浙江广播电视大学 英语专业（开放本科） 《高级时事英语》单元辅导(3) Unit5 Background of environmental pollution Example 1.Trees out down for chopsticks .China now produces and dixcards mure than 45 billn pairs of dnsposable chupsicks every year, cutting down as many as 25 million trees in the process... Then,destructive floods in 1998 were hlamed on deforestation and brought the issue of disposable chupsticks lo the forefront. .Japan invented disposable chopsticks.But in order to protect its forested regions.whichcor6 per cent ofthe country.Japan pever uses its own trees to produce the eating utensils.It imported chopsticks from other countries including China However,China has n forestry covernge of less than 14 per cent "it's a kind of environmental invasion."Liao said. Example 2 ·30 tober2000 Half of Asin's freshwmer turtles endangered The nmber of critically endamngered freshwnter turtles has more thn doubled in just the last four years,according to a report released hy TRAFFIC Wildlife Corservation Society (WCS).Worldwide Fund For Nature (WWF).and other conservalion grups With three-fourths of Asia's freshwater turtles now listed as threatened,and over halfconsidered endangered,more effective measures are needed to protect these animals which are heaily exploited in the region primarily for foud and Lradilunal medicine. Example 3 ◆1 August2000 Food For Thought:The Uuiltaation of'Wild Mcal in Eastern and Soulhectn Africa The illegal use of wild meat (termed "bush mear)is perhaps the lenst documenred.but most
1 浙江广播电视大学 英语专业（开放本科） 《高级时事英语》单元辅导（3） Unit 5 Background of environmental pollution Example 1. Trees cut down for chopsticks • China now produces and discards more than 45 billion pairs of disposable chopsticks every year, cutting down as many as 25 million trees in the process… • Then, destructive floods in 1998 were blamed on deforestation and brought the issue of disposable chopsticks to the forefront. • Japan invented disposable chopsticks. But in order to protect its forested regions, which cover 65 per cent of the country, Japan never uses its own trees to produce the eating utensils. It imported chopsticks from other countries including China. However, China has a forestry coverage of less than 14 per cent. • “it’s a kind of environmental invasion.” Liao said. Example 2 • 3 October 2000 Half of Asia's freshwater turtles endangered The number of critically endangered freshwater turtles has more than doubled in just the last four years, according to a report released by TRAFFIC, Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), Worldwide Fund For Nature (WWF), and other conservation groups. • With three-fourths of Asia's freshwater turtles now listed as threatened, and over half considered endangered, more effective measures are needed to protect these animals, which are heavily exploited in the region primarily for food and traditional medicine. Example 3 • 1 August 2000 Food For Thought: The Utilization of Wild Meat in Eastern and Southern Africa The illegal use of wild meat (termed "bush meat") is perhaps the least documented, but most
f-eahieleofwildiReineaslrmandsouthemANice that inteerated action be taken to halt unsustainable use of bush meat. Activity a New words ·1exie-fuel:poisonouss有毒的 ·fue:moke,take ings吸入 ·pe-wp黄蜂 coloyoof nmplantsliving owinin the same place.群居 ·beerthbefld动yway制L地填满 ·diminish become smaller,less年小 L"South Chins tiger worh sving" o Chinaierrprn Tyhs villaer ·Brtainsfull of. 4."Building towns to save cities ●cii
2 far-reaching use of wildlife in eastern and southern Africa. • It is believed to involve more people and to have a greater effect on wild animal populations, including those in protected areas, than any other wildlife activity. TRAFFIC's latest report urges that integrated action be taken to halt unsustainable use of bush meat. Activity 1\task 2 New words • toxic-fuel: poisonous 有毒的 • fume: smoke, take in gas 吸入 • super-wasp:黄蜂 • colony: group of animals or plants living or growing in • the same place.群居 • 90F: 90 Fahrenheit • be cluttered with: be filled in an untidy way 胡乱地填满 • on the prowl: go around 徘徊 • diminish:: become smaller, less缩小 1.“South China tiger worth saving” South China tiger worth protecting. 2“ Toxic-fuel factory has villagers fuming.” The factory gives off poisonous fuel. The villagers take in (inhale 吸入) these toxic-fuel or poisonous gas. 3“ super-wasp colonises Britain” • Britain is full of wasp. colony: group of animals or plants live or grow in the same place (群居) 4.“Building towns to save cities” • .Cities are crowded with traffic, people and building. Pollution becomes a very serious problems in the cities. So building towns to save cities
