例句】Coverage of the war was used to distract attention from other matters. 有关战争的报道是用来分散公众对其他事情的注意力。 【练习】 请把电视机关掉，因为噪音会使她分心，以致无法专心做家庭作业。 Please turn off the TV, because the noise will distract her from her homework. 7. at risk: in danger 有危险，有风险 【例句】The disease is spreading widely, so all the children below 5 are at risk. 那种疾病广泛地传播开来，5 岁以下的孩子都有得病的危险。 【练习】 有得病危险的人如果采纳医生的意见的话，心脏病是可以避免的。 Heart disease can be avoided if people at risk take medical advice. 8. threaten to do sth.: give warning that one may hurt or punish 扬言要······ 【例句】His father threatened to beat the boy if he stole again. 男孩的父亲威胁说如果他再偷东西的话，就要揍他。 【练习】 那个杀人犯扬言说，如果我不服从的话，他就杀了我。 The killer threatened to murder me if I didn’t obey
Step 3 Consolidation development Why do peoplet pale at the mention D?(Why op feel uncomfortable talking about AIDS?What are the cultural,racial,or social barriers that distract people from fighting against AlDS?) 2.What ways can we take to guard against it? 2)Translation work 这场灾难促使我们要与不良的饮食习惯作斗争。 This disaster pushes us to combat our bad habits of eating and drinking 2.他的文章奠定了他作为现代数学领域最重要的人物之一的地位。 His paper has established him as one of the most important figures in modern mathematics 3.他不允许任何事情干扰他的研究 d not a stract him from the research he was conducting 4.那个女人被确诊患了糖尿病。 TThe woman is diagnosed with diabetes 5.医生诊断此病为癌症。 The doctor diagr sed the illness as c ance 6.激烈的讨论中出现了各种看法 Different ideas/views emerged in the heated discussion 7.他用统计数据来说明观点。 He illustrated his point with statistics 8.不管花名少钱，我们都要尽最大努力按时完工 We will do our hest to ect on time regardless ofthe cost 9.士兵冒着生命危险去救落水的女孩 The soldier risked his life to save the drowning girl. 10.十二个月组成一年。 Twelve months constitute a vear Step4 Section B 1)Reading skill:Looking for the major detail of a paragraph Introduction: For this unit as you find in your students'book.we focus on the maior details of paragraphs From the students'book we learn that when we are reading a paragraph,we should first try to identifyand then try to separate the major detail fromthe small important details Hereare eways to help you lo te then major detail. 1.Learn to read for the main idea If you identify the main idea easily,the facts to support that idea will stand out. 2.Know that all facts and details are not equal in importance.Look only for the facts that relate to the main idea Reading Skills: Practice Directions. Read the following paragraphs from Reading Passage B.Then answer the following questions. I climbed the ladder,heard my dive announced,and commenced the moves that would
Step 3 Consolidation & development 1) Further discussion 1. Why do people turn pale at the mention of AIDS? (Why do some people feel uncomfortable talking about AIDS? What are the cultural, racial, or social barriers that distract people from fighting against AIDS? ) 2. What ways can we take to guard against it? 2) Translation work Translate the following 1. 这场灾难促使我们要与不良的饮食习惯作斗争。 This disaster pushes us to combat our bad habits of eating and drinking. 2. 他的文章奠定了他作为现代数学领域最重要的人物之一的地位。 His paper has established him as one of the most important figures in modern mathematics. 3. 他不允许任何事情干扰他的研究, He did not allow anything to distract him from the research he was conducting. 4. 那个女人被确诊患了糖尿病。 The woman is diagnosed with diabetes. 5. 医生诊断此病为癌症。 The doctor diagnosed the illness as cancer. 6. 激烈的讨论中出现了各种看法。 Different ideas/views emerged in the heated discussion. 7. 他用统计数据来说明观点。 He illustrated his point with statistics. 8. 不管花多少钱，我们都要尽最大努力按时完工。 We will do our best to complete the project on time regardless of the cost. 9. 士兵冒着生命危险去救落水的女孩。 The soldier risked his life to save the drowning girl. 10. 十二个月组成一年。 Twelve months constitute a year. Step 4 Section B 1) Reading skill: Looking for the major detail of a paragraph Introduction: For this unit as you find in your students’ book, we focus on the major details of paragraphs. From the students’ book we learn that when we are reading a paragraph, we should first try to identify and then try to separate the major detail from the small or less important details. Here are some ways to help you locate the major detail. 1. Learn to read for the main idea. If you identify the main idea easily, the facts to support that idea will stand out. 2. Know that all facts and details are not equal in importance. Look only for the facts that relate to the main idea. Reading Skills: Practice Directions: Read the following paragraphs from Reading Passage B. Then answer the following questions. i. I climbed the ladder, heard my dive announced, and commenced the moves that would
