《新编大学英语》翻译教学课件（PPT讲稿，第三版第四册，Translation and Writing）Lecture 03 英语长句的翻译（3）拆分译法2/2

Part Four:Writing and Translation >Translation Return Knowing About Translation 英泽议的长句泽(3) 拆分译法 英语长句往往由主从复合句构成， 结构严谨，翻译时可按照汉语多用短 句的习惯，把长句的从句或短语分解 为若干分句，再逐句翻译，这称为拆 分译法。拆分主要有以下方法：

Knowing About Translation Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation 英译汉的长句翻译（3） ——拆分译法 英语长句往往由主从复合句构成， 结构严谨，翻译时可按照汉语多用短 句的习惯，把长句的从句或短语分解 为若干分句，再逐句翻译，这称为拆 分译法。拆分主要有以下方法：

Part Four:Writing and Translation>>Translation Return 1.将英语原句中的并列复合句拆分 1)It was equally clear that the Chinese agree on what is right or wrong in most situations;in casual encounters with Benjamin and other Western children,they were simply exhibiting their shared beliefs. 翻译：另外一点也很清楚，在多数情况下，什么是对的，什么 是不对的，这些中国人都有一致的看法。在和本杰明及 其他西方小孩的随意交往中，他们都展现了自己的共同 看法。 分析：把英语原句中用分号连接的两个并列从句，拆分成两个 独立的句子，并将每个句子中的不同成分，也按照意 思和逻辑关系分成一个个短句，这样使译文的句子不 会太长，而且层次分明，意思清晰

Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation 1．将英语原句中的并列复合句拆分 翻译：另外一点也很清楚，在多数情况下，什么是对的，什么 是不对的，这些中国人都有一致的看法。在和本杰明及 其他西方小孩的随意交往中，他们都展现了自己的共同 看法。 1) It was equally clear that the Chinese agree on what is right or wrong in most situations; in casual encounters with Benjamin and other Western children, they were simply exhibiting their shared beliefs. 分析：把英语原句中用分号连接的两个并列从句，拆分成两个 独立的句子，并将每个句子中的不同成分，也按照意 思和逻辑关系分成一个个短句，这样使译文的句子不 会太长，而且层次分明，意思清晰

Part Four:Writing and Translation>>Translation Return 2)Some people may worry that this is suggesting one sex is better than the other,but a moment's reflection should allay this fear. 翻译：一些人也许会担心：这意味着一种性别比另一种性 别更优越。但稍稍思考一下，就清楚对此不必过分 担忧。 分析：英语原句是由转折连词but连接的并 列句，在译成汉语时，将两个并列 句译成了两个独立的句子

Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation 2) Some people may worry that this is suggesting one sex is better than the other, but a moment’s reflection should allay this fear. 分析：英语原句是由转折连词but连接的并 列句，在译成汉语时，将两个并列 句译成了两个独立的句子。 翻译：一些人也许会担心：这意味着一种性别比另一种性 别更优越。但稍稍思考一下，就清楚对此不必过分 担忧

Part Four:Writing and Translation>>Translation Return 3)Now it might be thought that Benjamin's appearance-he is Chinese,and we adopted him in Taiwan-encouraged this intervention;but similar intrusive interventions are reported by Westerners whose children do not look the least bit Chinese. 翻译：可能会有人认为本杰明的外貌容易让人这样 做，因为他是中国人，是我们在台湾收养的。 但是其他西方人也报道过类似的干预，他们 的孩子可是一点儿都不像中国人

Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation 3) Now it might be thought that Benjamin’s appearance—he is Chinese, and we adopted him in Taiwan—encouraged this intervention; but similar intrusive interventions are reported by Westerners whose children do not look the least bit Chinese. 翻译：可能会有人认为本杰明的外貌容易让人这样 做，因为他是中国人，是我们在台湾收养的。 但是其他西方人也报道过类似的干预，他们 的孩子可是一点儿都不像中国人

Part Four:Writing and Translation>>Translation Return 2.定语从句的拆分 2.1在关系代词处拆分 1)Then we begin to read novels,which are stories about people like ourselves,who have to meet either difficulties which are known to all of us or an exceptional set of circumstances calling for the exercise of great courage and skill. 翻译：然后我们开始阅读小说。这些小说的主人公都像我们一 样，他们不得不遇到我们熟知的困难，或需要坚强勇气及 熟练技巧才能度过的特殊环境。 分析：英语原句中第一部分是主句，第二部分是关系代词 which引导的定语从句，翻译时把主句和从句在关系代词 处作了拆分

Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation 2．定语从句的拆分 2.1 在关系代词处拆分 分析：英语原句中第一部分是主句，第二部分是关系代词 which引导的定语从句，翻译时把主句和从句在关系代词 处作了拆分。 1) Then we begin to read novels, which are stories about people like ourselves, who have to meet either difficulties which are known to all of us or an exceptional set of circumstances calling for the exercise of great courage and skill. 翻译：然后我们开始阅读小说。这些小说的主人公都像我们一 样，他们不得不遇到我们熟知的困难，或需要坚强勇气及 熟练技巧才能度过的特殊环境