Lasmother.Everythingismrfrmad Lad provides fod Ihubngha ill take measures to protect our land in order to develop agriculture n is surrounded with heal wave.The heat warve will nrevofair pto The pof 8"Can anyone save Britain's mead This has 10.race is on to save endangered monkeys" ne prowl orever-c The world'soce re crowded with ships.They go around the oceans looking foe whal they can Tak3 Extract】 New words mmeetingtarticlp 专趣讨论会
3 5“State to improve controls on land” • Land is our mother. Everything is coming from land. Land provides our food. If human being has no land, they cannot survive. But now land is used to develop industry, used as to build houses. Therefore, government will take measures to protect our land in order to develop agriculture. 6.“Pollution danger as 90F heat wave goes on”. As the temperatures are going to 90F , London is surrounded with heat wave. The heat wave will increase levels of air pollution. The poisonous gas cannot sent off. 7.“ Tree stops: The forestry Commission is feeding birth control pill to grey squirrels in order to control birth of squirrel, because squirrels destroy beechwoods. 8.“ Can anyone save Britain’s meadows?” • What happened to Britain’s meadows? They are destroyed after the Second World War. Who can save them? 9.“Living in the greenhouse” • “ Green- house effect” 温室效应 Do you notice the world’s climate becomes warmer and warmer? Buses cars and chemical factory give off the carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and other chemicals . They are increasing greatly in atmospheric. It traps (keep from) more of the heat in the lower atmosphere. This has a warming effect and change the climate gradually. It is called greenhouse effect. 10.“ race is on to save endangered monkeys” People should take quick measure to save monkeys who are in danger of survival. 11.“ The world’s oceans are cluttered with vessels on the prowl for ever-diminishing catch. Will the days of full nets ever return? “ The world’s oceans are crowded with ships. They go around the oceans looking for what they can catch. The uncontrollable catch make the ocean resources become less and less. Will the fishermen come back with full nets? Task 3\Extract 1 New words • peril: serious danger • seminar: meeting to discuss particular topic 专题讨论会 • primeval: earliest period, very ancient
原始。辽古的 hahitat ntutanvir ment of animal or a plant动、植物的自然环坟和质总电 〔inhabitants居民) 1.What's the purpos of the Action Grou? do they do?(place.eld placing poserheld smnars .New words ·ighten:bacome ight抓茶，严格控制 ·mer心u山l:表观控 Why will China take meaethis Answer. rdevelopmfplansindefd pron 2 aid industrial reform New words ·sackchimney ·cmin,giving of放出 ·&ic ofh:bonf3 relibelief他条，位念 Quetions
4 原始，远古的 • habitat: natural environment of animal or a plant 动、植物的自然环境和栖息地 （inhabitants居民） Questions: • 1.What’s the purpose of the Action Group? • 2.What do they do? ( place…., held ….) Answer: • To arouse public concern over the perils endangering … • …placing posters …and held seminars Extract 2 • New words • intensify: strengthen加强 • tighten: become tight 抓紧，严格控制 • macro-control: 宏观控制 Questions: Why will China take measures this year? Answer: • ensure sustained development of agriculture, plans include farmland protection. 2. aid industrial reform Extract 3 New words • dwarf: smaller, make seem small by contrast • stack: chimney • emission: sending out, giving off 放出 • article of faith: basic point of sb’s religious belief 信条，信念 • inhale: take in 吸入 Questions: • 1.What environmental problem is mentioned here?