thrust me into the air.Pushing off the diving board with my legs.I lifted my arms and shoulders back,and knew immediately I would the board and mighhit my hands.I tried to correct myself as I turned,spreading my hands wide apart.Then I heard a strange sound and my body lost control.Moments later I realized I had hit my head on the board.(Para.I) (1).What is the main idea of the paragraph? A.He started his dive B.He made a beautiful dive C.He hit his hands when diving D.He hurt himself when diving A.He climbed the ladder B.He started his dive C.He hit his head on the board. D.He lifted his arms and shoulders back Key:D.C ii. Initially.I felt embarrassment.I wanted to hide.to get out of the pool without anyone seeing me.Next I felt intense fear.Had I cut my head?Was I bleeding?Was there blood in the pool?Swimming to the side.I noticed many shocked faces.People were worried ning.An official "Don't touch mel"I felt like screaming "Get away from me!"(Para.2) (1)What is the main idea of the paragraph? A.He felt e B.He felt intense fea C.He was very worried about something serious D He wanted to hide himself (2)elect one major detail from the paragraph. A.He wanted to hide,not to be C.He was very worried that his wound had left blood in the pool. D.He was angry with the people who wanted to have a look at his wounded head. Kev:C.C These were the ils for the 19Olympics in Seoul Korea Until this dive.I had been ahead.But now,something ese was more significant thar winning might hav endangered other divers'lives if I had spilled blood in the pool.For what I knew-tha few others knew-was that I was HIV-positive.(Para 3) (1)What is the main idea of the paragraph?
thrust me into the air. Pushing off the diving board with my legs, I lifted my arms and shoulders back, and knew immediately I would be close to the board and might hit my hands. I tried to correct myself as I turned, spreading my hands wide apart. Then I heard a strange sound and my body lost control. Moments later I realized I had hit my head on the board. (Para. 1) (1).What is the main idea of the paragraph? A. He started his dive. B. He made a beautiful dive. C. He hit his hands when diving. D. He hurt himself when diving. (2).Select one major detail from the paragraph. A. He climbed the ladder. B. He started his dive. C. He hit his head on the board. D. He lifted his arms and shoulders back. Key: D, C ii. Initially, I felt embarrassment. I wanted to hide, to get out of the pool without anyone seeing me. Next I felt intense fear. Had I cut my head? Was I bleeding? Was there blood in the pool? Swimming to the side, I noticed many shocked faces. People were worried about my head; I was worried about something far more threatening. An official examined my head. In haste, I pushed him away, and everyone else who approached me. “Don’t touch me!” I felt like screaming. “Get away from me!” (Para. 2) (1)What is the main idea of the paragraph? A. He felt embarrassment. B. He felt intense fear. C. He was very worried about something serious. D. He wanted to hide himself. (2)Select one major detail from the paragraph. A. He wanted to hide, not to be seen by anyone. B. People showed much concern about his wound. C. He was very worried that his wound had left blood in the pool. D. He was angry with the people who wanted to have a look at his wounded head. Key: C, C iii. These were the trials for the 1988 Olympics in Seoul, Korea. Until this dive, I had been ahead. But now, something else was more significant than winning. I might have endangered other divers’ lives if I had spilled blood in the pool. For what I knew—that few others knew—was that I was HIV-positive. (Para. 3) (1)What is the main idea of the paragraph?
