浙江广播电视大学 英语专业（开放本科） 《高级英语写作》教学辅导2 Unit 1 2 Q:What does this writing course teach me? A:It brings you a wealth of benefits. It leads you to appreciate good writing and think and learn about what good writing is:it guides you to write better by guiding you through practical and realistic tasks:it helps you to write,think,and communicate more effectively,with greater range and variety,and with greater understanding of writer's techniques.In addition,this course teaches you how to cope with procrastination,anxiety and lack of "inspiration". A lot of students may have had lots of wrong conception like "a writing course really won't help",because good writers are born.not made:Or that writing courses are dull,just a review of boring grammar and punctuation,Or it is not necessary to spend a good deal of time to practice writing at all,as writing in English is not that important in the real world.But the fact is,good writing course may bring you a wealth of benefits.only you won't be able to taste the fruit of your labor until you work through the whole book. Another benefit that you should bear in mind is that taking a writing course helps you to Express yourself more clearly,confidently,and persuasively. This skill will come in handy in the real world.Who knows?It may helps you to write a better love letter! Q:What's the purpose of task 2,activity 1 of Unit 1--write about how I feel about writing in English? Al:Good question!You won't get the answer unless You've actually done the task. Come on!You've got to do this task!Many of the tasks in this course book, as In other books in the series are "to read and to know tasks",That is,you need to read the material,bear in mind the points mentioned in the tasks,that is that.But,this task is a writing task.You've got to write what you feel about writing.af'ter you've read what other students 1
1 浙江广播电视大学 英语专业(开放本科) 《高级英语写作》-教学辅导 2 Unit 1 & 2 Q: What does this writing course teach me? A: It brings you a wealth of benefits. It leads you to appreciate good writing and think and learn about what good writing is; it guides you to write better by guiding you through practical and realistic tasks; it helps you to write, think, and communicate more effectively, with greater range and variety, and with greater understanding of writer’s techniques. In addition, this course teaches you how to cope with procrastination, anxiety and lack of “inspiration”. A lot of students may have had lots of wrong conception like “a writing course really won’t help”, because good writers are born, not made; Or that writing courses are dull, just a review of boring grammar and punctuation, Or it is not necessary to spend a good deal of time to practice writing at all, as writing in English is not that important in the real world. But the fact is, good writing course may bring you a wealth of benefits. only you won’t be able to taste the fruit of your labor until you work through the whole book. Another benefit that you should bear in mind is that taking a writing course helps you to Express yourself more clearly, confidently, and persuasively. This skill will come in handy in the real world. Who knows? It may helps you to write a better love letter! Q: What’s the purpose of task 2, activity 1 of Unit 1---- write about how I feel about writing in English? A1: Good question! You won’t get the answer unless You’ve actually done the task. Come on! You’ve got to do this task! Many of the tasks in this course book, as In other books in the series are “ to read and to know tasks”, That is, you need to read the material, bear in mind the points mentioned in the tasks, that is that. But, this task is a writing task. You’ve got to write what you feel about writing, after you’ve read what other students
feel on the subject.Since you have to do it,why don't you do it now? Get your pen or pencil and a piece of paper,put your ideas.thoughts and feeling down in words.Write the first thing that comes to mind-anything whatsoever.Write nonstop. How do you feel?You don't have the exact words for your feelings? *Why don't you read and reread the extracts fron the writings of Chinese students which describe their feelings?Maybe the extracts can inspire you! *hy don't you share your thoughts with your friends and classmates. you'11 be able to realize that you're not alone in having this problem? Maybe together you can work out a way to do the task!For example:you decide to take a positive attitude towards writing and your friends decides otherwise.You brain storm,and then jot down what you should say.And go back home.do sone editing.and there you are--both of you have done your work! A friendly reminder: Don't forget to edit your work before your hand in your writing to your tutor.Your tutor won't correct your spelling mistakes,grammar mistakes and punctuation errors!That's your responsibility. *hy don't you note down or underline or make an effort to nemorize good phrases to express a person's feelings? A2:now you know why you need to do this task,don't you?By putting your thoughts to paper and by sharing with your tutor/friends/classmates,you get your first taste of writing in English of your personal views_A job which sounds so sinple,but turns out to be otherwise.