Part Four:Writing and Translation>>Translation Return 2)Even top corporate managers,who have mostly affected styles of leadership that can be characterized only as tough,cold and aloof,have begun to learn the lesson,and earn the benefits,of writing notes that lift people up. 翻译：那些通常做作的公司高层经理们，其领导作风可以被形 容为强硬、冷漠、脱离群众。甚至这些人也开始学习写 便笺去鼓舞人心，且获益匪浅。 分析：从译文中可以看出，由who引 导的定语从句被翻译成独立的句 子，并放在由主句译成的另一个 独立的句子前面

Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation 2) Even top corporate managers, who have mostly affected styles of leadership that can be characterized only as tough, cold and aloof, have begun to learn the lesson, and earn the benefits, of writing notes that lift people up. 分析：从译文中可以看出，由who引 导的定语从句被翻译成独立的句 子，并放在由主句译成的另一个 独立的句子前面。 翻译：那些通常做作的公司高层经理们，其领导作风可以被形 容为强硬、冷漠、脱离群众。甚至这些人也开始学习写 便笺去鼓舞人心，且获益匪浅

Part Four:Writing and Translation>>Translation Return 2.2在关系副词或介词如关系代词处拆分 1)"She doesn't like boys,and just listens to the girls," said a boy in another class,where his sex got 63 per cent of the teacher's attention. 翻译：“她不喜欢男生，她只听女生发言，”另一个班上的 一位男生说。而在他的班上，男生占据了老师63%的注 意力。 分析：英语原句中第一部分是主句，第二部 分是关系副词where引导的定语从句， 翻译时把主句和从句在关系副词处作 了拆分

Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation 1) “She doesn’t like boys, and just listens to the girls,” said a boy in another class, where his sex got 63 per cent of the teacher’s attention. 2.2 在关系副词或介词加关系代词处拆分 分析：英语原句中第一部分是主句，第二部 分是关系副词where引导的定语从句， 翻译时把主句和从句在关系副词处作 了拆分。 翻译： “她不喜欢男生，她只听女生发言，”另一个班上的 一位男生说。而在他的班上，男生占据了老师63%的注 意力

Part Four:Writing and Translation >Translation Return 2)It was the moment I ceased being a child,when I began to have an adult's awareness of the pain and tragedy in life. 翻译：在那一刻，我不再是个孩子了。那 时，我开始用成人的眼光来看待生 活中存在的痛苦与悲伤。 分析：此句第一部分是主句，第二部分是关 系副词when引导的定语从句，翻译时 在此处切断，译成两个独立的句子

Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation 2) It was the moment I ceased being a child, when I began to have an adult’s awareness of the pain and tragedy in life. 分析：此句第一部分是主句，第二部分是关 系副词when引导的定语从句，翻译时 在此处切断，译成两个独立的句子。 翻译：在那一刻，我不再是个孩子了。那 时，我开始用成人的眼光来看待生 活中存在的痛苦与悲伤

Part Four:Writing and Translation>>Translation Return 3)Chinese "cross-talk"is a special type of slap-stick in which two Chinese comedians humorously discuss topics such as bureaucrats,family problems,or other personal topics. 翻译：中国的相声是一种特殊的滑稽剧。 林相 相声中两名中国喜剧演员幽默地 谈论诸如官僚主义者、家庭问题 或其他一些有关个人的话题。 分析：把英语原句中“in which”引导的定语从句拆开，译成 一个独立的句子，使译文结构清晰，意思明确，句子又 不会太长

Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation 3) Chinese “cross-talk” is a special type of slap-stick in which two Chinese comedians humorously discuss topics such as bureaucrats, family problems, or other personal topics. 分析：把英语原句中“in which”引导的定语从句拆开，译成 一个独立的句子，使译文结构清晰，意思明确，句子又 不会太长。 翻译：中国的相声是一种特殊的滑稽剧。 相声中两名中国喜剧演员幽默地 谈论诸如官僚主义者、家庭问题 或其他一些有关个人的话题

Part Four:Writing and Translation>>Translation Return 3.在非谓语动词处拆分 Then they went to the southern part of the island,but found it rocky and covered with bushes,growing so thickly that it was not easy to push one's way through. 翻译：接着他们到岛的南部，只见遍地岩石与灌木丛。灌木 丛长得相当浓密，要穿过去实在不容易。 分析：此句的非谓语动词短语“growing so thickly that it was not easy to push one's way through”作为定 语修饰bushes,在翻译时把此处与主句作了拆分，而 且这一短语本身也分译成汉语的两个短句

Part Four: Writing and Translation >> Translation Then they went to the southern part of the island, but found it rocky and covered with bushes, growing so thickly that it was not easy to push one’s way through. 3．在非谓语动词处拆分 分析：此句的非谓语动词短语“growing so thickly that it was not easy to push one's way through”作为定 语修饰bushes，在翻译时把此处与主句作了拆分，而 且这一短语本身也分译成汉语的两个短句。 翻译：接着他们到岛的南部，只见遍地岩石与灌木丛。灌木 丛长得相当浓密，要穿过去实在不容易