A.There was something more significant than winning B.He was HIV-positiv D.Winning is more important than anything else. (2)Select one major detail from the paragraph. A.He was HⅢV-positive. well in the diving event &eemhe her vers油DS一 pool. D.He did not want others to learn that he was HIV-positive. Kev:A.C 2)Grammar Key words L.commence戈begin;sart开始 【例句】After dinner.he commenced his homework 吃过晚饭之后，他开始做家庭作业。 【搭配】commence with以.开始 The ntroduction to Art Theory commence(doing)sth.开始（做）某事 The planes commenced bombing at midnight. 2.anart ad1)separate by a distance分开地（同separately) 【例句】The two sportsmen stood apart,.waiting for the signal to fight 两个运动员分开站着，等待信号开始比赛」 2)(imm)except for除了 之外 【例句】Apart from this consideration,there is no reason why we should not do so. 除非考虑这一点，否则我们就没有理由不这样做。 C记亿】前缀a离开，词根pat分、部分，“分隔开”apariment公宝 【搭配】时间/距离名词+a at相距.久/远t ars/two miles apart seput sth.apart保留，留用 tell apart区别 be torn apart被拆开The good marriage was torn apart by external forces. take apart The mechanics took the engine apart skillfully. 2.intense:a.srong((in qualityor feeling)强烈的 【例句】She did not 她没有出去，因为天气很冷 intense cold. 【辨析】intense,intensive intense意思是“非常的：强烈的”，常用来形容某种性质或感情，表示很高或达到极端的程 度。如：intense beat酷热 intensive含有强烈的”意思，但更强调精细的：集中的如：cid end two months to make n intensive study of Chinese history.我决定花2个月时间来集中学习中国历史。 4.haste n.quick movement or action 【例句】William said that the work must be finished with all possible haste. 威廉说这项工作必须尽快完成
A. There was something more significant than winning. B. He was HIV-positive. C. He was ahead of others for the diving event in the 1988 Olympics in Seoul, Korea. D. Winning is more important than anything else. (2)Select one major detail from the paragraph. A. He was HIV-positive. B. He was doing wonderfully well in the diving event. C. He was very worried that he might infect other divers with AIDS as he spilled his blood in the pool. D. He did not want others to learn that he was HIV-positive. Key: A, C 2) Grammar Key words 1. commence v. begin; start 开始 【例句】After dinner, he commenced his homework. 吃过晚饭之后，他开始做家庭作业。 【搭配】commence with 以······开始 The course commences with a one week introduction to Art Theory. commence（doing）sth. 开始(做)某事 The planes commenced bombing at midnight. 2. apart ad. 1) separate by a distance 分开地（同 separately） 【例句】The two sportsmen stood apart, waiting for the signal to fight. 两个运动员分开站着，等待信号开始比赛。 2) (from) except for 除了······之外 【例句】Apart from this consideration, there is no reason why we should not do so. 除非考虑这一点，否则我们就没有理由不这样做。 【记忆】前缀 a- 离开，词根 part 分、部分，“分隔开” apartment n. 公寓 【搭配】时间/距离名词+apart 相距······久/远 two days/five years/two miles apart set/put sth. apart 保留，留用 tell apart 区别 be torn apart 被拆开 The good marriage was torn apart by external forces. take apart 拆开 The mechanics took the engine apart skillfully. 2. intense : a. strong (in quality or feeling) 强烈的 【例句】She did not go out because of the intense cold. 她没有出去，因为天气很冷。 【辨析】intense, intensive intense 意思是“非常的；强烈的”, 常用来形容某种性质或感情, 表示很高或达到极端的程 度。如：intense heat 酷热 intensive 含有“强烈的” 意思，但更强调“精细的；集中的”。如：I decided to spend two months to make an intensive study of Chinese history. 我决定花 2 个月时间来集中学习中国历史。 4. haste n. quick movement or action 匆忙 【例句】William said that the work must be finished with all possible haste. 威廉说这项工作必须尽快完成