---you need to organise your thoughts,your need to pick and choose from your vocabulary. etc,and you realise you have a long way to go. Q:Activity 3 is about the writing process.I don't see the importance of following any sort of order.An I right? A:Yes and no.Yes,because you don't need to follow the similar process for all kinds of writing.No,because writing is not easy---any good writing is done after strenuous efforts,you need to go through different stages of writing,anyway,consciously or unconsciously. Take a few minute to read the following extracts from Stephen Reid's college writers.The author's idea may inspire you
2 feel on the subject. Since you have to do it, why don’t you do it now? Get your pen or pencil and a piece of paper, put your ideas, thoughts and feeling down in words. Write the first thing that comes to mind—anything whatsoever. Write nonstop. How do you feel? You don’t have the exact words for your feelings? *Why don’t you read and reread the extracts from the writings of Chinese students which describe their feelings? Maybe the extracts can inspire you! *Why don’t you share your thoughts with your friends and classmates, you’ll be able to realize that you’re not alone in having this problem? Maybe together you can work out a way to do the task! For example: you decide to take a positive attitude towards writing and your friends decides otherwise. You brain storm, and then jot down what you should say. And go back home, do some editing. and there you are--- both of you have done your work! A friendly reminder: Don’t forget to edit your work before your hand in your writing to your tutor. Your tutor won’t correct your spelling mistakes, grammar mistakes and punctuation errors! That’s your responsibility. *Why don’t you note down or underline or make an effort to memorize good phrases to express a person’s feelings? A2: now you know why you need to do this task, don’t you? By putting your thoughts to paper and by sharing with your tutor/friends/classmates, you get your first taste of writing in English of your personal views___ A job which sounds so simple, but turns out to be otherwise. ----you need to organise your thoughts, your need to pick and choose from your vocabulary, etc, and you realise you have a long way to go. Q: Activity 3 is about the writing process. I don’t see the importance of following any sort of order. Am I right? A: Yes and no. Yes, because you don’t need to follow the similar process for all kinds of writing. No, because writing is not easy --- any good writing is done after strenuous efforts, you need to go through different stages of writing, anyway, consciously or unconsciously. Take a few minute to read the following extracts from Stephen Reid’s college writers. The author’s idea may inspire you
Process for writing vary from one writer to the next and from one writing situation to the next,but most writers can identify four basic stages, or dimensions,of their writing process:collection,shaping,drafting and revising.The writing situation nay precede these stages-particularly if you are assigned a subject,purpose,audience,and forn.Usually,however, you continue to narrow your subject,clarify your purpose,meet the needs of your audience,and modify your forn as you go through the stages of your process. Collecting Writers gather and record fact.impressions,opinions,and ideas that are relevant to their subject,purpose,and audience.Mark twain,author of adventures of huck/eberry fimn,Once observed that if you attempt to carry a cat around the block by its tail,you'1l gain a whole lot of information about cats that you'1l never forget.You nay collect such first hand information,or you may rely on the data,experience.or expertise of others. Collecting involves observing,remembering,inagining.thinking.reading. listening.writing.investigating.talking.taking notes,and experinenting.Collecting also involves thinking about relationships anong the collected bits of information. Shaping Writers focus and organise the facts,examples,and ideas that they have collected into the recorded,linear form that is written language.When a hurricane hits the gulf coast,residents of Texas,Louisiana.Mississippi. Alabana,and Florida are likely to collect an enormous amount of data in just a few hours.Rain,floods,tree limbs snapping in the wind,unboarded windows shattering,sirens blaring-all of these events occur nearly simultaneously.If you try to write about such devastation,you need to narrow your focus (you can't deserihe everything that happened)and organise the infornation (you can't describe all of your experiences at the sane tine). A chronological order is just one of the shapes a writer may choose to develop and organise experience.Such shaping strategies also help writers collect additional information and ideas.Reconstructing a chronological order,for example,may suggest for you sone additional details-perhaps a wet,miserable-looking dog running through the heavy downpour-that you might not otherwise have renenbered. Drafting