2.Whal measure will be taken? aling tor 18 New words muggy:warm,p,湖 ·eerin:atallover评流淡背 ·mudge:接近 ◆1，Whmt's the result as the t ature is going high? Air pollution in New words proportionate with:correspond to sth notorious:well-known for sth hod gasp:difficult in breath ympsium:mll meeting fot ·organic有机污染物 stench:very unplensant smell ·unhaly:not ccan ·g:排污水工程，排水设各 ·rion:xedquantityor inhabtn定镜、定带
5 • 2.What measure will be taken? • Answer: • 1.Air pollution. The Rugby cement works chimney emitted toxic waste (poisonous gas) which villagers have been inhaling for 18 months • 2.The smoke stack and emissions will be keenly disputed at a public meeting tomorrow. Extract 4 New words • muggy: warm, damp, 潮湿，闷热 • sweltering : sweat all over汗流浃背 • nudge: reach 接近 • 1. What’s the result as the temperature is going high? Air pollution increased and added serious problems for people to breath. Activity 3 New words • proportionate with: correspond to sth • notorious: well-known for sth bad • inadequate: not sufficient, not good enough • gasp: difficult in breath • symposium: small meeting for discussion for topic • organic有机污染物 • non-potable: not fit for drinking, drinkable • stench: very unpleasant smell • excrement: 粪便，排泄物 • unholy: not clean • municipal:市政的， • sewerage：排污水工程，排水设备 • ration：fixed quantity for inhabitant定额、定量
address to direct one's attention to a prohlem .sme wevstothen理enh现在我门该把注意力集巾到议 事日程的主要项月上来。 ·noms.narmal standard ·coak斗蓬 oee for plaughing 3How are they polluedWhat a thered hw theproem Activity 5 wage:begin and caryo couryat. ·hoost encourage lease.contract previausly:coming before ·avert:prevent.avoid ·roismhaiondtrtaieagon ·culivae:ploughing adminisratinm ·curb
6 • address: to direct one’s attention to a problem e.g. It’s time we addressed ourselves to the main item in the agenda.现在我们该把注意力集中到议 事日程的主要项目上来。 • ineffectual: have no effect on sh, without effect • Sanction:制裁 • noms: narmal standard • cloak: 斗蓬 • non-arable: not suitable for ploughing Questions: 1.What pollution are mentioned in this article? 2. What figures do the author give for each of pollution? 3. How are they polluted ? What are the result? And how to solve the problems? Activity 5 New words • wage: begin and carry on e.g. no country wants to wage a nuclear war. • boost: encourage • lease, contract • regulate: adjust • previously: coming before • avert: prevent, avoid • revenue: annual income • redistribution:distribute again • cultivate: ploughing • residential: house • shrinkage: become smaller • administration: management • curb: control
Questiors I Whit effort will he wazed?Why? Wht are the of th efo 3.what happened tothe owned land? 4.Why did it happen? answer cesieridd Structure of the article ·Solution(1-3) ·Analye ther(6-8 ·stale the reason ◆5g8esti0n ·comparison ·sugeest .conclusion:bad effect of pollution.importance of protecting environmen Hoemwark ·Oral work
7 • random : methods without conscious choice Questions • 1.What effort will be waged? Why? • 2.What are the advantages of the effort? • 3.what happened to the state-owned land? • 4. Why did it happen? answer • Bring more state-owned land used for non-agricultural purposes into paid land use contracts. regulate land use 2. boost land available for agriculture. avert the misuse or loss of state land 3. State-owned land is used for non-agricultural purposes, such as :taken over by industrial and residential development or is used for planting forests and fruit trees or building fish ponds Structure of the article • Solution (1~3) • Existing problems (4) • Analyze the reasons (6~8) Activity 6\task 1 Structure • state the reason • describe the problem, two pollution • suggestion • comparison • suggest • conclusion: bad effect of pollution, importance of protecting environment Hoemwork • Written work:: pollution in my hometown • Oral work:
Extract l New ords ÷bpe失业教济金 leak relea ais:put an end to hardship:difficuy peralty punismen entitle:give sb a right to have e.g.you are not entitled to unemployment berefit if you have never worked unemployodmenareeatitedtogtunemplcymentbencfitforthefirtsikmoatls.Burforhogewhio will be in this perio will be punished
8 • Talk about any environment problems in your hometown. • Your view on environmental protection. • Talk about the relationship between environment and health. • Evaluate the actions taken in the protection of the environment locally or nationally • Unit 6 Activity 1 Extract 1 New words deny: refuse to give sb e.g. she was angry at being denied the opportunity to see me. unemployment benefit:失业救济金 leak: release abolish: put an end to hardship: difficulty penalty: punishment entitle: give sb a right to have e.g. you are not entitled to unemployment benefit if you have never worked. key points the whole period of entitlement: unemployed men are entitled to get unemployment benefit for the first six months. But for those who quit new jobs or break official instructions have no right to get benefit after the six month, and they will be punished in this period. Exercise 1.______ will be punished. a.unemployed people who quit new jobs or break official instructions
2The pntfolln e.The pnaltie ofe missionary:particular task 卡campaign运动 木ide.tendency趋势 e.g the tide tumned in our favour no go:be forbidden area for sth grave/serious e deal with,overcome lif幼~you,they dondoy率负 v fadus(urdeedon'eexpcted. 马E CShephard the E tinuoa Dugtion Tem batimgani-drugca e.8.5 million pounds are expected to a training program for teachers
9 b.Michael Portillo, the Employment Secretary. c.Department of Employment 2.The punishment include the following items EXCEPT______ . a.deny unemployment benefit and give sanctions b.no longer receive the reduced rates of benefit under any circumstance. c.The penalties could be effective for six month. Extract 2 New words missionary: particular task campaign:运动 tide: tendency 趋势 e.g. the tide turned in our favour. no go: be forbidden area for sth grave/serious tackle: deal with,overcome fail: if sb ~ you, they don’t do what you expected. 辜负 e.g. Our leaders have failed us. (Our leaders made us disappointed, don’t do what we expected. remove, , show public Exercise: 1.Gilleon Shephard, the Education secretary, call for _________. a.setting up 100 local Drug Action Teams b.starting anti-drug campaign in schools. c.no “no go “ areas for drugs. 2 .The following facts are true EXCEPT __________. A.more and more people are died of drug misuse. b. The purpose of the government’s program is to reduce drug-taking and set up “no go” areas for drugs in school. c. 8.5 million pounds are expected to authorize a training program for teachers
New words withdrawn be away from athers unco Exercise Why chldren in Br fong-e What problemdomesi violerrn Exiract4 New words ÷popomsudenly siretchingouby lyng full length g0 off.make a sudden loud noise. cg.e thievesrnthe burglaralamnt off防盗容报搭突然响起，小偷密了 -nb ÷vicou:violenily smash in:be broken violently into piece gush flow,pour out suddenly Where was lan going before the accident happed and what time was it about
10 Extract 3 New words authorise: give authority to trauma: emotional shock, wound, injury, producing a lasting harmful effect aggressive: ready to attack, offensive,quarrelsome withdrawn: be away from others, uncommunicative, unsociable, lonely, solitude, Exercise 1. Why may many children in Britain suffer long-term trauma? 2. What problems do domestic violence bring? .How many mothers and children are investigated for the domestic violence? Extract 4 New words pop out: come out suddenly stretching out: relax by lying at full length go off: make a sudden loud noise. e.g. The thieves ran away when the burglar alarm went off. 防盗警报器突然响起，小偷跑了 get the hang of sth: learn how to operate or do sth 学会使用某种东西 e.g. I’m trying to get the hang of the new telephone system. viciously: violently smash in: be broken violently into pieces gush:flow, pour out suddenly Exercise .Where was Ian going before the accident happed and what time was it about?