In my haste I forgot to lock the door 匆忙之中，我忘记锁门了。 5.approach:come near to靠近，接近 【例句】The day of the holiday is approaching. 假期快来临了。 As we approached the house.we found a man going out of it. 走近这栋房子时，我们看到一个人从屋内出来 n.)the act of coming near靠近 【例句】The rain shows the approach of spring 这场雨表示春天已经来临。 2)a means or way of entering途径：通道 【例句】There are several approaches to the gymnasium. 有多条通往体育馆的通道 3)(to)a way or method of doing sth.方式、方法 【例句】He seems to have a good approach to the problem. 他好像有解决问颗的好方法。 6.endanger:u.cause danger to危及，使遭受危险 【例句】You will endar 7.adopt:v.1)take into one's family and take on the responsibility as a parent 【例句】Many childless couples adopted children. 许多不有夫妇收养了孩子。 2)se采取：采用 【例句】T flexible approachtoyoung ff 人们要求法庭对待年轻的罪犯采用更为灵活的方法。 &.explore:h.travel into or through(a place)for the purpose of discovery探索：探讨 【例句】Many Europeans explored the continent of Africa in the 19 h century. 19世纪.许多欧洲人到非洲大陆探险 【记忆】explorer探险家 9.prior:a.carlier,coming or planned before先前的：预先的（同previous 【例句】In emergency,.children are always prior to all others to be considered 在发生紧急情况时，总是代先老虑儿童。 IO.confuse:u.cause tobe mistaken,fail to tell the difference between弄错，使困惑：混淆 【例句】The fused the teacher by ha ng the same nam 他们名字相同，致使老师 【记忆】前缀con-一起，词根fuse灌、流注，把不同的东西倒在一块”。confusionn.混乱 混淆：confused a.困惑的.顷恼的：confusine a使人困惑的 Il.compete:i.take part in(a game.a match.etc.)竞争，比赛 【例句】The young tennis player has often competed against famous players,.butso far he has n b 那位年轻的网球运动员常与著名球员对抗比赛，可是到目前为止，他总是在输 【搭配】compete against/with 与 .竞争 compete for 争取. compete in/at 在中比赛
In my haste I forgot to lock the door. 匆忙之中，我忘记锁门了。 5. approach : v. come near to 靠近，接近 【例句】The day of the holiday is approaching. 假期快来临了。 As we approached the house, we found a man going out of it. 走近这栋房子时，我们看到一个人从屋内出来。 n. 1) the act of coming near 靠近 【例句】The rain shows the approach of spring. 这场雨表示春天已经来临。 2) a means or way of entering 途径；通道 【例句】There are several approaches to the gymnasium. 有多条通往体育馆的通道。 3) (to) a way or method of doing sth. 方式、方法 【例句】He seems to have a good approach to the problem. 他好像有解决问题的好方法。 6. endanger: vt. cause danger to 危及，使遭受危险 【例句】You will endanger your health if you smoke. 你如果吸烟, 就会危及健康。 7. adopt: vt. 1) take into one’s family and take on the responsibility as a parent 收养 【例句】Many childless couples adopted children. 许多不育夫妇收养了孩子。 2) use 采取；采用 【例句】The courts were asked to adopt a more flexible approach to young offenders. 人们要求法庭对待年轻的罪犯采用更为灵活的方法。 8. explore : vt. travel into or through (a place) for the purpose of discovery 探索；探讨 【例句】 Many Europeans explored the continent of Africa in the 19th century. 19 世纪，许多欧洲人到非洲大陆探险。 【记忆】explorer n. 探险家； exploration n. 探险 9. prior: a. earlier; coming or planned before 先前的；预先的（同 previous） 【例句】In emergency, children are always prior to all others to be considered. 在发生紧急情况时，总是优先考虑儿童。 10. confuse: vt. cause to be mistaken; fail to tell the difference between 弄错，使困惑；混淆 【例句】They confused the teacher by having the same name. 他们名字相同，致使老师常弄错。 【记忆】前缀 con-一起，词根 fuse 灌、流注，“把不同的东西倒在一块”。confusion n. 混乱, 混淆； confused a. 困惑的, 烦恼的；confusing a. 使人困惑的 11. compete : vi. take part in (a game, a match, etc.) 竞争，比赛 【例句】The young tennis player has often competed against famous players, but so far he has always been beaten. 那位年轻的网球运动员常与著名球员对抗比赛，可是到目前为止，他总是在输。 【搭配】 compete against/ with 与······竞争 compete for 争取······ compete in/ at 在······中比赛