3 Process for writing vary from one writer to the next and from one writing situation to the next, but most writers can identify four basic stages, or dimensions, of their writing process: collection, shaping, drafting and revising. The writing situation may precede these stages—particularly if you are assigned a subject, purpose, audience, and form. Usually, however, you continue to narrow your subject, clarify your purpose, meet the needs of your audience, and modify your form as you go through the stages of your process. Collecting Writers gather and record fact, impressions, opinions, and ideas that are relevant to their subject, purpose, and audience. Mark twain, author of adventures of huckleberry finn, Once observed that if you attempt to carry a cat around the block by its tail, you’ll gain a whole lot of information about cats that you’ll never forget. You may collect such first hand information, or you may rely on the data, experience, or expertise of others. Collecting involves observing, remembering, imagining, thinking, reading, listening, writing, investigating, talking, taking notes, and experimenting. Collecting also involves thinking about relationships among the collected bits of information. Shaping Writers focus and organise the facts, examples, and ideas that they have collected into the recorded, linear form that is written language. When a hurricane hits the gulf coast, residents of Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida are likely to collect an enormous amount of data in just a few hours. Rain, floods, tree limbs snapping in the wind, unboarded windows shattering, sirens blaring—all of these events occur nearly simultaneously. If you try to write about such devastation, you need to narrow your focus (you can’t describe everything that happened) and organise the information (you can’t describe all of your experiences at the same time). A chronological order is just one of the shapes a writer may choose to develop and organise experience. Such shaping strategies also help writers collect additional information and ideas. Reconstructing a chronological order, for example, may suggest for you some additional details—perhaps a wet, miserable-looking dog running through the heavy downpour—that you might not otherwise have remembered. Drafting
At sone point,writers actually write down a rough version of what will evolve into the finished piece of writing.Drafting processes vary widely from one writer to the next.Some writers prefer to reread their collecting and shaping notes,find a starting point,and launch Thenselves-figuring out what they want to say as they write it.Other writers start with a plan-- a mental strategy,a short list,or an outline-of how they wish to proceed. whatever you use in your draft,write down as much as possible,so you can see whether the infornation is clear.whether your overall shape expresses and clarifies your purpose,and whether the content and organization neet the needs and expectations of the audience. Revising When writers revise a rough draft.they literally "resee"their subject-and then modify the draft to fit the new vision.Revision is more than just tinkering with a word here and there,revision leads to larger changes-new examples or details,a different organization,or reordering words,sentences,and paragraphs.Although revision begins the moment you get your first idea,most revisions are based on the reactions or anticipated reactions of the audience to your draft.You often play the role of audience yourself by putting the draft aside and rereading it later when you have some distance from your writing""revising also includes editing to improve word choice,grammar,usage,or punctuation and proofreading for typos and other surface errors. The whole process In practice,writing process rarely follows the simple,consecutive order that these stages or dimensions suggest.The writing process is actually recursive:it begins at one point,goes on to another,cones back to the first,jumps to the third,and so forth.A stage may last hours or only a second or two.While you write a letter to a friend,you may collect, shape.revise.and edit in one quick draft,while a research paper may require repeated shaping over a two-week period. In addition to the recursive nature of the writing process,keep in mind that writing often occurs during every stage,not just during drafting and revising.during collecting.you will be recording infornation and jotting down ideas.during shaping,you will be writing out trial versions that you may use later when you draft or revise.Throughout the writing process, you use your writing to modify your subject,purpose,audience,and form. The nost important point to keep in mind is that the writing process is unique to each writer and to each writing situation.What works for one writer nay be absolutely wrong for you.Sone writers compose nearly 4
4 At some point, writers actually write down a rough version of what will evolve into the finished piece of writing. Drafting processes vary widely from one writer to the next. Some writers prefer to reread their collecting and shaping notes, find a starting point, and launch Themselves—figuring out what they want to say as they write it. Other writers start with a plan--- a mental strategy, a short list, or an outline—of how they wish to proceed. whatever you use in your draft, write down as much as possible, so you can see whether the information is clear, whether your overall shape expresses and clarifies your purpose, and whether the content and organization meet the needs and expectations of the audience. Revising When writers revise a rough draft, they literally “resee” their subject—and then modify the draft to fit the new vision. Revision is more than just tinkering with a word here and there, revision leads to larger changes—new examples or details, a different organization, or reordering words, sentences, and paragraphs. Although revision begins the moment you get your first idea, most revisions are based on the reactions or anticipated reactions of the audience to your draft. You often play the role of audience yourself by putting the draft aside and rereading it later when you have some distance from your writing…revising also includes editing to improve word choice, grammar, usage, or punctuation and proofreading for typos and other surface errors. The whole process In practice, writing process rarely follows the simple, consecutive order that these stages or dimensions suggest. The writing process is actually recursive: it begins at one point, goes on to another, comes back to the first, jumps to the third, and so forth. A stage may last hours or only a second or two. While you write a letter to a friend, you may collect, shape, revise, and edit in one quick draft, while a research paper may require repeated shaping over a two-week period. In addition to the recursive nature of the writing process, keep in mind that writing often occurs during every stage, not just during drafting and revising. during collecting, you will be recording information and jotting down ideas. during shaping, you will be writing out trial versions that you may use later when you draft or revise. Throughout the writing process, you use your writing to modify your subject, purpose, audience, and form. The most important point to keep in mind is that the writing process is unique to each writer and to each writing situation. What works for one writer may be absolutely wrong for you. Some writers compose nearly
everything in their heads.others write only after discussing the subject with friends or drawing diagrams and pictures.During the writing process, your need to experiment with several collecting,shaping.and drafting strategies to see what works best for you and for that particular piece of writing.As long as your process works,however,it's legitimate---no matter how many times you backstract and repeat states.When you are struggling with a piece of writing.remember that numerous revisions are a normal part of the writing process--even for nost professionals..and anyway,you should follow three rules:prewriting,writing and post-writing details in the unit one ) Q:I nnever exactly sure whether I'm writing formally or informally, what can I do? A:Unit two actually helps.Do each task as carefully as you can,paying attention to the features of fornal and informal correspondence and model your writing on the samples. The following two letters are written to send congratulations.One is formal,the other is less formal.Read and discover the distinguishing features in then. Sasple 1 Dear Ms Hahn, Your appointment to the board gives me great pleasure,and I offer you my sincere congratulations.I an delighted that your talent and hard work have been rewarded. I had hoped that I might be able to congratulate you in person,but I am shortly going on holiday.When I return next nonth,I will contact you and I hope we shall have the opportunity of celebrating.In the meantime. I wish you every success. Yours sincerely. Paul Practor Note:besides the above,it concerned about the date line,sender's address. receiver's address. Eg:全齐头式(Fu11-blocked)信函的各部分内容都从左边空白处写起，用起来 更方便省事，是现今常用的格式之一
5 everything in their heads. others write only after discussing the subject with friends or drawing diagrams and pictures. During the writing process, your need to experiment with several collecting, shaping, and drafting strategies to see what works best for you and for that particular piece of writing. As long as your process works, however, it’s legitimate---no matter how many times you backstract and repeat states. When you are struggling with a piece of writing, remember that numerous revisions are a normal part of the writing process---even for most professionals… . and anyway, you should follow three rules: prewriting, writing and post-writing ( details in the unit one ). Q: I ’m never exactly sure whether I ’m writing formally or informally, what can I do? A: Unit two actually helps. Do each task as carefully as you can, paying attention to the features of formal and informal correspondence and model your writing on the samples. The following two letters are written to send congratulations. One is formal, the other is less formal. Read and discover the distinguishing features in them. Sample 1 Dear Ms Hahn, Your appointment to the board gives me great pleasure, and I offer you my sincere congratulations. I am delighted that your talent and hard work have been rewarded. I had hoped that I might be able to congratulate you in person, but I am shortly going on holiday. When I return next month, I will contact you and I hope we shall have the opportunity of celebrating. In the meantime, I wish you every success. Yours sincerely, Paul Practor Note: besides the above, it concerned about the date line, sender’s address, receiver’s address. Eg: 全齐头式(Full-blocked) 信函的各部分内容都从左边空白处写起,用起来 更方便省事,是现今常用的格式之一
Leighton Textiles Ltd. B5a军5 ha 'Win Ro bim有Et Komloon,Hong Kong SA.R 16June200- Ms J Lam Sales Representa域ive Miracle Carpets Ld I/F Commercial Industrial Building Sha lin Industrial Estate Tsuen Wan New Territories Dear Ms Lam Subjeet:Faulty Carpet Delivery Thank you for delivering our comsignment of 5000yards of Miracle Tuffweae carpet (see our order G43099-I dated 30 May 200-). We have just examined the coments of this consignment and have discovered that there isa fault in the weave which makes the carpeting completely unusable. Unfortunately,as you know,this is the season when sales are at their highest,and we nced this carpet to meet the high demand.We should be obliged,therefore,if you would replace the faulty carpet within the next week,whereupon we shall pass the invoice to our accounts department for paryment We hope you understand our concern in this matte and that it will be possible to comtinue our good business relationship. Yours sincerelyt For LEIGHTON TEXTILES LTD. Edwan Chan Edward Chan Assistant Manager ECn Ce:C Lee (Manager) 6
6 Leighton Textiles Ltd. 886 Cheng Sha Wan Road Tsim Sha Tsui East Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 16 June 200- Ms J Lam Sales Representative Miracle Carpets Ltd 1/F Commercial Industrial Building Sha lin Industrial Estate Tsuen Wan New Territories Dear Ms Lam Subject: Faulty Carpet Delivery Thank you for delivering our consignment of 5000yards of Miracle Tuffweave carpet (see our order G43099-1 dated 30 May 200-). We have just examined the contents of this consignment and have discovered that there is a fault in the weave which makes the carpeting completely unusable. Unfortunately, as you know, this is the season when sales are at their highest, and we need this carpet to meet the high demand. We should be obliged, therefore, if you would replace the faulty carpet within the next week, whereupon we shall pass the invoice to our accounts department for payment. We hope you understand our concern in this matter, and that it will be possible to continue our good business relationship. Yours sincerelyt For LEIGHTON TEXTILES LTD. Edward Chan Edward Chan Assistant Manager EC/fl Cc: C Lee (Manager)
译文： 贵方发送的货物3000码"Miracle Tuffweave'"地毯（见我方200-年3月30日的G4099.1号订 单)己经收到，谢谢. 我方在验收时发现这批地毯骗织上有最统根本无法使用， 但是，成如所知，现时是地毯睛售旺季我门迫切需要这批地毯米满是大量的市场需求.因此贵 方若能在下四内更换有瑕统的地毯我们将不胜感藏.随后我们便可以将发票交财务部门付款 败请贵方对此子以惊解，我们希望维续和贵方保转良好的业务美泵 Sample 2 Dear David, I have just heard that you have been appointed regional nanager for the middle east.looking back on your activities so far,I know that your enthusiasm and experience are the very qualities that are needed for this position.I wish you every success in nanaging the affairs of the branch. My colleagues join ne in sending you our warmest congratulations. With kindest regards, Yours, John bonds Fun corner:The following two lettersare very informal,don't you think? A student,afterusing up every penny ofhis pocket money,and wrote: Dear daddy, No money. Not funny. Sonny
7 译文: 贵方发送的货物 5000 码 “Miracle Tuffweave”地毯(见我方 200-年 5 月 30 日的 G43099-1 号订 单)已经收到,谢谢. 我方在验收时,发现这批地毯编织上有瑕疵,根本无法使用. 但是,成如所知,现时是地毯销售旺季.我们迫切需要这批地毯来满足大量的市场需求. 因此,贵 方若能在下周内更换有瑕疵的地毯,我们将不胜感激. 随后我们便可以将发票交财务部门付款. 敬请贵方对此予以谅解,我们希望继续和贵方保持良好的业务关系. Sample 2 Dear David, I have just heard that you have been appointed regional manager for the middle east. looking back on your activities so far, I know that your enthusiasm and experience are the very qualities that are needed for this position. I wish you every success in managing the affairs of the branch. My colleagues join me in sending you our warmest congratulations. With kindest regards, Yours, John bonds Fun corner: The following two letters are very informal, don’t you think? A student, after using up every penny of his pocket money, and wrote: Dear daddy, No money. Not funny. Sonny
oo bd So sad
8 Dear sonny, Too bad. So sad. Dad